资源描述
阅读理解。
The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）,philosophy cannot be defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.
Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and period in the development of philosophy.
Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other discoveries. And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.
There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quantity of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for position of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very shortsighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.
1.According to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .
A.social sciences B.natural sciences
C.both social and natural sciences D.the subject matter of politics
2.With the study of philosophy, you can .
A.become a great leader B.succeed in everything
C.find a good job soon after graduation D.make progress in your career development
3.According to the passage, which of the follwing statements is TRUE?
A.Philosophy is an independent discipline.
B.Logic helps you to become a better thinker.
C.The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.
D.The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.
4. From the passage, we can conclude
A.not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B.a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy
C.philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D.philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world
【参考答案】C D B C
人物传记型阅读理解(一)
There has been an outpouring of love for, a 23yearold disabled woman whose dog was killed in front of her while a groomer (美容师) tried to trim (修剪) its claws.
Calls and emails came from as far away as the Upper Peninsula and Arizona as well as Oakland and Macomb counties, offering Laurie Crouch, who uses a wheelchair because of multiple sclerosis (硬化症), everything from dogs to money, such as that from Jason Daly of Roseville who said, “I would like to buy her a new dog.”
A story about the death of Crouch’s pet, Gooch, was
printed on the front page of Macomb Daily.Crouch said a groomer tied Gooch up with a collar, and then she and a man sat on the dog to trim its nails.Gooch died after one claw was trimmed.
Crouch yelled at the groomer to stop when she saw Gooch was struggling to breathe, but she said she was ignored.“If I could have walked, I would have put my hands on her and pulled her off my dog and physically stopped her, but I can’t do that.” Gooch was not a trained service animal, but naturally helped Crouch by picking up things for her.
“This case is absolute animal abuse (虐待)，” Larry Obrecht, division manager of the Oakland County Animal Shelter in Auburn Hills, said.
People who read the story contacted Oakland Press to offer help.A message, from Rebecca Amett of Giggles N Wiggles PuppyRescue, in Roseville, said, “We have puppies to donate and want to help the young woman who lost her service dog.”
“When Gooch was with me, I was happy，” Crouch said.“I think I can be happy again but no animal can replace Gooch.There’s never going to be another Gooch out there but I think I will find a dog that can bring me joy again.”
( )1.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．A disabled woman’s service dog.
B．A cruel groomer killed a disabled woman’sdog.
C．People’s love for a disabled woman who lost her dog.
D．A disabled woman loves to have the dog as company.
( )2.People called and emailed to ________.
A．give their angry voice to the groomer
B．offer help and care to Laurie Crouch
C．tell Crouch how to punish the groomer
D．offer a cure for Crouch’s disease
( )3.Gooch died mainly because ________.
A．the groomer was careless
B．the groomer didn’t know how to trim the dog’s nails
C．the groomer sat on the dog with another man
D．the dog was wearing a collar
( )4.What do we know about Crouch’s dog?
A．It was a specially trained service dog.
B．It was trained to do many things for people.
C．It was Crouch’s only friend.
D．It could offer some help to Crouch.
( )5.We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．Crouch must be sad after losing her dog
B．Crouch refused to take another dog
C．Crouch has accepted another dog from a stranger
D．Crouch can live well without a dog’s company
【解析】 一位23岁的残疾女士，她的狗被宠物美容师压死以后，人们纷纷打电话或者发电子邮件劝慰她，并表示情愿为她供应挂念。
1．C 主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，文章主要叙述了人们对这位失去爱狗的残疾女士的关爱。
2．B 细节理解题。从文章其次段everything from dogs to money, such as that from Jason Daly of Roseville who said, “I would like to buy her a new dog.”和倒数其次段可知B为正确选项。
3．C 细节理解题。从文章第三段可知，宠物美容师和另外一个人坐在狗身上最终导致狗窒息而死。
4．D 细节理解题。从文章第四段可知，Gooch虽然没有经过特殊训练，但能够为Crouch捡东西，给她供应一些挂念。
5．A 推理推断题。从文章最终一段可知，Crouch认为没有狗会替代她原来的狗，因此推断狗死了以后，她很难过。
【陕西省2022五校联考】
阅读下列四篇短文, 从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Food picked up just a few seconds after being dropped is less likely to contain bacteria than if it is left for longer periods of time, according to the findings of research carried out at Aston University’s School of Life and Health Sciences. The findings suggest there may be some scientific basis to the “5 second rule” – the belief about it being fine to eat food that has only had contact with the floor for five seconds or less. Although people have long followed the 5 second rule, until now it was unclear whether it actually helped.
The study, undertaken by final year Biology students and led by Anthony Hilton, Professor of Microbiology at Aston University, monitored the transfer of the common bacteria from a variety of indoor flooring types (carpet, cement floor etc.) to toast, pasta, a biscuit and a sticky sweet when contact was made from 3 to 30 seconds. The results showed that: Time is a significant factor in the transfer of bacteria from a floor surface to a piece of food; and the type of flooring the food has been dropped on has an effect, with bacteria least likely to transfer from carpeted surfaces and most likely to transfer from cement flooring surfaces to moist(湿的) foods making contact for more than 5 seconds. Professor Hilton said: “Consuming food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk as it very much depends on which bacteria are present on the floor at the time.”
The Aston team also carried out a survey of the number of people who employ the 5 second rule. The survey showed that: 87% of people surveyed said they would eat food dropped on the floor, or already have done so. 55% of those who would eat or have eaten food dropped on the floor are women. 81% of the women who would eat food from the floor would follow the 5 second rule. Professor Hilton added, “Our study showed that a surprisingly large majority of people are happy to consume dropped food, with women the most likely to do so. But they are also more likely to follow the 5 second rule.”
57. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. A toast dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor.
B. A sticky chocolate dropped on the carpet is easier to be polluted than that dropped on the cement floor within 5 seconds.
C. The food dropped on the carpet shares the same potential of being polluted with the food dropped on the cement floor.
D. The food dropped on the cement floor is not as safe as food dropped on the carpet within 30 seconds.
58. Eating food dropped on the floor still carries an infection risk because it relies on _________ at that time.
A. the type of bacteria B. the carpet
C. the cement floor D. the surface of table
59. The passage is developed probably by __________.
A. time B. space C. contrast D. example
60. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The food which is dropped on the floor can be eaten safely.
B. The bacteria have no negative effect on the safety of food.
C. A research on the safety of food dropped on the floor is undertaken.
D. People surveyed in the research are willing to accept the idea.
【参考答案】57-60 DACC
语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】
W：Where are you going to spend your holiday this year, Bob?
M：We may go abroad ，__1__I'm not so sure.
W：What do you mean?
M：Well, my wife's talking about Egypt recently. She may want to go there. I'd like to go there，__2__.
W：Yes, it's an interesting country__3__(see)．
M: But we can't make up__4__minds yet. You know, a roundtrip ticket to Egypt costs a lot.
W：But you may go by sea.
M：You're right. It's__5__(cheap), isn't it?
W：You may save at least half of the money if you go by ship.
M：But don't you think it would take__6__long time and…
W：But you can enjoy the scene of the sea and the__7__(rise) sun.
M：Yes, I'll tell my wife.
W：You'll definitely enjoy__8__， I'm sure.
M：Don't be so sure. We may not go__9__.
W：You always hesitate at everything.
M：It's not my fault, you know. My wife always worries too much.
W：Like what?
M：Well...Who is going to look after the house? Who is going to look after the garden? And who is going to look after the pets? We have these__10__(problem) every year. And in the end we stay at home and look after everything.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.but 2.too 3.to see 4.our 5.cheaper
6.a 7.rising 8.yourselves 9.anywhere 10.problems
语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】
Ms. Mary was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like half her age. She loved driving very fast, and boasted of the fact__1__she had never, in her thirtyfive years of driving, been punished__2__a driving mistake.
Then one day, she nearly lost her record. A police car followed her, and the policemen in it saw her pass a red light without__3__(stop)．
When Ms. Mary came before the judge, he looked at her severely and said that she was too old to drive a car, and that the reason__4__she had not stopped at red light was most probably that her eyes had become weak__5__old age, so that she had simply not seen it.
When the judge had finished__6__he was saying, Ms. Mary opened the big handbag she was carrying and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she__7__(choose) a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at the first time.
When she had__8__(success) done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed both the needle and thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your turn. I suppose you can drive a car well, and you have no doubts__9__your eyesight.”
The judge took the needle and tried to thread it. After half a dozen times, he had still not succeeded. The case against Ms. Mary__10__(dismiss), and her record remained unbroken.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：1.that 2.for 3.stopping 4.why 5.with
6.what 7.chose 8.successfully 9.about 10.was dismissed
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