资源描述
Ⅰ.体验高考
(2022·安徽)Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big，tough African elephants running away，a new study says.Beehives (蜂窝)—either recorded or real—may even prevent elephants from damaging farmers' crops.
In 2002，scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmers to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms，she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away.
Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family.
From a distance，Lucy switched on the prerecorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups，only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees.Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them.When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families，the animals were undisturbed.Even after four minutes，most of the groups stayed in one place.
Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know，but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.
【语篇导读】 本文叙述了科学家Lucy King和她的团队发觉大象可怕发怒的蜜蜂，并且做试验来证明这个事情的故事。
1．We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of ________.
A．loud noises B．some crops
C．video cameras D．angry bees
解析 事实细节题。依据文章第一段“Recordings of angry bees are...farmers' crops”可知生气的蜜蜂是大象所可怕的。故选D。
答案 D
2. As mentioned in the passage，Lucy ________.
A．works by herself in Africa
B．needs to test more elephant groups
C．has stopped elephants eating crops
D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms
解析 事实细节题。依据文章最终一段中“Lucy is now studying...she hasn't tested enough groups yet to know”可知Lucy需要对更多的象群进行试验，故选B。
答案 B
3．Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive?
A．To record the sound of bees.
B．To make a video of elephants.
C．To see if elephants would run away.
D．To find out more about the behavior of bees.
解析 事实细节题。依据文章第三段中“Lucy found a wild beehive...and set up a recorder”和第四段中“Lucy switched on the prerecorded sound...a video camera.”可知Lucy向野蜂窝扔石头是为了激怒蜜蜂以便录下它们的声音。故选A。
答案 A
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Young elephants ignore African honeybees.
B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place.
C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.
D．Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields.
解析 事实细节题。依据文章其次段“In 2002，scientist Lucy King and her team...living in them”一句，可知大象不敢靠近住有蜜蜂的树。故选C。
答案 C
Ⅱ.仿真、模拟
Passage 1
体裁：说明文 话题：广告信息 时间：6分钟
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【语篇导读】 这是一则有关订购廉价机票的广告。
1．If you like to enjoy wonderful nights with friends，you'll probably book the ticket to ______.
A．New York or San Francisco
B．New York or Sydney
C．Chinatown or Bondi Beach
D．Sydney or San Francisco
解析 细节理解题。依据Cheap Flights to San Francisco下面的“There's no shortage of amazing nightlife with restaurants，night clubs，and bars of every description.”以及Cheap Flights to Sydney下面的“charming nightlife”可知，在这两个地方可以享受秀丽的夜晚。故答案为D。
答案 D
2．According to the passage，Sydney is best known for ______.
A．its beaches and surfing
B．its business as well as arts
C．the Opera House
D．the Botanic Gardens
解析 细节理解题。依据Cheap Flights to Sydney下面的“Famous for its golden beaches and truly worldclass surf，Sydney offers the best outdoor activities.”可知A项正确。
答案 A
3．How can you book the flight tickets?
A．By phone.
B．On the Internet.
C．With a personal visit.
D．Through a hotel.
解析 细节理解题。依据其次段“Call us for cheap air ticket deals on flights from all UK airports.”以及最终一段中的“Call us now to get this cheap flight deal.”可知，可以通过打电话订到廉价的机票。
答案 A
4．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce three famous cities.
B．To attract tourists to book flights.
C．To introduce some travel experts.
D．To recommend tourist activities.
解析 写作意图推断题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过介绍几个不同地方的旅游特色来吸引更多的人订购廉价的机票。故答案为B。
答案 B
Passage 2
体裁：说明文 话题：旅游世界 时间：7分钟
(2022·吉林长春调研)Europe is home to a variety of cultural treasures.Lonely Planet，the world's largest travel guide publisher，has offered pairs of cities for culturehungry but timepoor travelers.
London and Paris
It takes you about two hours to travel from London to Paris by Eurostar，a highspeed railway service.The two capital cities have been competing in fashion，art and nightlife for decades—but each secretly looks up to the other.
No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris' Louvre Museum，but if you want to save money，you cannot skip the British Museum free to visit.Compared with London，Paris has more outdoor attractions such as the beautiful green walkway La Promenade Plantée.
In Paris，you'll see diners linger over red wine.While in London，you can try some afternoon tea，eat fish and chips or salted cake.
Vienna and Bratislava
Austrian capital Vienna and Slovakian city Bratislava are an hour apart by train.But since they are linked by the Danube River，the best way to travel is by ship.A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from 17th century's Habsburg Dynasty splendor to scifi restaurants.
Vienna is famous for Mozart and imperial palaces.You can appreciate the perfect blending of architecture and nature in the grand Schonbrunn Palace，and reward yourself with a cup of Vienna coffee，which has made its way to the world's cultural heritage list.
Bratislava is best known for its fine dining—the remarkable UFO restaurant.You can enjoy a meatladen dinner here in an amazing setting.
【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了两组对于旅游者来说不容错过的欧洲城市——伦敦和巴黎，维也纳和布拉迪斯拉发。
1．What's the relationship between London and Paris according to the text?
A．They help each other.
B．They attack each other.
C．They admire each other.
D．They don't like each other.
解析 细节理解题。依据London and Paris下面的“but each secretly looks up to the other”可知，这两座城市相互鄙视，因此选C。
答案 C
2．What are the advantages of Paris mentioned in the article?
a．The Louvre Museum.
b．Free access to museums.
c．More outdoor attractions.
d．Better wines and perfumes.
A．ac B．cd
C．acd D．bcd
解析 细节理解题。依据London and Paris下面的“No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris' Louvre Museum”可知a被提及了；依据本段中的“Paris has more outdoor attractions”可知c被提及了。而文中关于巴黎的优点并没有提到b和d，因此选A。
答案 A
3．Which of the cities should you choose if you are interested in scifi restaurants?
A．London. B．Paris.
C．Glasgow. D．Bratislava.
解析 细节理解题。依据Vienna and Bratislava 下面的“A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from...to scifi restaurants.”和“Bratislava is best known for its fine dining—the remarkable UFO restaurant.”可推知，D项正确。
答案 D
4．Lonely Planet recommends these two pairs of cities because ______.
A．they are not expensive to visit
B．they are best known to the world
C．they are always enemies between each other
D．they are close but different in many aspects
解析 推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Lonely Planet，the world's largest travel guide publisher，has offered pairs of cities for culturehungry but timepoor travelers.”并结合下文可知，每组中的两个城市相距不远，比较节省时间，而且它们有着不同的文化，因此才推举给旅游者。故选D。
答案 D
Passage 3
体裁：谈论文 话题：社会文化 时间：7分钟
(2022·山西高三四校联考)Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意识形态) that biology is destiny.According to this ideology，basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes.These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life.Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally.Thus，they are naturally suited，much more so than men，to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.A woman's place，under normal circumstances，is within the protective environment of the home.Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles，such as wife and mother and homemaker.On the other hand，men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics，where serious responsibilities must be taken on.Men are to be the providers；women and children are “dependents”．
The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex.It is appropriate for women，not men，to be employed as nurses，social workers，elementary school teachers，household helpers，clerks and secretaries.These positions are simply an extension of women's domestic role.Informal distinctions between “women's work” and “men's work”in the labor force，according to the ideology，are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.
Finally，the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way.For the human species to survive over time，its members must regularly reproduce.Thus，women must，whether at home or in the labor force，make the most of their physical appearances.
So goes the ideology.It is，of course，not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sexdefined roles in social life.There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society，and those_role_differences_that_do_exist_are_largely_learned.
But to some degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intends men and women to make different contributions to society，so sexdefined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.
【语篇导读】 本文论述了男女性别差异的根源，认为男女在社会中所扮演的不同的角色是由男女之间生理和心理两方面的差异造成的。
1．According to the biologyisdestiny ideology，women ______.
A．cannot compete with men in any field
B．are more suited to domestic jobs than men
C．are sensitive enough to be a good caretaker
D．are too weak to do any agricultural work at all
解析 细节理解题。依据第一段中的“Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally.Thus，they are naturally suited，much more so than men，to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties.”可知，女性比男性更适合做家务，选择B项。
答案 B
2．Those who have prejudices against women think that ______.
A．women shouldn't go out for work
B．women should earn money to add the family income
C．women going out for work should only do “women's work”
D．women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex
解析 细节理解题。依据其次段的第一句“The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex.”可知，对女性有偏见的人认为，那些想走出家门到外面工作的女性自然应当只做适合女性的工作。
答案 C
3．The author thinks that the positions women hold outside________.
A．are determined by what they are better suited to
B．grow out of their household responsibilities
C．represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination
D．are physically and emotionally suitable to them
解析 细节理解题。依据其次段中的“These positions are simply an extension of women's domestic role.”可知，女性在外面所从事的工作仅仅是女性家庭角色的一种延长，因此选择B。
答案 B
4．What does the underlined sentence imply?
A．Sex roles are socially determined.
B．Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined.
C．Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined.
D．Sex roles are determined by education people take.
解析 句意理解题。依据前文可知，有大量的证据表明在不同的社会中男女所扮演的角色也各不相同。该句示意性别角色也是由社会因素打算的，应选择A。
答案 A
Passage 4
体裁：记叙文 话题：人生百态 时间：7分钟
The Olympic medal ceremonies have already begun.But some athletes hardly disguise their disappointment when silver and not gold is hung around their necks.The British judo silver medallist Neil Adams calls his two from the 1980s “loser's medals”．
Until four years ago，they were in a box at the back of a cupboard.His wife then had them framed for his 50th birthday and they are now up on the wall.
Adams feels proud when he looks at them，but his thoughts quickly turn to “what ifs”．“I wouldn't change much”，he adds.And he wouldn't need to.Gold was within his grasp twice，but slipped away by a narrow margin on the judo mat.
“The losses at the Olympic Games were the most difficult thing for me to accept，” he said.“I didn't win the silver medal.I lost the gold.In my mind they were losses.It has taken more than 30 years to get over it.”
Mark Cavendish，Jessica Ennis and Mo Farah have never won Olympic gold，but they came into London 2022 as three of Team GB's biggest medal hopes.Unfortunately，Cavendish has already suffered disappointment in the cycling road race.Neil Adams was in that same position in both the 1980 and 1984 games.However，in a career in which he collected every other judo accolade，things simply went wrong at the Olympic
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