资源描述
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Sometimes, the simplest ideas are the best. For example, to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt(柏油) roads?
Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.
The heat-collector is a system of connected water pipes. Most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground.
When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer(蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers(交换器) have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the ground-water, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store.
In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.
1. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?
A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.
B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.
C. The Dutch engineer’s system has been widely used.
D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.
2. For what purpose are the diving pipes used?
A. To absorb heat from the sun. B. To store heat for future use.
C. To turn solar energy into heat energy. D. To carry heat down below the surface.
3. From the last paragraph we can learn that .
A. some pipes have to be re-arranged in winter
B. the system can do more than warming up the building
C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface
D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer
4. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong.
B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.
C. How the system cools the building in summer.
D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.
【参考答案】1-4 DDBC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers(慢跑者). They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evenings. There were little old ladies in gray sweats, young couples in Adidas shoes, middle-aged men with red faces. “Come on!” My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening. “You’ll feel great.”
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I’m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet take a real pounding（追击）running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn’t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn’t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, “I love being out there with just my thoughts. ” Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn’t just the first week; it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn’t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don’t jog any more, and I don’t think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I’m getting exercise, and I’m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I’ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
1. From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer’s neighborhood ______.
A. people jogged only during the daytime
B. jogging provided a chance to get together
C. jogging became very popular
D. Alex organized an army of joggers
2. The underlined word “them”(Paragraph 3) most probably refers to _____.
A. physical weaknesses B. heart attack C. back problems D. famous joggers
3. What was the writer’s attitude towards jogging in the beginning?
A. He was very fond of it. B. He felt it was worth a try.
C. He was strongly against it. D. He thought it must be painful.
【参考答案】1—5、CABCD
阅读理解。
When the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on the Amstel River .You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi.
But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops, tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.
Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they are all within a short cab ride of each other.
For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is the Royal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.
But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seeker, hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs in Europe. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don’t shut down until 4 am.
And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don’t worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions.
And you will notice that half the people in streets are on bicycles. They rent for US $17 to $20 for a whole day.
Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between US $2 and $9.50, you can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the “Venice of the North”.
You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow sour-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are several centuries old.
You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking. Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.
The city has an appreciation of its historic post. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne’s original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.
6. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that______.
A. Parties go on all day long in Amsterdam B. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors
C. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city D. Amsterdam presents two different pictures
7. Which tourist attraction is mentioned in detail in Paragraphs Four and five?
A. Royal palace. B. Dam Square. C. Club Paradiso. D. Magns Plaza.
8. What the author`s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To attract people to visit Amsterdam
B. To share his experiences with readers
C. To list the places of interest in Amsterdam
D. To introduce the residents life in Amsterdam
9. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPT_______.
A. they show hospitality B. they can speak English
C. they are party goers D. they are fond of cycling
10. Which of the following words can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?
A. Delightful B. Quiet C. Historic D. Modern
【参考答案】6—10、DBACA
【2021高考复习】任务型读写
Almost everyone has many good wishes and beautiful dreams. Some may want to improve their living conditions, some may want to receive good education and some may want to become wealthy and successful. Though many people think that there is a short cut to success, I hold a different view. I always believe that wealth and success can only be gained by working hard, firm faith and good attitude. I have met different people who have gained wealth and success eventually and I want to share their keys to success. I hope the words below can really help you when you are pursuing wealth and success.
Before doing any practical things, you should adjust your attitude first. Keeping a good attitude is a key to pursuing wealth and success. During the process of chasing wealth and success you will definitely encounter obstacles and failures, if you have a bad attitude, you will feel frustrated and even want to give up your dreams. Positive and healthy attitude allows you to remain confident even in difficult conditions.
Clear goals and objective are essential to the success of any business. All wealthy and successful people have a common feature—they all have clear goals. If one has a clear goal, he may know how to achieve the goal and his job will be filled with opportunities. Contrarily speaking, without a clear goal, one may have no idea how to achieve wealth and success.
Rich knowledge can be considered as the building blocks of success. Besides good attitude, rich knowledge also helps you a lot when you are facing difficulties and obstacles. You need knowledge to plan your goals, solve problems and gain wealth and success. Once you set your goals, you need to learn new knowledge to achieve the goals.
Wealth and success can not be achieved without persistent effort. If you want to become a marathon champion, you need to practice every day. Similarly, if you want to become wealthy and successful, you need to work hard until you succeed. Wealth and success always favor those who have a strong will power.
Maybe you do not agree with this point. You may think that luck is beyond your control or you can gain wealth and success without luck. But I want to tell you that you can control your luck and it also influences your success. You can build relationships with other people as many as possible to enhance your luck.
【语篇解读】 生活中我们每一个人都憧憬成功和财宝，但是是不是每一个人都能拥有呢？让我们来看看这篇文章给我们提出了哪些建议吧！
20．keys [本文讲的是拥有成功和财宝的方法有哪些。第一段倒数其次句“...and
I want to share their keys to success”有示意。]
21．beneficial/helpful [依据文章第一段最终一句“I hope the words below can
really help you when you are pursuing wealth and success.”可知答案。]
22．encountering/meeting/facing [依据其次段第三句“...you will definitely
encounter...”可知答案。在追寻成功与财宝的过程中，你确定会患病困难与失
败，假如没有一个好的心态，你会有挫败感甚至放弃幻想。]
23．confidence [依据其次段最终一句“Positive and healthy attitude allows you to
remain confident even in difficult conditions”．可知答案。]
24．ways [依据第三段中的“If one has a clear goal, he may know how to achieve
the goal and his job will be filled with opportunities. Contrarily speaking, without
a clear goal, one may have no idea how to achieve wealth and success.”可知答
案。]
25．learning [综合第四段中的“Besides good attitude, rich knowledge also helps
you a lot when you are facing difficulties and obstacles.”及“Once you set your
goals, you need to learn new knowledge to achieve the goals”可知答案。]
26．quit [依据倒数其次段的大意可知，我们要坚持不懈地努力才能达到我们的
目标。]
27．strongwilled [依据第五段最终一句“...who have a strong will power”可知答
案。]
28．Luck [最终一段讲到了运气对成功的影响。]
29．build/establish [由最终一段最终一句“You can build relationships with other
people as many as possible to enhance your luck”．可知答案。]
【上海市徐汇区2022诊断卷】任务型阅读
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. reassures
B. well
C. distinguish
D. encounter
E. objects
F. inoffensive
G. reveals
H. afterwards
I. implication
J. genuine
K. unpleasant
Telling Tales
“Here’s a nice bit of gossip!” Do I have your attention? Probably. We listen, but 41______ we often feel terrible with ourselves. That’s the problem with gossip: it’s something that as a social species we are primed to enjoy, but it can also be 42______ and harmful.
Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and 43______ the other person that our intentions are friendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchanging bits and pieces of news about ourselves and others, can be perfectly 44______. If I say to you, “Let’s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,” I’m inviting you to a social 45______ in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us.
But it’s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip, we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler 46______. A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out 47______. The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, but it’s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and bad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could 48______ the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip 49______ itself in its desire to make the 50______ of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference.
Now then, did you hear about ...
【参考答案】
41. H 42. K 43. A 44. F 45. D 46. I 47. B 48. C 49. G 50. E
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