2021广东茂名市高考英语语法填空等练习(5)(答案).docx

2021广东茂名市高考英语语法填空等练习（5）（答案）
一、语法填空。
阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16〜25的相应位 置上。
THE 2,298-kiIometer Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway 16_____ (official) opened to passengers on December 26，2022. It is the world’s longest high-speed rail route. The 17_____ (design)speed of the track is 350 km︿, though speeds during the initial period of operation will be limited to about 300 km/h. The new route cuts the travel time between Beijing and Guangzhou 18 almost two thirds, from 22 hours to roughly eight hours .On December 1, 2022，not long before the opening of the Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway, the Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway, 19_____ first high-speed line ever to cross land that lies frozen for almost half a year, began operations, 20_____ allows passengers to appreciate the view off the coast from Dalian in the morning, 21_____ the winter snowscape of frosty Harbin in the afternoon .At present the total 22_____ (long) of high-speed lines in China 23_____(reach)9,349 km. With four main lines 24_____ (run) east-west and four north-south, the country’s high-speed train network is the world’s largest. China plans to expand 25_____ high-speed railway network to 50，000 km by 2022, to cover almost all large and medium-sized cities.

【参考答案】语法填空：
16. officially 17. designed 18. by 19. the 20. which
21. and 22.length 23. has reached 24.running 25. its

二、完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”
I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store. I have something 3 to show you. ” At grocery store, we 4 some apples --- red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to 5 your question.” I put one apple of each 6 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 7 look on his face. “People are like apples. They come in all 8 colors, shapes and sizes. On the 9 , some of the apples may not 10 look as the others. ” As I was talking, Adam was 11 each one carefully. Then, I took each of the apples and peeled（削皮）them, 12 them back on the table, but 13 a different place.
“Okay, Adam, tell me which is which.”
He said, “I 14 tell. They all look same now. ” “Take a bite of 15 . See if that helps you 16 which one is which. ”
He took 17 , and then a huge smile came cross his face. . ”People are 18 like apples! They are all different, but once you 19 the outside, they’re pretty much the same on the inside. ”
He totally 20 it. I didn’t need to say or do anything else.
( ) 1. A. although B. so C. because D. if
( ) 2. A. stop B. start C. turn D. stay
( ) 3. A. expressive B. encouraging C. informative D. interesting
( ) 4. A. bought B. counted C. saw D. collected
( ) 5. A. check B. mention C. answer D. improve
( ) 6. A. size B. type C. shape D. class
( ) 7. A. worried B. satisfied C. proud D. curious
( ) 8. A. ordinary B. normal C. different D. regular
( ) 9. A. outside B. whole C. table D. inside
( ) 10. A. still B. even C. only D. ever
( ) 11. A. examining B. measuring C. drawing D. packing
( ) 12. A. keeping B. placing C. pulling D. giving
( ) 13. A. on B. toward C. for D. in
( ) 14. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
( ) 15. A. each one B. each other C. the other D. one another
( ) 16. A. admit B. consider C. decide D. believe
( ) 17. A. big bites B. deep breaths C. a firm hold D. close look
( ) 18. A. just B. always C. merely D. seldom
( ) 19. A. put away B. get down C. hand out D. take off
( ) 20. A. made B. took C. got D. did
21. D 所填词引导宾语从句，意思是：是否，选D。
22. A 所填名词与谓语动词make构成短语，意思是：做短暂的停留。Make a start：开头，起程；make a turn：轮番；make a stay：待在某地，都与题干意思不符。
23. D expressive：表达的；encouraging：嘉奖的，可鼓舞的；informative：供应消息的；interesting：令人感爱好的，好玩的。本句意思是：我有好玩的东西呈现给你看。选D。
24. A 由grocery store可知此处选A。
25. C 本句意思是：现在到了回答你的问题的时间了。选C。
26. B size：大小；type：类型；shape：外形；class：群。本句意思是：我从每种（类型）的苹果拿出一个，放在桌子上。选B。
27. D 句意是：Adam奇异   地看这我。选D。
28. C 由空前的all可以推断出此处选C。
29. A 由后文中的outside可知此处选A。
30. B 所填词修饰动词look，意思是：甚至，选B。
31. A 句子意思是：Adam认真的查看了每一个苹果。选A。
32. B 此处是非谓语动词做状语，规律主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与规律主语是主动关系，且非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用v-ing的一般式。
33. D 所填介词与后文的名词place构成短语，意思是：在……地方，选D。
34. B 本句意思是：我不能识别。此处情态动词表力气，选B。
35. A 句意是：每个尝一口。选A。
36. C admit：承认；consider：考虑，认为；decide：打算；believe：信任。依据句意选C。
37. A 依据前文的take a bite if…可知此处选A。
38. A 此处是确定句，所填词意思是：很，仅仅，选A。always意思是：总是；merely：只，仅仅，常用与否定句中；seldom：很少，都与句意不附。
39. D put away：收好；储存；get down：写下，登记；hand out：分发；take off：起飞；脱掉，去掉；名声大振。句子意思是：但是一旦去掉其外皮，……。选D。
40.C Sb got it意思是：他完全理解了。选C。

三、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away—or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:　a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The“e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器).
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, peper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage—by insects or with a hole punch—had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
1. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by　　　.　
A. making some sounds　　　　　　B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals　　　 D. sending out electronic signals
2. What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops.
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
3. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can　　　.　
A. pick out ripe fruits B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
4. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose　　　.　
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
【参考答案】1—4、CDCB　　

短文改错（10分）
英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
留意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day Rosa wrote to her friend, who was a doctor, invite him to have dinner with her families. A few days later the doctor wrote back to her but she couldn’t read his writing because the letters were written careless. Then she asked her husband for the help, but he couldn’t read it, too. Then her husband got an idea. He told her that a chemist might be able read the doctor’s letter. So the woman went to chemist’s. The chemist in the shop studied the letter for a long time but he gave her a large bottle of medicine. He told the woman she would eat twelve pills a day. Finally Rosa still had no idea whether her friend will come or not.
【参考答案】4