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阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The term “underemployment” has three related meanings. In one sense, it refers to a situation in which someone with excellent job qualifications (资格) is working in a position that requires less qualifications, as for instance in the case of a lawyer driving a school bus. In the second sense, it means working part-time when one would prefer to be working full-time. In the third sense, it is a form of overstaffing (人浮于事) in which employees are not being fully made use of.
All forms of underemployment have effect on the economy and the health of the business community. Long-term underemployment can also cover up the truth behind the employment situations. When nations collect employment statistics, they usually come up with a base number of “unemployed” individuals, using that number to judge the health of the job market. This number does not include part-time workers looking for full-time jobs, as they are considered employed, and it also doesn’t reflect workers who are underpaid, considering their qualifications.
In the first sense, underemployment is a common problem in many of the developed world. Many people with college degrees are working in low-level or service industry jobs because the job market is full.
The issue of part-time employment is also very serious. Some people are forced into part-time jobs, while others find themselves taking a part-time job because nothing else is available, even though they really need to work full-time. This problem is especially common in areas with seasonal employment, where employers find it cheaper to maintain and lay off part-time staffs, rather than keeping a full staff at all times.
In the sense of shortage of workers, underemployment appears in a variety of situations. Some companies maintain a full staff to be prepared for seasonal work, or to keep well-trained, qualified workers so that they will be available when needed. Labor laws and union pressures may also prevent a company from cutting down on staff or working hours, leading to a situation in which people report to work, but have nothing to do.
1. The purpose of the passage is .
A. to show underemployment is becoming more serious today
B. to imply women are laid off more than men
C. to explain the meaning of “underemployment”
D. to tell the present economic situations
2. According to the text, underemployment means .
A. the same meaning as the word—unemployed
B. employees are not fully taken charged of
C. qualified workers get a low salary
D. people who do manual work for wages
3. When it comes to unemployment statistics, .
A. the underpaid workers are included
B. it implies the people who are jobless
C. the part-time employees are included
D. it shows the employment situation of a country
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE to the 4th and 5th paragraph?
A. Underemployment only occurs in advanced countries.
B. People with college degrees sometimes take a part-time job.
C. Part-time staffs seems benefit from firms less.
D. Companies need full-time staffs indeed.
5. Some companies maintain a full staff .
A. to compete with others in the future B. to make preparations for seasonal work
C. to get the skilled workers paid D. to obey labor laws and union pressures
【参考答案】1—5、CBBAB
阅读理解。
As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2001, when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. But the experience turned out to be very dull. Around that time, I told my husband that I wanted to skydive. So when our retirement community announced that they were having an essay competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime that you wanted to have, I decided to write about my dream.
In the essay, I wrote about my desire to skydive, stating George Brush Sr. did it at age 80. Why not me? I was just 84 and in pretty good health. A year went by and I heard nothing. But then at a community party in late April 2009, they announced that I was one of the winners. I just couldn’t believe it. Inspired by this, I decided to realize my dream, even though some of my family members and my doctor were against it.
On June 11, 2009, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land while I headed up in the airplane. My instructor, Jay, guided me through the experience. The plane was the noisiest one I had ever been in, but I wasn’t frightened—I was really just looking forward to the experience. When we reached 13,000 feet, Jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane. When we first hit the air, the wind was so strong that I could hardly breathe. For a second I thought, “What have I gotten myself into?” But then everything got calmer. We were in a free fall for about a minute before Jay opened the parachute（降落伞）, then we just floated downward for about five minutes. Being up in the clouds and looking at the view below was unlike anything I have ever felt—much better than the hot air balloon. I was just enjoying it.源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
Skydiving was really one of the greatest experiences of my life. I hope other people will look at me and realize that you don’t stop living just because you are 84 years old. If there’s something you want to experience, look into it. If it’s something that is possible, make it happen.
6. What happened to the author in 2001?
A. She flew an airplane.
B. She entered a competition.
C. She went on a hot air balloon ride.
D. She moved into a retirement community.
7. The author mentioned George Bush Sr. in her essay to .
A. make her argument persuasive
B. show her admiration for him
C. compare their health condition
D. build up her own reputation
8. How did the author feel immediately after she jumped out of the plane?
A. Excited. B. Regretful. C. Nervous. D. Scared.
9. What did the author enjoy most when she was skydiving?
A. The beautiful clouds. B. The wonderful view.
C. The company of Jay. D. The one-minute free fall.
10. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Impossible is nothing. B. A dream made come true.
C. An unforgettable skydiving. D. I Went Skydiving at 84!
【参考答案6--10】C A B B D
阅读理解。
An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.
In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit(追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched(发起) the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong.
In Chicago, the mayor(市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.
The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achieved. Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.
Ultimately, as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.
11. What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?
A. To invite authors to guide readers.
B. To encourage people to read and share.
C. To involve people in community service.
D. To promote the friendship between cities.
12. Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?
A. They had little interest in reading.
B. They were too busy to read a book.
C. They came from many different backgrounds.
D. They lacked support from the local government.
13. According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?
A. In large communities with little sense of unity.
B. In large cities where libraries are far from home.
C. In medium-sized cities with a diverse population.
D. In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.
14. The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean .
A. exchanged ideas with each other
B. discussed the meaning of a word
C. gained life experience
D. used the same language
15. According to Nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by .
A. the careful selection of a proper book
B. the growing popularity of the writers
C. the number of people who benefit from reading
D. the number of books that each person reads
【参考答案11--15】B C D A C
【深圳市2022高考英语综合力气测试题（5）】
信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并依据要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选
项字母涂黑。
首先，请阅读以下各种狗的说明：
A
The Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working dog, quick and light on its feet. Its hair is usually of medium length, giving a well-furred appearance. It is usually friendly and gentle, so it is not overly suspicious of strangers or aggressive with other dogs. The best exercise for it is running 6-7 kilometers daily.
Height: 51- 60 cm Price: $700 -1000
B
The Poodle is divided into three kinds: the standard, the mini and the toy, with different sizes. The Poodle is very proud, with an air of distinction and dignity peculiar to itself, so sometimes it can be shy or sharp. It is also considered as the best watchdog.
Height: the standard - 35-60 cm
the mini - 28-35 cm
the toy - 25-28 cm
Price: $1000 - 1500
C
The Doberman Pinscher dog is usually trained for military and police use. Compactly built, muscular and powerful, it is famous for endurance and speed. It is lively, alert(警觉的), firm, smart, loyal and obedient(听从的). It's easy to train but doesn't get along well with other dogs. It has surprising weight and strength, in order to suppress potential attacks.
Height: 30 - 36 cm Price: $600 -1000
D
The first impression of the Belgian Tervuren is that it is a well-balanced, medium-sized dog. In addition to its ability as a herding dog(牧羊犬), it protects its master and his or her property without being overly aggressive. It is watchful, attentive, and usually in motion when not under command. In its relationship with humans, it is observant and alert to strangers, but it does not show fear or shyness. It would not attack people without being commanded.
Height: 56 - 66 cm price: $1500 – 1800
E
Chihuahuas are not only cute small dogs, but also have great hunting and guarding instincts. They are alert, with attitudes of self-importance, confidence and self-reliance. Though they spend most of the time at home, they need8a bath at least once a month, because of the long hair which easily picks up dirt. Also, their nails grow very fast and are relatively thick, so they sh80uld be taken care of regularly.
Height: 15 - 23cm Price: $500 - 800
F
The boxer, with a pretty strong shape and appearance, is surprisingly mild. It is close to people, especially to children. It has rich feelings and can be easily trained. Normally, it is used as guard dog and even guide dog for the blind. Because its compliance is good, it is an ideal partner.
Height: 53 - 63 cm Price: $1200 – 1600
请阅读以下人物信息，然后匹配他们最可能选择的狗：
46. Mark works for the FBI and he is looking for a dozen trained dogs for the coming search. They should be strongly-built, so as to work under difficult situations. They should also be sensitive to suspicious criminals and able to fight in attacks. What's more, he has a tight budget, so the dogs should not be too expensive.
47. Laura loves running every morning before going to work. She is thinking about buying a dog to run with her. She prefers a gentle dog which does not raise a fight with other doge's when she takes it out. Also, she is not planning to spend too much money on the dog. Less than $1000 would be nice.
48. Cathy is a 25-year-old girl living in New York alone. She works as a manager in a toy corpora- tion. She's looking for a pet dog that's both lovely and able to guard her apartment when she's off for work. A dog shorter than 50 cm is ideal. Busy as she is, she's not going to spend too much time taking care of the dog.
49. Mike is thinking of buying a dog for his daughter as a birthday present. His daughter is only 6 years old, so the dog should be mild and nice to children. What's more, if it is easy to train the dog, his daughter can have fun with it. He loves his daughter, so money is not a problem.
50. David has a farm, where he owns three pigs, five sheep and six ducks. People living around are very nice and easy-going, so basically he doesn't need to worry about his animals being robbed. But sometimes there are some strangers around, so he is looking for a dog that's not too aggressive but could be of help when needed.
【参考答案】46-50 CABFD
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