2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【5】及答案【三月】.docx

2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【5】及答案【三月】【由山东省枣庄市2022高考英语3月模拟试题改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It s never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold We have many different ways of coping with the coldWe can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winterBut things are not as easy for plants Unlike humans, plants cant move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warmSo how do they manage to survive the freezing winter? The cold is a big challenge for plantsTheir living tissues can be damaged when they freezeIts like a plants equivalent(相等物）to frostbite（冻疮）Also，the process of freezing and thawing（解冻）can cause air bubbles to form in the plants water transport systemIf enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant To live through cold weather，plants have developed three strategies，Some plants，such as oak trees, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves, before the winter chill sets in-effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leavesand growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns. Other plants, pine trees for example, protect them-selves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubblesThe third stratef;yi8 also the most extremeSome plants; die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer However, these smart strategies were developed nmry8lowlyover millions of years of evolutionThis leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decadesScientists are hoping to find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change1What is the text mainly about? ADifferent ways for people to keep warm BHow plants live through the freezing winter CHow plants develop the 8tratef;ies to keep warm* DThe ways to save plants from the cold,2If the water transport from roots to leaves 18 blocked, Athe plant will suffer from frostbite Bair bubbles will be formed Cthe plants living tissues will be damaged Dthe plant will be killed3Oak trees protect themselves by Astopping the water transport from roots to leaves Bdropping their leaves to grow seedsCslowing the flow of water from roots to leavesDstoring enough water in the roots4What does the underlined phrase “sets in” mean in Paragraph3? Astops Bbegins Cleaves Dreturns5What is the main idea of the last paragraph APlants can, easily adapt to climate change BScientists are making efforts to save plants CClimates change is a great threat to plantsDPlants are developing new strategies to survive【参考答案】15、BDADC 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。“Experience may possibly be the best teacher,but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words,but they actually come from James March,a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March(possibly the wisest philosopher of management)has studied how humans think and act,and he continues to do so in his new bookThe Ambiguities of Experience.He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning:“Experience is respected;experience is sought;experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及)serious complications(简洁化),ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting part of the book,for example,he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting,he argues,we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented,the less understandable the story,and the more understandable the story,the less realistic it is.”Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher,March is also a poet,and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short,it is demanding:Dont pick it up looking for quick,easy lessons. Rather,be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.1. According to the text,James March is.A. a poet who uses experience in his writingB. a teacher who teaches story writing in universityC. a researcher who studies the way humans think and actD. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions2. According to James March,experience.A. is overvalued B. is easy to explain C. should be actively soughtD. should be highly respected3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Experience makes stories more accurate.B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.4. Whats the purpose of this text?A. To introduce a book. B. To describe a researcher.C. To explain experiential learning. D. To discuss organizational decision making.【参考答案】1-4 CABA 完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。The night was dark, though sometimes the moving clouds allowed a star or two to be seen in the sky. The poor men held on to any bit of 1 they could find. They called to the Marie for2 but she was far3 the reach of the human voice. At one oclock in the morning suddenly some4 were seen in the distance: another ship! The shouts of the 5 were heard on board, and willing hands pulled them out of the water. The 6 of the ship that had arrived at the scene7 to save their lives was the Ellen. What had 8 her to the exact spot 9 the darkness and the pathless sea? Her captain had known10 of the wreck(沉船) and had, indeed, 11 to sail away from it. But let him speak for himself.“12 I was forced by the wind to change my course, a small bird flew across the ship once or twice and then flew at my face. I 13 of this until exactly the same thing happened a second time, 14 caused me to think it rather 15 .While I was this 16 ,the same bird, for the third time, make its appearance and flew17 in the same way as before. I was then18 to change my course back to the original one. I had not gone far 19 I heard a strange voice; and when I tried to20 where they came from, I found I was in the middle of people who had been shipwrecked. I immediately did by best to save them.” ( ) 1.A.landB. grass C. hopeD. wood 答案:D( ) 2.A.foodB. help C. restD. stop答案:B( ) 3.A.offB. out C. beyondD. from答案:C( ) 4.A.peopleB. lights C. shipsD. houses 答案:B( ) 5.A.sailorsB. captains C. rescuersD. swimmers 答案:D( ) 6.A.nameB. owner C. captainD. finder 答案:A( ) 7.A.ahead of timeB. at times C. on timeD. in time答案:D( ) 8.A.broughtB. carried C. keptD. caused 答案:A( ) 9.A.in B. on C. throughD. around 答案:C( ) 10.A.everything B. nothing C. somethingD. anything 答案:B( ) 11.A.attemptedB. managed C. allowedD. demanded 答案:A( ) 12.A.Just asB. In case C. Only becauseD. Even though答案:A( ) 13.A.paid no attention B. took good care C. took no notice D. kept close watch答案:C( ) 14.A.whichB. what C. thatD. this答案:A( ) 15.A.interestingB. funny C. friendlyD. unusual 答案:D( ) 16.A.searchingB. expecting C. consideringD. studying 答案:C( ) 17.A.backB. about C. upD. down答案:B( ) 18.A.forcedB. decided C. persuadedD. forbidden 答案:C( ) 19.A.whenB. until C. thenD. while 答案:A( ) 20.A.listen toB. search for C. make sureD. look out 答案:C1. 解析:hold on to 意思为“紧紧地抓住”。通读全文我们可以知道现在这些人是在茫茫大海里，他们必需抱住能找到的任何一块木头，以挂念自己逃命。2. 解析:他们向“玛丽号”船求救。联系上下文我们可以知道the Marie是船的名字。3. 解析:beyond the reach of 意思是“在的范围之外”。人们向“玛丽号”求救，然而船上的人们根本听不到他们的呼救声。4. 解析:lights的意思是“灯光”。C项具有确定的干扰性。从该空后的another ship来看，C项不符合题意。5. 解析:联系上下文，这些人的身份我们始终不知道，因此D项为最佳选项。6. 解析:the Ellen是船的名字，因此，此处选name。7. 解析:in time 准时；ahead of time 提前；at times有时；on time准时。8. 解析:句意为：“是什么把她（的船）带到这个地点的？”9. 解析:“through the darkness and the pathless sea”意思是“穿过黑夜和茫茫大海”。10. 解析:从空后的“had, indeed,_ (attempted) to sail away from it”及下一段，我们可以知道，船长对此事一无所知。11. 解析:由于他不知道这里发生沉船事故，因此他曾经“试图”把船开走。12. 解析:just as 在这里引导时间状语从句。13. 解析:pay attention后搭配的介词应当是to。14. 解析:which引导非限制性定语从句。15. 解析:这件事让我感到“不同寻常”。16. 解析:considering 在此处相当于thinking。指船长认为鸟的举动有些特殊。17. 解析:fly about 意思是“处处飞”。18. 解析:船长在这里说“鸟的特殊举动劝服我转变了方法”。19. 解析:when在此意思是“就在这时”。20. 解析:由于是黑夜，在茫茫大海上，船长一时辨不清声音来自何方，因此他首先确定声音的位置。