介词with的用法【第八课时】说课材料.doc

此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除介词with的用法1 具有；带有，相当于having;carrying Eg: Soon he came to a river with a wooden bridge over it. 不久，他来到了架有木头桥的河边 China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。 The girl with long hair is my sister.那个留长发的姑娘是我妹妹注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性: with表示属于人和物的显著特点；about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点； in表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点。 Eg: His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。 Thereisacertaincharmaboutthatman.那个人有某种魅力。 There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。2 用、使用（工具、手段等） Eg: He was writing with a pencil. 他在用铅笔写字。 The streets are paved with stone. 街道铺了石子.注意：(1)“With+东西”表示行为的主体通常是人把该物体当作工具来使用； “by+东西” 表示并非 “人”而是该“东西”才是行为的主体 Eg: He was killed with a knife =Someone killed him with a knife.有人用刀杀了他. He was killed by a falling rock.=A falling rock killed him.他被落石砸死了. (2)with跟使用的工具；in跟使用的材料。同时使用工具和材料使用with Eg: May I write with a pencil我可以用铅笔写吗 He gave his card,with a few words in pencil.他把它的名便给我,上面有几个铅笔字. It must be written with pen and blue ink.这必须用铅笔和蓝墨水书写. （同时使用）3 与一道；跟一起 Eg：Robert is playing with his friend. 罗伯特跟他的朋友在一起玩。 I shall go there with my students. 我将和同学们一起去那里。 Im going to finish the job with my friends. 我要和朋友们一起把活干完。 常用搭配：go with 与.一起去； play with与.一起玩； live with 与.一起住/生活 work with 与.一起工作； make friends with 与.交朋友； talk with sb = talk to sb 和某人交谈； cooperate with 与.一起合作4 在一边；与一致；拥护onthesameside Eg: Iagreewithyou.我同意你的意见。 Areyouwithusoragainstus你是拥护我们还是反对我们？5 对；与对垒 对于, 关于, 就.来说 Eg：She was angry with me. 她生我的气。 Dont fight with your brother. 别和你弟弟打架。 They are friendly with us. 他们对我们很友好。 We are pleased with the house. 我们对这所房屋很满意。6 由于；因为 because of (这种语义的with多半与表示情绪的词连用） Eg: She was red with anger .她愤怒的张红了脸 The baby was crying with hunger. 婴儿在哭，因为他饿了 With the help of sb = with ones help 在某人的帮助下7 （表示行为、方式）以；带着；在.身边”； Eg：He spoke with anger. 他生气地说 Hecamewithanewdictionary.他是带着一本新词典来的 Idonthaveanymoneywithme.我身上没带钱。 8 随着. withthedevelopmentof.随着.的发展floatwiththewind随风飘动。 Eg：A trees shadow moves with the sun. 树荫随太阳而移动。 A man grows wiser with age. 随着年令的增长，人变得更聪明。9 With后加上一个名词（多为表情绪的词），表示“。地”等情态意义，其作用相当于一个副词。 Eg: withcare=carefully；withdifficulty=difficultly；withwarmth=warmly；withcuriosity=curiously；withpride=proudly10 虽然，尽管 =in spite of Eg：With all his faults she still loves him.尽管他有很多缺点,她仍然爱他。11 （表条件）若是 Eg：With more money，Iwould be able to buy it.钱多一点的话,我就能买得起。12 构成“with+n（pron）+补语”复合结构 ，该结构主要做状语 ，表示方式，原因，条件等，也可做定语但必须后置。认真观察下列句子，看with复合结构名次（或代词）的补语有什么词语充当，并注意该结构所表示的意义及在句中所起的作用 Eg: With a face all smiles （n）,he told us that he had passed the entrance examination. Tom always sleeps with his eyes open.(adj）. The boy ran out with nothing on.(副词) Do you know the women with a child in her arms.(介词短语) Withthesetohelphim(不定式),hetriedtosendpictureofaface. Witheveryonesupportingus(现在分词),wecancertainlysucceed.13 与副词连用,构成祈使句 Eg: Onwithyourshoes!穿上鞋! Offwithyourclothes!把衣服脱下来!14 with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下：1) with或without-名词/代词+形容词； Eg：Tomalwayssleepswithhiseyesopen.(形容词.)2) with或without-名词/代词+副词；Theboyranoutwithnothingon.(副词)3) with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； Eg: Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhishand.4) with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； Eg；Withtheboytoleadtheway，wewillfindthehouseeasilytomorrow.5) with或without-名词/代词+分词。 Withtheboyleadingtheway，wefoundhehouseeasily. Helayonthebedwiththebedroomdoorshut. Thefellowstoodtherewithhishandscrossed.这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。15 其他常用句型(1) So it is with +宾格代词某人的情况也如此. Eg：He is clever and likes EnglishSo it is with his brother. (2) As is often the case (with sb.)对某人来说是常事. Eg: As is often the case with him,he is late again。(3) As with正如的情形一样 Eg：As with young birds ,the time comes for young people to leave their family.(4) It is the same with某人的情况也如此。 Eg；He likes football but does not like basketball.It is the same with his brother.区别：The boy in a red T-shirt is Robert Jenkins.穿一件红色T裇的男孩是罗伯特.杰肯斯。 The boy with a red T-shirt is Robert Jenkins.拿一件红色T裇的男孩是罗伯特.杰肯斯。常见带有with的动词短语 agree with sb/sth 同意某人或某事； deal with sth = do with sth 处理某事； help sb with sth在.上帮助某人； fall in love with sb/sth 爱上某人/某物； get on with sb与某人相处 ； get on well with sb 与某人相处得好； have nothing to do with sb与某人无关； compare A with B 将A和B作比较； communicate with sb与某人交流； argue with sb = quarrel with sb与某人吵架常见带with的形容词固定搭配 be satisfied with对.满意 ； be content with sth 对.满足；be angry with sb 生某人的气； be strict with sb 对某人严格；be patient with sb 对某人有耐心； be popular with sb 受某人欢迎；be familiar with sb/sth 熟悉某人或某物； be connected with sb/sth 与.有关Whats wrong/the matter with sb/sth ？be filled with sth 装满. 充满. = be full of sth ；练习：1. _ production up by 60 %, the company has had another excellent year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through 2. _two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. A. Besides B. With C. As for D. Because of 3. _our food _, we had to walk to a village for help. A. Since; runs out B. Because; run out C. With; running out D. For; running out 4. When mother went into the house, she found her baby was sleeping in bed, _ his lips moving. A. as B. with C. for D. Through5. _ more and more forests damaged ,some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. A. As B. For C. With D. By 6. Many large cities, such as Liverpool and New York, have had experiments of this kind, _ old factories turned into successful art centers. A. for B. with C. as D. Like 7. _so much homework to do , I wont have time to go to see the film tonight. A. With B. To C. For D. In 8. _and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor s help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure 9. John starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon _ a break at midday. A. for B. with C. in D. as 10. It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room _ _ his nose red. A. to B. on C. in D. with 11. _all the representatives still not there , the meeting was postponed for several months. A. Without B. With C. By D. Because只供学习与交流