2020届高考英语(全国通用)二轮复习钻石卷-早读晚练4-3-Word版含解析.docx

周三　早读晚练
晚练语法　第24练　名词性从句
时间：12分钟　 分值：20分
1．(2021·呼和浩特二调)We are so sorry for that. We'll try to determine exactly ________ went wrong that evening.
A. whose B. what
C. which D. how
答案与解析　B　句意：我们格外愧疚。我们将努力去推断那天晚上到底是什么出错了。what相当于the thing that，作determine的宾语，且作went wrong的主语。whose只作定语； which作连接代词； how作状语，均不符合题意。故B项正确。
2．(2021·河北质检二)Miodrag Soric writes that if America wants to understand ________ the world has become less safe since 9·11, it needs to look inside.
A. where B. when
C. why D. while
答案与解析　C　句意：米奥德拉格·索里克写道：假如美国想明白为什么自“9·11”大事以来世界变得担忧全了，它需要反思自己。本题考查宾语从句，该宾语从句缺少缘由状语，故用why引导。
3．(2021·东北三校一模)________ our parents demand of us to understand is that we study hard for the development of our country.
A. That B. As
C. How D. What
答案与解析　D　句意：我们的父母要求我们要懂得我们努力学习是为了我们国家的进展。“________ our parents demand of us to understand”为主语从句，设空处作understand的宾语，且表示“事物”，故用what引导。
4．(2021·安徽蚌埠一次质检)________ you are supposed to do ________ you don't like a thing is change it. Don't complain.
A. That; why B. What; when
C. What; where D. That; how
答案与解析　B　句意：当你不宠爱一件事情时，你应当做的是转变它。不要埋怨。“________ you are supposed to do”为主语从句，该从句缺少宾语，表示“事物”且语境中并无选择含义，故用what引导；“________ you don't like a thing”为时间状语从句，作are supposed to do的状语，说明其时间，故用when引导。由于主语从句“What you are supposed to do”中含实义动词do，故is后的表语需为省去不定式符号的不定式，故change作表语。
5．(2021·安徽名校联考)________ some students are not aware of is ________ difficult life can be if they are not devoted to study.
A. That; how B. Which; what
C. What; what D. What; how
答案与解析　D　句意：一些同学没有意识到的是假如他们不认真学习，生活可能会是多么的难。“________ some students are not aware of”为主语从句，该从句缺少宾语，表示“事物”且语境中并无选择含义，故用what引导；“________ difficult life can be”为表语从句，其中life为主语，设空处后为形容词，故用how引起。本题易误选C项，考生误以为其次空后的difficult life为名词，故用what引导，但是假如那样的话“________ difficult life can be”便没了主语，也就不能成为一个从句，其次空如填what，应改为： what difficult life it can be。
6．(2021·浙江宁波十校联考)Word came that free souvenirs would be given to ________ comes first.
A. no matter who B. whomever
C. no matter whom D. whoever
答案与解析　D　句意：消息传来，无论是谁，第一个来的人将会得到免费的纪念品。no matter＋who/whom/what/which等结构只能引导让步状语从句，而who/whom/what/which等＋­ever既可以引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句，故排解选项A、C。在________ comes first这个宾语从句中缺少主语，故选D。
7．(2021·济南高考模拟)I'm trying to look ahead at ________ might happen in future and be ready to handle it.
A. which B. that
C. what D. as
答案与解析　C　句意：我努力向前看将来可能会发生的事，并且预备好解决它。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用what。
8．(2021·河南适应性测试)Ram explained to his mother ________ he would get home late that night because of extra work.
A. that B. which
C. what D. whether
答案与解析　A　句意：Ram向母亲解释说，那天晚上由于有额外的作业，他回家会晚一些。分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导。
9．(2021·乐山一调)— Many online games are full of violence which do harm to the development of the children.
— And that's ________ my concern lies.
A. what B. which
C. that D. where
答案与解析　D　句意：——很多网上玩耍布满暴力，那对孩子的成长有害。——那正是我的忧虑所在。lie是不及物动词，故应用连接副词引导表语从句， what和which为连接代词， that为从属连词，引导表语从句时无实义，且不作任何成分，因此选where。
10．(2021·辽宁大连双基测试)— When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.
— That's ________ we differ.
A. how B. what
C. which D. where
答案与解析　D　句意：——选家具的时候，你只关注功能而我却更多地考虑它的设计。——那就是我们不同的地方。依据句意可知应选D项，where在表语从句中作地点状语。
11．(2021·北京东城一模)________ is known to all that our class has won the first prize in the match.
A. As B. What
C. It D. That
答案与解析　C　这个句子的谓语动词是is, that引导的从句是真正的主语，故选C项。it是形式主语，代替后面that 引导的主语从句。It is known to all that ...“众所周知……”。
12．(2021·山东淄博一模)Being unique should be encouraged because that's ________ makes our society a society.
A. that B. what
C. who D. which
答案与解析　B　句意：有共性、有特色是应当受到鼓舞的，由于只有这样才使得我们的社会成为一个社会。所选项引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语，指事物，故用what。
13．(2021·山西忻州试验中学一模)The question ________ you should take this medicine should be decided by your family doctor.
A. why B. if
C. whether D. that
13．(2021·北京西城二模)It is not clear ________ the reform on reducing the burden on students can really work.
A．since B．what
C．that D．whether
答案与解析　D　句意：同学减负改革是否起作用还不清楚。it为形式主语，真正的主语是横线及后面的句子，从句在意义上缺少“是否”，故选whether。
14．(2021·东北三省第一次大联考)People don't doubt ________ 2021 will bring more changes when the world economy is still unclear.
A. what B. that
C. how D. whether
答案与解析　B　句意：人们毫不怀疑，世界经济形势照旧不明朗，2021年将会有更多的变化。动词doubt后的从句为宾语从句，引导从句的词在从句中不作成分，故用that。
15．(2021·北京海淀区二模)— I love Joana! She was standing by me when I was challenged in yesterday's debate.
— That's ________ a real friend is for.
A．what B．how
C．why D．who
答案与解析　A　答句句意：真正的伴侣就是这样。空处引导从句作表语，且在从句中作介词for的宾语，故用what引导表语从句。
16．(2021·焦作一模)________ song Jay Chou sings will become popular pretty soon.
A. What B. Whatever
C. Whose D. Whichever
答案与解析　B　句意：周杰伦唱的任何歌曲都会很快流行。四个选项都可以作连接词修饰名词song，但依据句意，只有whatever合适。
17．(2021·南通一模)________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved until now.
A. How B. When
C. Where D. Whether
答案与解析　D　句意：外太空是否有像地球上一样的生物直到现在还未被证明。分析句子结构和句意，不难发觉Whether最合适。
18．(2021·资阳三模)— Sorry, I'm late for class again.
— Is it ________ you stayed up last night?
A. why B. how
C. because D. when
答案与解析　C　句意：——对不起，我又上课迟到了。——是不是由于你昨晚熬夜了？依据句意，首先排解B、D选项； why引导从句，表示结果； because引导从句，表示缘由。本句中熬夜是上课迟到的缘由，所以选because。
19．(2021·桂林二模)People in Tianjin are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past few years.
A. that B. which
C. what D. how
答案与解析　C　句意：天津人为他们在过去几年里取得的成就感到傲慢。空处引导从句作介词of的宾语，且在从句中作动词achieved的宾语，故选what。
20．(2021·长春三模)People have come to understand ________ prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.
A. why is it that B. what is it that
C. why it is that D. what it is that
答案与解析　D　understand后是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，故先排解A、B；从句中含有强调句，且强调主语，故C不对。因此选择what it is that。
早读背诵　热点写作话题(十一)　人物描写
A话题单词
1．selfless adj. 无私的
2．active adj. 乐观的；活跃的
3．devote vt.(与to连用)献身
4．found vt. 建立；建设
5．peaceful adj. 和平的；安静的
6．diligent adj. 勤奋的
7．clever adj. 聪慧的
8．creative adj. 富有制造力的
9．determined adj. 坚决的
10．aggressive adj. 有进取心的
11．popular adj. 受欢迎的
12．qualified adj. 有资格的
13．optimistic adj. 乐观的
14．attractive adj. 有魅力的
15．easy­going adj. 随和的
16．educate vt. 训练；训练
17．humorous adj. 幽默的
18．confident adj. 有信念的
19．reward n. 酬劳；奖金　vt.酬劳
20．patient adj. 有急躁的
21．imagination n. 想象
特殊关注 1.determine(3年2考)

Determined never to return, he left the city.
打算永不复返，他离开了那个城市。
I am determined to find out who is responsible for this.
我决意要弄清楚谁该对此负责任。
2．devote(3年2考)
(1)devote＋to (doing) sth.
(2)
(3)devotion n. 深爱；忠诚；奉献；献身
After he has retired, he'll devote energy to gardening.
退休后他将把精力放在园艺上。
B话题短语
1．be born in 诞生在 2.put one's heart into 把心思用在
3．graduate from 毕业 4.as a matter of fact 事实上
5．take courage 需要士气 e to power 当权；上台
7．show great interest in 对……感爱好 8.have a gift for 有……的天赋
9．lead/contribute to 导致 10.solve the problem of 解决……问题
11．fight for 为……而战 12.go against the law 违反法律
13．be willing to do sth. 乐于做…… 14.major in sth. 主修
15．do research on 对……做争辩 16.care little about 对……不在乎
17．reward sb. with sth.用某物奖赏某人 18.be alive in one's heart 活在……心中
19．work until midnight 工作到深夜 20.rely/depend on 依靠；依靠
C话题佳句
1．Born into a poor family, he suffered a lot in his childhood.
诞生在一个贫困的家庭，他在童年时代受了很多苦。
2．Li Hua always treats people with respect and love.
李华总是以敬重和关爱对待人们。
3．She put her heart and soul into the work.
她将全部心思用在工作上。
4．By being devoted to what he does no matter how boring it is, he sets a good example to us.
不管事情有多枯燥，他都会通过全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。
5．It is his perseverance that leads to his great success.
就是他的坚持不懈才使得他成功。