【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮复习人教版(课标卷地区)：语法专项突破-专题12.docx

其次部分专题十二.语法单句填空1Even on a cold day he prefers _(go) out to play football rather than_ stay) at home.答案：to go；stay句意为：甚至在大冷天，他也宠爱出去踢足球而不是呆在家里。prefer to do.rather than do.为固定短语，意为“宁愿做而不愿做”。2Apple now gets about 11% of its income from China，_(compare) with 1.1% in 2009.答案：compared句意为：苹果公司现在收入的11%是从中国市场获得的，而2009年仅有1.1%。compared with 1.1% in 2009相当于定语从句which is compared with 1.1% in 2009的省略形式。3Every afternoon a group of old women pass down the road outside my house, each_(carry) a load of firewood.答案：carrying句意为：每天下午一帮老太太从我家门外经过，每人都背着很多柴。此题考查独立主格结构。each与carry在规律上是主谓关系，在句中作伴随状语。4_(gain) necessary experience for my future career, I take an active part in social activities in college.答案：To gain句意为：为了给将来的职业积累必要的阅历，我在高校乐观参与社会活动。不定式短语在句中作目的状语。5He had never expected there _(be) a woman calling herself his mother on his 20th birthday.答案：to be句意为：他从来没有想到在他20岁生日时会毁灭一个女人自称是他的妈妈。动词expect后常接不定式或不定式的复合结构。此处是expect to do sth.和there be非谓语结构的结合。6The scientist spent years alone in the forest, _(survive) by eating wild fruit and small animals.答案：surviving句意为：那位科学家在森林里独自度过了几年时间，靠吃野果和小动物活了下来。the scientist与survive是规律上的主谓关系，谓语动作与非谓语动作同时发生，因此用现在分词作伴随状语。7_(determine) to carry out the plan in time, they will make careful preparations.答案：Determined句意为：由于决心要按时实施方案，他们将作充分的预备工作。determined表示被动和完成，强调状态。8Can those _(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?No problem, sir!答案：seated句意为：那些坐在教室后面的人能听到我的话吗？没问题，先生。动词seat用法如下：be seated；seat oneself。作定语时用现在分词短语seating oneself或过去分词seated。9_(complete) all the homework assigned by the school the students have to work at it till midnight.答案：To complete句意为：为了完成学校布置的全部作业，同学们不得不努力学习到午夜时分。不定式短语作目的状语。10How is the man injured in the accident?The doctor said if _(treat) in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.答案：treated句意为：那个在事故中受伤的人怎么样了？医生说假如治疗得当有可能获救。 if treated相当于if he was treated省略形式。11Lucys cellphone was left in a taxi accidentally, never _(find) again.答案：to be found句意为：露西的手机不当心落在出租车上，再也没有找回来。Lusys cellphone和find在规律上是动宾关系，且“找”是在“落在出租车上”之后，因此用不定式的被动式。12XiamenShenzhen High Speed Railway opened to traffic on Dec. 28th last year，_(link) the two of Chinas economic zones.答案：linking句意为：厦门至深圳高铁于去年12月28日开放通车，连接了中国的两个经济特区。high speed railway与非谓语动词是规律上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。13_ finished the painting intended to be a gift for her girlfriend, he had a deep sigh of relief.答案：Having句意为：完成了那幅预备送给他女伴侣的画之后，他最终松了口气。非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，因此用现在分词的完成式。14_(locate) at the golden belt of Yangtze River Delta, Maanshan is the National Garden City _ wonderful landscape appeals to many visitors every year.答案：Located; whose句意为：坐落于长江三角洲这一黄金地带的马鞍山是一座国家级花园城市，它秀丽的风景每年都吸引很多游客前来。locate意为“位于”，与主语Maanshan构成规律上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。whose意为“的”，引导定语从句并在句中充当定语。15Whenever I come to visit, he is always watching TV.Youre really observant. He cant help _(watch) some TV during meals or before bed.答案：watching句意为：无论我什么时候来，他总是在看电视。你真擅长观看，他吃饭时或睡觉之前都必需要看会儿电视。cant help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“禁不住做某事/不得不做某事”。.单句改错1I was about to enter the building when I saw a girl lie beside the dustbin.2I gave to him some food and a bath.3Apart from kept a young boy entertained, she taught me a good lesson.4Some classmates raised their cameras to capture the excited moments.5I should spend more time help my mom with the housework.6She has been arguing with me about me not come home.7I want to hold a party for you, hope that you can remember the time we spent together.8Such bad behaviours are out of place in our civilizing society.9We are looking forward to your come to our school.10Its diffiuclt to understanding why he barks in the morning.答案：1.lie改为lying2.去掉to3.kept改为keeping4excited改为exciting5.help改为helpinge改为coming7.hope改为hoping8.civilizing改为civilized9come改为coming10.understanding改为understand