现在完成时和过去完成时考点教学教材.doc

现在完成时和过去完成时考点

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现在完成与过去完成
考点一：概念考察。
现在完成时不仅表示动作在说话之前已经完成，而且强调动作对现在的影响或结果。
①He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ____ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.（2005年湖北卷）
A. were deciding B. have decided
C. decided D. will decide
②Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ___by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （2005年重庆卷）
A. has been caused B. had been caused
C. will be caused D. will have been caused

考点二：常见的现在完成时的一些标志性时间状语：
for +时间段，since+时间点
So far\ up to now\ till now\ since then\lately\recently\already\ these days In\over\during \for\within the past \last few years……
例一:
1.—The window is dirty.
— I know. It ________ for weeks.
（2004年全国卷）
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
2. So far this year we a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen
3. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances
in the past years.
A discovered B have discovered
C has been discovered D have been discovered
仔细观察选出正确答案：
1. He football regularly for many years when he was young.
A was playing B played
C has played D had played
2. ---I heard the peasants here very poor in the past.
---yes, but there great changes in the past few years.
A have been; have been B have been; were
C were; have been D were ;were

考点三：总结：
This \that\ it is the first time that +现在完成时
This \that\ it was the first time that +过去完成时
It is \has been + 时间段+since+ 一般过去时
It was + 时间段+since+ 过去完成时
(1) --- Do you know our town at all?　
　 --- No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was　 B. have been C . came　 D. am coming
(2) --- Have you ____ been to our town before?
　 --- No, it’s the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come　 B. even, have come　　
C. ever, come　 D. ever, have come

考点四：在时间，条件状语从句中用现在完成时代替将来完成时
1.When he out all the newspapers, he’ll go home.
A sells B has sold
C will have sold D will be sold
2. No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.
A． will be made B is made
C． is being made D has been made
I have received his letter for a month.
I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

考点五：
由终止性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等构成的完成时不能与for或since引导的时间状语连用。注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

考点六：考查现在完成时与一般过去式的区别：
一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等，与现在不发生联系，且句中一般有表示过去的时间状语；而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。
—Where ______ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere.
— I ____ it right here. But now it’s gone.
A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put
C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put

考点七：
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：比较下列句子。
I have written an article.（已完成） I have been writing an article. （还在写）
Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ____going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.（2004年北京卷）
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider

二. 对过去完成时态的考查
考点一：概念考察：过去完成时，经常以“过去”为背景，要想表达比这一背景更早的动作常用此时态。即要有一个参照动作或时间。
— George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?
—No, I ___. Did they have a big wedding? （2004年湖北卷）
A. was not invited B. have not been invited
C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite

考点二： hardly\scarcely------when No sooner-----than
She ______ to the office than she got down to writing the report.
A. has no sooner got  B. had hardly got 
C. no sooner got  D. had no sooner got

考点三：动词hope\ think\ expect\intend\mean\want\suppose\plan等用过去完成时表示未曾实现的愿望，意图和打算。
I that he would be able to leave tomorrow, but it’s beginning to look difficult.
A hope B had hoped
C. hoped D. am hoping

考点四：过去完成时与非谓语动词的联系
1. I to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so.
A will intend B. had intended
C. intended D. have intended
2. We meant there a week.
A. to stay B. to have stayed
C. Staying D. having stayed
即 had intended=intended to have done

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