2021高考英语天津市(三月)阅读、完形填空自练(2)答案.docx

2021高考英语天津市（三月）阅读、完形填空自练（2）答案阅读理解(2022鹰潭市高三其次次模拟考试)There are many older people in the world and there will be many more.A limeknown fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries.According to the World Health Organization，by 2022 there will be 1 billion，with over 700 million living in developing countries.It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries.For example，it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent.It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk？One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live，the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible，including during old age，to lessen the financial burden on the state.Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.In some African countries，certainly in Asia，older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge.Yet traditions are fading away daily，which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people.As society changes，attitudes will change.Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (卑视) in employment.Lifelong learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a countrys development.Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people.Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort.One thing is sure：there is no time to be lost.1The proportion of older people_.Ais bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesBis oneseventh of the population in developing countriesCwill increase much faster in China than in FranceDwill be sixty percent in developing countries by 20222. According to the passage，which of the following are governments most worried about?AThe diseases and disability of older people.BThe longer life and good health of people.CThe loss of taxes on older people.DThe increasing respect for older people.3It is stated directly in the passage that older people should_.Abe treated differently in different culturesBenjoy a similar lifestyleCbe ignored as society changesDbe valued by the younger generations4Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?AGetting rid of age discrimination in employment.BEnsuring adequate income protection for older people.CProviding free health care for sick older people.DSupplying lifelong learning programs to older people.5The author concludes in the last paragraph that_.Agovernments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problemBpopulation ageing is a hard problem，but it needs to be solved urgentlyCpeople are too busy to solve the population ageing problemDmuch time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。老年人口的比例在进展中国家猛增，这无疑会带来很多问题，尽管这一问题很麻烦，但解决这一问题势在必行、刻不容缓。1解析：推理推断题。依据文章其次段内容可知，在法国，115年里老年人口的比例从7%增长到了14%，而在中国仅仅用于23年的时间就达到了这个增长幅度。因此可推知，将来中国老龄人口比例的增长速度要比法国快得多。答案：C2解析：细节理解题。依据第三段其次句“One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live，the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.”可知，政府担忧，人们活的寿命越长，人们的健康压力会越大。答案：A3解析：细节理解题。依据第四段第一句“Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations.society.”可知，年轻人应当理解和敬重老年人，D项为文章中直接陈述的观点。答案：D4解析：细节理解题。依据倒数第三段第一句可知，A项表述正确；依据倒数其次段第一句可知，B项表述正确；依据倒数第三段其次句可知，D项表述正确。答案：C5解析：段落大意题。依据最终一段中“there is no time to be lost”可知，作者认为，尽管人口老龄化这一问题很麻烦，但解决它已经是刻不容缓了。答案：B阅读理解。【来自高考湖北卷】Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.Heres how he explains his views.1)Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today its half second.3) Lets not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样一般的日常行为所带来的乐观影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。1What is the theme of Ridleys most recent book?AWeakness of human nature.BConcern about climate change.CImportance of practical thinking.DOptimism about human progress.答案：D。理解推断题。从其次段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove.”一句也正好清楚的表明白作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是全都的，即：人类的进步总是不行避开的。2How does Ridley look at shopping?AIt encourages the creation of things.BIt results in shortage of goods.CIt demands more fossil fuels.DIt causes a poverty problem.答案：A。细节推断题。从“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发制造制造。选项A与之相吻合。3The candle and lamp example is used to show that _.Aoil lamps give off more light than candlesBshortening working time brings about a happier lifeCadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesDincreased production rate leads to lower cost of goods答案：D。细节推断题。依据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是全都的。4What does the last sentence of the passage imply?ACutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.BOverreaction to climate change may be dangerous.CPeoples health is closely related to climate change.DCareless medical treatment may cause great pain.答案：B。推理推断题。依据最终一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排解选项A与C的说法，由于它们大相径庭；而依据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。【2022高考英语江西省红色六校其次次联考】完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A little part of me thought about going to another checkout lineThis one had the shortest 36 ，there was only one guy in it，but he was in a 37 and there seemed to be some difficulties 38 We stepped in behind himAt first, he 39 to be having difficulty getting his groceries onto the counterBut after a while，I realized that what he was actually doing was 40 it into two parts I offered to help，but he and the checkout lady had it under 41 He asked Julie if she would mind putting his 42 basket awayThen he 43 for his wallet which was in a bag on one side of his chairThe 44 he was positioned and the fact he only had one usable arm 45 this troublesome for him，so I helped thereThe checkout operator came around and gave him his 46 and the goods he needed to have to handShe 47 one bag of groceries over a handle at the back of his chair I offered to get the other bigger bag and he said，“No48 you could do me a favorTake that bag along to the entrance and give it to Angela Angela，it 49，was collecting food for people who might 50 go hungry! I hadnt even 51 her before.This guy，in spite of the limitations，had bought more than twice as 52 shopping as he neededand given the bigger bag away to help 53 people!He didnt let the fact that he needed help 54 him from being a helpHe may have been limited 55，but his heart was more than able to overcome all that36A figureBspaceCqueue Dtime 37Asupermarket BwheelchairChelmet Duniform 38Agoing onBholding onCpaying offDsetting down39AhappenedBusedCseemed Dpretended40AselectingBwrappingChandingDseparating41AchargeBcontrolCimprovementDsettlement42AemptyBheavyClargeDbroken 43AfeltBin search ofCseizedDreached44AspotBdirectionCdistanceDway45AcaughtBcarriedCmadeDsolved46AbasketBbagCwalletDchange47AarrangedBhungCloaded Dconnected48AAndBButCSoDOr49Aturned outBfound outCpointed outDput out50AalreadyBalwaysCotherwiseDfairly51AnoticedBknownCunderstoodDgreeted52Amany BmuchCfewDlittle53AwealthyBordinaryCotherDnormal54AstopBrequireCleadDpersuade55AfinanciallyBmorallyCmentallyDphysically【参考答案】CBACD BADDC DBBAC ABCAD