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阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·四川省绵阳市第三次诊断)
Chelyabinsk，Russia—A meteorite (陨石) moved quickly across the sky and exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2021，raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.
People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion，saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave，according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1,500 km east of Moscow.
The fireball，travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian space agency Roscosmos，had blazed (熊熊燃烧) across the horizon，leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.
Car alarms went off，thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time.The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion，a very rare spectacle，also released a great explosive sound.
“I was driving to work.It was quite dark，but it suddenly became bright as if it were day，” said Viktor Prokofiev,36，a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Urals Mountains.“I felt like I was blinded by headlights.”
The meteorite，which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron，entered Earth’s atmosphere and broke apart 30 km50 km above ground according to Russia’s Academy of Sciences.
“The energy released when it entered the Earth’s atmosphere was equal to a few kilotonnes，” the academy said，“the power of a small atomic weapon exploding.”
No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20,000 rescue and cleanup workers were sent to Urals Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.
The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured，at least 200 of them children，and most from broken pieces of glass.
1．What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?
A．It is a very huge ball made of iron.
B．It quickly broke apart on the ground.
C．It exploded over Russia’s Urals Region.
D．It’s similar to an Abomb in weight.2
2．The underlined word “smashed” in Para.1 is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．broke B．melted
C．swallowed D．cleared
3．We can know from the passage that ________.
A．Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk
B．many houses were destroyed，with lots of people reported missing
C．Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare spectacle
D．the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks
4．Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?
A．“Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia
B．President Putin Orders Assistance
C．Meteorite Hits Russia,1,200 People Hurt
D．Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia
【参考答案】
语篇解读 文章报道了陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸，导致1 200人受伤的大事。
1．解析： 细节理解题。依据第一段中的“exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2021”以及倒数其次段中的“rescue and cleanup workers were sent to Urals Region”可知，陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸。
答案： C
2．解析： 词义猜想题。依据画线词所在句“causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people”以及第四段中的“thousands of windows were broken”可推知smashed与broke的意思最接近。
答案： A
3．解析： 细节理解题。依据第四段中的“mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time”可知D项正确。
答案： D
4．解析： 主旨大意题。第一段是本则新闻的主旨，C项既点明白大事主题“陨石攻击俄罗斯”，又报道了其后果“1 200人受伤”，所以选C项。
答案： C。
【广东省广州市2022模拟】基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）
以下是佛山剪纸艺术的相关信息：
历史：
1) 传统的民间艺术，历史悠久，起源于1000多年前;
2) 清朝时期开头盛行，是人们日常生活的一部分。
种类：
1) 三种：用于装饰、宗教和设计;
2) 用于装饰的剪纸使用最为广泛。
现状：
1) 送礼佳品，深受外国友人宠爱;
2) 有30多家经营剪纸的商店，产品远销东南亚。
[写作内容]
请依据以上信息写一篇英语短文，介绍佛山剪纸艺术，供外国游客参考，内容包括：
佛山剪纸艺术的历史、种类及现状。
[写作要求]
1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
2. 作文中不能毁灭真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]
句子结构精确 ，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
基础写作【参考范文】
Foshan paper-cutting is a traditional folk art with a long history, which dates back to more than 1000 years ago. In Qing Dynasty, paper-cutting became popular in Foshan and was an important part of people’s daily life. There are three kinds of paper cuts: paper cuts for decoration, for religious purposes and for design, among which those for decoration are the most widely used. Nowadays, paper-cutting products are often chosen as presents and foreigner are always fond of them. There are more than 30 shops for paper cuts in Foshan, and paper-cutting products sell as far as in Southeast Asia.
【广东省广州市2022模拟】读写任务 (共1小题，满分25分)
阅读下面的短文，然后依据要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Forming good study habits is a great start on a path to success. Even small changes can make a big difference and, over time, will change not only your approach toward studying and organizing but your overall outlook on school and work.
Having effective study habits creates a more efficient academic environment. Planning your study schedule in advance and faithfully sticking to it saves time. Even giving consideration to small details makes a difference. Developing an efficient study plan can make your academic life go much more smoothly.
When you have good study habits, you tend to be less stressed. Students who are anxious on exam day are typically those who came unprepared. Students who organize their lives and stick to their study schedules are confident and relaxed at test-taking time.
Regardless of whether you are setting a good example for classmates or for friends, showing good study habits can have a positive effect on those around you. Your friends and classmates may turn to their own studies as you study. Your roommates may be inspired to organize their own rooms and study plans.
[写作内容]
你校的英文报组织了关于“养成良好学习习惯”的争辩,上文是刊登在该报上的文章。你看完文章后，想就这一主题写一篇英语短文并投稿，内容包括：
1. 以约30词概括上文的主要内容；
2. 以约120词就“养成良好学习习惯”进行争辩，并包括以下要点：
（1）你有哪些好的学习习惯；
（2）好的学习习惯挂念你成功的经受；
（3）如何才能养成好的学习习惯。
[写作要求]
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经受或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2. 作文中不能毁灭真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]
概括精确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
读写任务【参考范文】
By developing good study habits, you will work more efficiently and experiencing less stress in the learning process. Having good habits and skills can also influence those around you.
As for me, I benefit a lot from my good habits like getting up early to read English aloud, going over what I have learned before going to bed, and listening to some English programs every day.
In the past, I dared not speak English because I was poor in pronunciation. Thanks to my good habits, however, I have been making progress in my English speaking. Now I’m actively involved in the discussion in English classes, and also, I’m doing much better in english exams.
Therefore, I think it is of great significance to cultivate good study habits. When you have made a plan, stick to it for at least one week, no matter how hard it is. Then you may find it is not as difficult as it appeared. Besides, finding a partner to study together with is also a good way to keep you motivated.
【甘肃省嘉峪关市一中2022模拟】书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华。你的两位伴侣Tom与Peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是Peter生日，Tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你依据以下要点给Tom回一封邮件：
1.礼物选择
2.你的理由
3.其他和解建议
留意：
1.词数100左右
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering making up with Peter.
LiHua
【参考范文】写作（25分）
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you are considering making up with Peter. If I were you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.
As far as I know, Peter is always in poor health so he can take more exercise by riding a bike to build up his body. In the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is an environmentally-friendly means of transport. It’s convenient for him to get around as well.
Apart from giving him a gift, you can also adopt other means, such as travelling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important. I really hope that we can be good friends forever.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【东北三省2022模拟】书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，你的美国网友Tom想要了解一下你所在学校的校内布局，请你依据下面的简图给他写一封e-mail，描述一下你的学校，并简洁表达你对学校的情感。
留意：1. 词数100字左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How are you and I miss you! I’d like to introduce the layout of my school to you. _________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】书面表达：
Dear Tom,
How are you? I miss you. I’d like to introduce the layout of my school to you.
Entering the campus, you will step on the main path leading through the whole campus. On the left of the crossroads is located the modern laboratory building while our splendid teaching building is on the right where we have fascinating lessons every day. At the end of the main path, the library on the left greets you and the gym is on the opposite side. Happily, we do sports after class in the football field which is between the library and the lab building; the basketball court faces the football field across the main path.
I love my school with students working hard to realize their dreams and teachers training us like our parents. Provided you can visit my school some day, I will show you around it.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li hua
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
My newly-rented small apartment was far away from the centre of London and it was becoming essential for me to find a job, so finally I spent a whole morning getting to town and putting my name down to be considered by London Transport for a job on the underground. They were looking for guards, not drivers. This suited me. I couldn’t drive a car but thought that I could probably guard a train, and perhaps continue to write my poems between stations. The writers Keats and Chekhov had been doctors. T.S. Eliot had worked in a bank and Wallace Stevens for an insurance company. I’d be a subway guard. I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis. Obviously I’d be overqualified but I was willing to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges — those being particularly welcome to someone living a long way from the city centre.
The next day I sat down, with almost a hundred other candidates, for the intelligence test. I must have done all right because after about half an hour’s wait I was sent into another room for a psychological test. This time there were only about fifty candidates. The interviewer sat at a desk. Candidates were signaled forward to occupy the seat opposite him when the previous occupant had been dismissed, after a greater or shorter time. Obviously the long interviews were the more successful ones. Some of the interviews were as short as five minutes. Mine was the only one that lasted a minute and a half.
I can remember the questions now: “Why did you leave your last job?” “Why did you leave your job before that?” “And the one before that?” I can’t recall my answers, except that they were short at first and grew progressively shorter. His closing statement, I thought, revealed a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the underground railway. “You’ve failed the psychological test and we are unable to offer you a position.”
Failing to get that job was my low point. Or so I thought, believing that the work was easy. Actually, such jobs — being a postman is another one I still desire — demand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least qualified to give. But I was still far short of full self-understanding. I was also short of cash.
1．The writer applied for the job chiefly because _________.
A．he wanted to work in the centre of London
B．he could no longer afford to live without one
C．he was not interested in any other available job
D．he had received some suitable training
2．The writer thought he was overqualified for the job because _________.
A．he often traveled underground B．he had written many poems
C．he could deal with difficult situations D．he had worked in a company
3．The length of his interview meant that _________.
A．he was not going to be offered the job B．he had not done well in the intelligence test
C．he did not like the interviewer at all D．he had little work experience to talk about
4．What does the writer realize now that he did not realize then?
A．How unpleasant ordinary jobs can be. B．How difficult it is to be a poet.
C．How unsuitable he was for the job. D．How badly he did in the interview.
5．What’s the writer’s opinion of the psychologist?
A. He was very aggressive. B. He was unhappy with his job.
C. He was quite inefficient. D. He was rather unsympathetic.
【参考答案】1—5、BCACD
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