2022高考英语阅读理解和单项选择练习(15)及答案.docx

单项填空1In this lecture，I can only give you a purely_view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.AprivateBpersonalCunique Ddifferent解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这次演讲中，关于我们怎样尽情生活我只能给你(们)纯粹的个人观点，并就将来提一些建议。private“个人的，私人的；私有的，私立的”；personal“(意见或感觉)个人的，自己的；私密的，隐私的”；unique“(某个地方或状况)下独一无二的，仅有的，唯一的；独特的”；different“不同的”。依据词义及语境推断，personal正确。答案 B2Dad is used to smoking and drinking. Theres no chance _ Im able to talk him into _.Awhether；giving it upBof whether；giving them upCthat；getting rid of themDwhich；stopping it解析 Theres no chance that.没有可能。答案 C3Hes _ to fail the exam if he doesnt do any revision.AdifficultBfairCboundDabsurd解析 be bound to do“确定做某事”。句意：假如他一点也不复习，他确定会考不及格的。答案 C4My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it.Ain favour ofBin memory ofCin honour of Din search of解析 in favour of赞成，支持；in memory of纪念；in honour of为了对表示敬意；in search of查找。答案 A5I am_your suggestion_we should spend more time on this project.Ain favour of；which Bin honor of；thatCin favour of；that Din honor of；which解析 句意：我很赞成你的建议那就是我们应当在这个工程上花费更多的时间。in favour of赞成；in honor of向表示敬意；为纪念。其次个空为that引导的同位语从句。答案 C6He couldnt resist _ his new car.Ato show on Bshowing onCto show off Dshowing off解析 cant resist doing sth.禁不住做某事；show off炫耀。答案 D7Though a teenager，Fred could resist_what to do and what not to do.Ato be told Bhaving toldCbeing told Dto have been told解析 resist doing抵制干某事，别人告知他应做什么，不做什么，所以用被动。答案 C8The thirtystorey building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever_.Aundergone BovertakenCunderstood Dundertaken解析 undertake“负责，从事”。句意：那座30层的大楼是他们负责的最有挑战性的工程之一。答案 D9Youve done so much workyou _ pass the exam.Aare likely to Bhave toCcan Dare bound to解析 句意：你已下了这么多功夫了，你确定能通过考试。be bound to do确定能做。答案 D10Dont _your father about it now；he is very tired.Acare BbotherCset Dget解析 bother sb.about.麻烦某人。句意：现在不要拿这个去麻烦你父亲，他很累了。答案 B11There is a board by the road，which _“Parking _！”Awrites；forbidding Breading；forbiddingCsays；forbidden Dsaying；forbidden解析 第一空意为“牌子上写着”，可用says或reads，由于是从句的谓语动词，不用reading或saying，其次空是forbid parking的变化形式，由于两者之间为动宾关系，所以应是Parking forbidden！No parking！禁止停车！答案 C12Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.Oh，really？Im glad that her efforts at last_.Aworked out Bgot backCpaid off Dturned out解析 下句意为“我很兴奋她的努力最终有了好结果。”pay off(指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.赌赢了。答案 C13He was in poor health，so the doctor _him to drink wine.Ahoped BdemandedCforbade Dprevented解析 句意：由于身体差，医生禁止他喝酒。用forbid符合句意。答案 C14Believe me，all your efforts will_some day.Thanks for your encouragement.Apay back Bpay downCpay off Dpay up解析 句意：请信任我，你全部的努力总有一天会得到回报的。感谢你的鼓舞。pay back还钱；报复；pay down付现金；pay off得到回报；pay up全部付清。答案 C15How do Canadians like to be called?Most of them dont object _ them by their first names.Athat you call Bfor callingCto your calling Dto call解析 object to(ones)doing sth.反对(某人)做某事。答案 C阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New Yorkhe in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us, Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Partons foundation(基金会) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of Sevier, Tennessee. “I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire, “ Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder. Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imaginationlibrary. com. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts. The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a look-see. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish, says Linda. The booksreviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board membersincluded classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12, 200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative:“This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of.The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die, “ says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left. 1. What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life? A. His health problem. B. His love for teaching.C. The influence of his wife.D. The news from the Web.2. What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library? A. Give out brochures. B. Do something similar.C. Write books for children.D. Retire from being a teacher.3. According to the text, Dolly Parton is.A. a well-known surgeonB. a mother of a four-year-oldC. a singer born in Tennessee D. a computer programmer4. Why did the Richters go to Dollywood? A. To avoid signing up online.B. To meet Dollywood board members.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were of good quality.5. What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph? A. He needs more money to help the children.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. He considers his efforts worthwhile.【参考答案】15、 ABCDD【2021高考复习】阅读理解One of the founding fathers of the Internet has predicted the end of traditional television.Vint Cerf，who helped to build the Internet while working as a researcher in America，said that the television was approaching its “iPod moment”In the same way that people now download their favorite music onto their iPod，he said that viewers would soon be downloading most favorite programs onto their computers.“85% of all videos we watch are prerecorded，so you can set your system to download them all the time，” said Mr Cerf，who is now the vice president of Google，the worlds largest search engine.“Youre still going to need live television for certain thingslike news，sporting events and emergenciesbut increasingly it is going to be almost like the iPod.”Although television on demand has not yet become a mainstream activity in the UK，the BBC，ITV and Channel 4 have all spent vast sums of money on technology which enables viewers to watch their favorite shows on their computers.But some critics (批判人士)，including some Internet service providers，have warned that the Internet will collapse with millions of people downloading programs at the same time.Over the next four years，it is thought that the number of videos watched over the Internet will be four times as big as that.Broadband companies claim that the service will cause “traffic jams”，which will cost millions of pounds to get it to normal.But Mr Cerf dismissed the warnings as “scare thoughts”，saying that critics had predicted 20 years ago that the Net would collapse when people all around the world started to use it all together.“In the past 30 years its increased a million times.Were far from reaching the capacity，” he said，“Its an understandable worry when they see huge amounts of information being moved around online.”【语篇解读】随着网络技术的进展，传统的电视将有可能退出历史的舞台。1What would happen to television according to Vint Cerf?ATelevision would come to an end.BTelevision would be replaced by the computer.CViewers would prefer watching TV programs downloaded on their computers.DMost people would prefer the Internet to television.解析细节理解题。依据其次段第一句中的“viewers would soon be downloading most favorite programs onto their computers.”可知，人们宠爱将最宠爱的节目下载到电脑上进行观看，因此选C。答案C2“iPod moment” refers to the time when_.Apeople can enjoy the live broadcast of televisionBpeople can download content to look at laterCall programs are recorded with careful planDthe computer and television are closely combined解析推理推断题。依据其次段叙述可知，像把音乐下载到iPod一样，人们能将最宠爱的电视节目下载到电脑上，稍后观看，故B项正确。答案B3According to the last paragraph，Mr Cerf held the idea that_.Athe Internet will collapse with many people downloading programs at the same timeBthe Net will collapse when people all around the world start to use it all togetherCthe Internet service will break down with many videos watched over the InternetDpeoples downloading TV programs on their computers wont cause the collapse of the Internet解析推理推断题。依据最终一段内容尤其是第一句可知，Mr Cerf认为即使人们把电视节目下载到电脑中，也不会导致网络瘫痪。答案D阅读理解。Air pollution is damaging 60% of Europes prime wildlife sites in meadows, forests and bushes, according to a new report.A team of EU scientists said nitrogen emissions(氮排放) from cars, factories and farming were threatening biodiversity. Its the second report this week warning of the on-going risks and threats linked to nitrogen pollution.Nitrogen in the atmosphere is harmless in its inert(惰性的) state, but the report says reactive forms of nitrogen, largely produced by human activity, can be a menace to the natural world.Emissions mostly come from vehicle exhausts(排气), factories, artificial fertilizers(肥料) and animal waste from intensive farming. The reactive nitrogen they emit to the air disrupts the environment in two ways: It can make acidic soils too acidic to support their previous mix of species. But primarily, because nitrogen is a fertilizer, it favors wild plants that can maximize the use of nitrogen to help them grow. In effect, some of the nitrogen spread to fertilize crops is carried in the atmosphere to fertilize weeds, possibly a great distance from where the chemicals were first applied.The effects of fertilization and acidification favor common aggressive species like grasses, brambles and nettles. They harm more delicate species like mosses(苔藓), and insect-eating sundew plants.The report said 60% of wildlife sites were now receiving a critical load of reactive nitrogen. The reports lead author, Dr Kevin Hicks from the University of Yorks Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), told BBC News that Englands Peak District had a definitely low range of species as a result of the reactive nitrogen that fell on the area.“Nitrogen creates a rather big problem that seems to me to have been given too little attention,” he said. “Governments are responsible for protecting areas like this, but they are clearly failing.” He said more research was needed to understand the knock-on effects for creatures from the changes in vegetation accidentally caused by emissions from cars, industry and farms. At the conference, the representatives agreed “The Edinburgh Declaration on Reactive Nitrogen”. The document highlights the importance of reducing reactive nitrogen emissions to the environment, adding that the benefits of reducing nitrogen outweigh the costs of taking action.5. The underlined word “menace” is used to express that the reactive nitrogen, largely produced by human activity can be _.A. frighteningB. threateningC. uniqueD. unusual6. We can infer from the passage that _.A. its harmless to have reactive nitrogen existing in the atmosphereB. reactive nitrogen emissions help aggressive species less than cropsC. the harm to those delicate species has a negative impact on biodiversityD. reactive nitrogen can fertilize soils and keep their biodiversity7. The team of EU scientists released the second report of nitrogen emissions this week when _.A. no action was taken to stop nitrogen emissionB. governments were willing to protect areas harmed by nitrogen C. “The Edinburgh Declaration on Reactive Nitrogen” was agreedD. nitrogen emissions were threatening wildlife sites biodiversity8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Keeping Away From Nitrogen EmissionsB. Stopping Nitrogen EmissionsC. Air Pollution Damaging Europes WildlifeD. Saving Europes Wildlife【参考答案】5、B 68、CDC