建筑工程专业词汇大全.doc

隧道工程 tunnel engineering隧道 tunnel铁路隧道 ；铁道隧道 railway tunnel公路隧道 highway tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel人行隧道 pedestrian tunnel水工隧洞 ；输水隧道 hydraulic tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel水下隧道 subaqueous tunnel海底隧道 ；水下隧道 submarine tunnel；underwater tunnel土质隧道 earth tunnel岩石隧道 rock tunnel浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel;shallowdepth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel偏压隧道 unsymmetrical loading tunnel马蹄形隧道 ；拱形隧道 horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel圆形隧道 circular tunnel矩形隧道 rectangular section tunnel大断面隧道 largecrosssection tunnel长隧道 long tunnel双线隧道 twintrack tunnel;double track tunnel曲线隧道 curved tunnel明洞 open tunnel；opencut tunnel;tunnel without cover；gallery隧道勘测 tunnel survey超前探测 drift boring工程地质勘测 ；工程地质勘探 engineering geological prospecting隧道测量 tunnel survey施工测量 construction survey断面测量 section survey隧道设计 tunnel design隧道断面 tunnel section安全系数 safety coefficient隧道力学 tunnel mechanics隧道结构 tunnel structure隧道洞口设施 facilities of tunnel portal边墙 side wall拱顶 arch crown拱圈 tunnel arch仰拱 inverted arch底板 base plate;floor隧道埋深 depth of tunnel隧道群 tunnel group隧道施工 tunnel construction隧道开挖 tunnel excavation分部开挖 partial excavation大断面开挖 large crosssection excavation全断面开挖 full face tunnelling开挖面 excavated surface隧道施工方法 tunnel construction method钻爆法 drilling and blasting method新奥法 natm;new austrian tunnelling method盾构法 shield driving method；shield method顶进法 pipe jacking method；jack-in method浅埋暗挖法 sallow buried-tunnelling method明挖法 cut and cover tunneling;opencut method地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall method；underground wall method冻结法 freezing method沉埋法 immersed tube method管棚法 pipe-shed method综合机械化掘进 comprehensive mechanized excavation辅助坑道 auxiliary adit;service gallery平行坑道 parallel adit竖井 shaft斜井 sloping shaft;inclined shaft导坑 heading衬砌工艺 lining process喷锚 ;锚喷 anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray管段 tube section接缝 joint地层加固 reinforcing of natural ground弃碴 ballast piling施工监控 construction monitor control超挖 overbreak欠挖 underbreak施工进度 construction progress隧道贯通 tunnel holingthrough工期 work period隧道施工机械 tunnel construction machinery隧道掘进机 tunnelling machine；tunnel boring machine；tbm单臂掘进机 single cantilever tunnelling machine全断面掘进机 full face tunnel boring machine隧道钻眼爆破机械 machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation装碴运输机械 loadingconveying ballast equipment衬砌机械 lining mechanism钢模板 steel form模板台车 formworking jumbo混凝土喷射机 ;砼喷射机 concrete sprayer盾构 shield泥水盾构 slurry shield气压盾构 air pressure shield挤压闭胸盾构 shotcrete closed shield土压平衡盾构 soil pressure balancing shield注浆机械 grouting machine凿岩机 rock drilling machine；air hammer drill凿岩台车 drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo围岩 surrounding rock围岩分类 surrounding rock classification围岩加固 surrounding rock consolidation围岩稳定 surrounding rock stability围岩应力 surrounding rock stress围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock山体压力 ;围岩压力 ground pressure；surrounding rock pressure围岩变形 surrounding rock deformation围岩破坏 surrounding rock failure软弱围岩 weak surrounding rock支护 support锚喷支护 anchor bolt-spray support锚杆支护 anchor bolt-support；anchor bolt support喷射混凝土支护 ;喷射砼支护 shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support配筋喷射混凝土支护 ;配筋喷射砼支护 reinforced sprayed concrete support钢架喷射混凝土支护 ;钢架喷射砼支护 rigidframe shotcrete support掘进工作面支护 excavation face support超前支护 advance support管棚支护 pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support胶结型锚杆 adhesive anchor bolt砂浆锚杆 mortar bolt树脂锚杆 resin anchored bolt摩擦型锚杆 friction anchor bolt楔缝式锚杆 slit wedge type rock bolt涨壳式锚杆 expansion type anchor bolt机械型锚杆 mechanical anchor bolt预应力锚杆 prestressed anchor bolt土层锚杆 soil bolt岩石锚杆 rock bolt衬砌 lining整体式衬砌 integral tunnel lining；integral lining拼装式衬砌 precast lining组合衬砌 composite lining挤压混凝土衬砌 ；挤压砼衬砌 shotcrete tunnel lining;extruding concrete tunnel lining混凝土衬砌 ;砼衬砌 concrete lining喷锚衬砌 shotcrete and bolt lining；shotcrete bolt lining隧道通风 tunnel ventilation施工通风 construction ventilation运营通风 operation ventilation机械通风 mechanical ventilation自然通风 natural ventilation隧道射流式通风 ；隧道射流通风 efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation；tunnel injector type ventilation隧道通风帘幕 curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain通风设备 ventilation equipment隧道照明 tunnel illumination；tunnel lighting照明设备 lighting equipment隧道防水 tunnel waterproofing；waterproofing of tunnel防水板 waterproofing board；waterproof board；waterproof sheet防水材料 waterproof material隧道排水 tunnel drainage排水设备 drainage facilites隧道病害 tunnel defect衬砌裂损 lining split；lining ing隧道漏水 water leakage of tunnel；tunnel leak坍方 landslide;slip地面塌陷 land yielding涌水 gushing water隧道养护 tunnel maintenance堵漏 leaking stoppage注浆 grouting化学注浆 chemical grouting防寒 cold-proof整治 regulation限界检查 clearance examination;checking of clearance；clearance check measurement隧道管理系统 tunnelling management system隧道环境 tunnel environment隧道试验 ;隧道实验 tunnel test试验段 ；实验段 test section隧道监控量测 ;隧道监控测量 tunnel monitoring measurement收敛 convergence隧道安全 tunnel safety隧道防火 tunnel fire proofing火灾 fire hazard消防 fire fighting隧道防灾设施 tunnel disaster prevention equipment；tunnel anti-disaster equipment报警装置 ；报警器 alarming device;warning device通过隧道 passing tunnel避车洞 refuge hole避难洞 ;避车洞 refuge recess;refuge hole电气化铁道工程 ；电气化铁路工程 electrified railway construction电气化铁道 ；电气化铁路 electrified railway直流电气化铁道 dc electrified railway交流电气化铁道 ；交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway低频电气化铁道 low frequency electrified railway工频电气化铁道 ；工频电气化铁路 industry frequency electrified railway电压制 voltage system电流制 current system核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear densitymoisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil； soil replacement爆破排淤 blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion； discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤 throwing stones to packing sedimentation; packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破 chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting; abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pinpoint blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting； contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope; side slope of cut堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting路堑平台 platform of cutting； berm in cutting弃土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank挡土墙 retaining wall铁路施工常用英文词汇1重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall; gravity retaining wall with relieving platform; balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods； anchored bulkhead retaining wall； anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙 anchored bolt retaining wall; anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩 antislide pile； countersliding pile护墙 guard walltielu 铁路施工护坡 slope protection; revertment； pitching排水沟 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch边沟;侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter; overhead ditch； intercepting ditch吊沟 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch; catchdrain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞 leak tunnel; permeable tunnel； drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well； seepage well渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter; protective filter检查井 inspection well； manhole砂井;排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer透水路堤 pervious embankment; permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层 sand filled drainage layer； drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment； shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall; buttree落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks柴排 firewood raft； mattress; willow fascine固沙造林 stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction中活载 CR-live loading； China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load设计荷载 design load主力 principal load恒载 dead load土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train列车离心力 centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train冲击系数 ceofficient of impact人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load列车制动力 braking force of train列车牵引力 tractive force of train风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力 lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震级 earthquake magnitude施工荷载 constructional loading荷载组合 loading conbination铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥 combined bridge； combined highway and railway bridge； combined rail-cumroad bridge跨线桥；立交桥 overpass bridge; grade separation bridge； flyover高架桥 viaduct旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 posttensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁;劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete; skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I-beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥;刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥;斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge; slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥 pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱 fixedend arch双铰拱 two-hinged arch三铰拱 threehinged arch实腹拱 spandrelfilled arch； solidspandrel arch空腹拱 openspandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge； flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥 Lohse bridge; rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders 尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥 Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multitrack bridge正桥; 主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式 half through bridge; midheight deck bridge下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge跨径;跨度 span净跨 clear spam桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨；锚孔 anchor span悬跨；吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger加劲杆 stiffener节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate; tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam； transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bentup bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower； pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable; inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band; cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor桥梁护轨 guard rall of bridge桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing; movable bearing平板支座 plate bearing摇轴芝座 rocker bearing滚轴支座 roller bearing球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation弛振 galloping颤振 flutter扰流板 spoiler风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期 natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法 erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法 erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法 cast-inplace cantilever construction； free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法 cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete 预制混凝土构件 precast concrete units; precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental spanbyspan construction using form traveller桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法 castinplace method； castinsitu method活动吊篮 travelling cradle顶进法 jack-in method旋转法施工;转体施工 erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack桥梁下部结构 substructure桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutmentU形桥台 Ushaped abutment耳墙式桥台 abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier实体桥墩 solid pier重力式桥墩 gravity pier柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier; pier constructed with precast units制动墩 braking