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单元评估检测(一)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Stephen Hawking knew what he wanted to do by the time he was eight years old.His parents lived in London where his father was undertaking research into medicine.He did not want to follow his father as his parents hoped.Mathematics was not available at University College，so he did Physics instead.Stephen was interested in studying the universe.
But when he was 21，he was told that he had ALS—an incurable nerve disease，which affects walking，speaking，breathing，swallowing，etc..The doctors predicted that he had only a few years to live.“The doctors’grim prognosis made me determined to get the most from a life I had previously taken for granted and life was no longer boring for me.”Hawking says today，speaking from his wheelchair through a computerized voice synthesizer.
He didn’t die.Instead，as his physical condition worsened，Hawking’s reputation in scientific circles grew.Hawking himself acknowledges his disease as being a crucial factor in focusing his attention on what turned out to be his real strength：theoretical research.
In 1988，Stephen Hawking published a book called A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes.The book tries to explain many of Hawking’s physical and mathematical ideas and calculations without using maths.The book became a best seller and his later books，Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays and most recently in 2001，The Universe in a Nutshell.Of the four，the first one was made into a film in 1991.
Hawking says，“You have to be positive if you’re to get much sympathy or help.Nowadays，muscle power is obsolete.What we need is mind power—and disabled people are as good at that as anyone else.”
1．Which book of Stephen Hawking’s was made into a movie?
A．The Universe in a Nutshell.
B. Baby Universes and Other Essays.
C．Black Holes.
D．A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes.
解析：选D。细节理解题。依据第四段可知，霍金总共写了4本书，他的第一本书在1991年被拍成了电影。故选D项。
2．From the second paragraph，we can learn before his condition was diagnosed，Hawking________.
A．held an active attitude towards life
B．was very bored with life
C．had always been valuing time
D．was interested in everything around
解析：选B。推理推断题。依据其次段中的“The doctors’grim prognosis made me determined to get the most from a life I had previously taken for granted and life was no longer boring for me.”可知霍金在此之前对生活的态度并不乐观，觉得生活没有意思。
3．According to Hawking，his disease________.
A．stopped him making greater achievements
B．stopped him outweighing other famous scientists
C．caused him to focus all his attention on the research
D．caused him to lose the hope of life
解析：选C。推理推断题。依据第三段的末句可知霍金认为正是由于他的疾病才使得他把精力放在他最终擅长的领域。
4．What would be the best title of the passage?
A．Stephen Hawking and the universe
B．The brief history of Stephen Hawking
C．A disabled person worked wonders
D．Disabled people don’t lack mind power
解析：选B。主旨大意题。文章中提到了霍金对于所争辩领域的选择，他何时患病，患病后的态度以及所取得的成就，只有B项能够概括这些。
B
I was blind，but I was ashamed of it if it was known.I refused to use a white stick and hated asking for help.After all，I was a teenage girl，and I couldn’t bear people to look at me and think I was not like them.I must have been a terrible danger on the roads.Coming across me wandering through the traffic，motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes.Apart from that，there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.
One evening，I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to change buses，and as usual I ran into something.“I’m awfully sorry，”I said and stepped forward only to run into it again.When it happened a third time，I realized I had been apologizing to a lamp post.This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me.So I carried on and found the bus stop，which was a request stop，where the bus wouldn’t stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off.No one else was there and I had to try to guess if the bus had arrived.
Generally in this situation，because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help，I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.In the end，I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help.
But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop；it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus.Of course I heard plenty of buses pass，or I thought I did.But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself，I let them all go by.I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one.Then I gave up.I decided to walk on to the next stop.
【解题导语】 本文主要叙述了作者作为一名盲人乘车的经受。由于不愿让别人知道自己是一个盲人，作者在生活中遇到了很多麻烦。
5．The girl refused to ask for help because she thought________.
A．she might be recognized
B．asking for help looked silly
C．she was normal and independent
D．being found blind was embarrassing
解析：选D。细节理解题。由文章第一句“I was blind，but I was ashamed of it if it was known.”可知作者认为被别人发觉自己是个盲人是很难为情的。
6．At the request stop that evening，the girl________.
A．stopped a big lorry
B．stopped the wrong bus
C．made no attempt to stop the bus
D．was not noticed by other people
解析：选C。细节理解题。由最终一段中“I stood there alone for half an hour without stopping one。”可知作者由于担忧推断错误，当晚并没有尝试着叫停公交车。
7．What was the problem with guessing at the sound to stop a bus?
A．Other vehicles also stopped there.
B．It was unreliable for making judgments.
C．More lorries than buses responded to the girl.
D．It took too much time for the girl to catch the
bus.
解析：选B。细节理解题。由文中第三段“I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.”可知，依据声音来推断公交车的到来有时会失误。
8．Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop，hoping________.
A．to find people there
B．to find more buses there
C．to find the bus by herself there
D．to find people more helpful there
解析：选A。推理推断题。由于在这个站牌处没有等到车，也没有人可以求助，因此作者走向下一个站牌是期望可以在那里找到人。
C
According to a report，British people have the worst quality of life in Europe，because of the long hours，bad weather，low life expectancy(人均寿命) and high price of many consumer goods.In a study of ten of the largest European countries，Britain comes last followed by Ireland，with France and Spain topping the table.
Though British households enjoy the highest income，at ￡35,730 a year，￡10,325 higher than the European average，British families have to deal with a high cost of living，with fuel，food and alcohol all costing more than the European average.With petrol at ￡1.08 a litre，the UK is the second most expensive country in Europe.However，diesel (柴油)is more expensive in the UK than anywhere else in Europe—￡1.13 a litre.
The report by price comparison website uSwitch showed Britain suffers from the lowest number of holidays per year，well below Spain and spends less than the European average on health and education.It also has the 4th lowest life expectancy in Europe，well behind France，Italy and Sweden and workers retire later than most European countries.The study came less than a week after the UN moved Britain out of the top 20 list of most desirable countries to live in for the first time.
While France and Germany were initially hit hard by the global financial crisis，both have officially exited their recessions (衰退)，but Britain has yet to confirm that this has happened.Despite signs of recovery in the housing market，unemployment is predicted to have climbed to above 2.5 million for the first time since 1994.
Ann Robinson，a researcher，said，“We earn actually more than our European neighbors，but this level of income is needed just to keep a roof over our heads，food on the table，and our homes warm.It’s not helping us achieve the quality of life that people in other countries enjoy.”
【解题导语】 一项争辩显示，英国是欧洲生活质量最差的国家，这主要表现在工作时间长、天气恶劣、人均寿命短以及消费品价格昂贵等方面。
9．What can you learn from the second paragraph?
A．British people earn the most money in the world.
B．All British consumer goods are the most expensive.
C．Petrol is a little cheaper than diesel in the UK.
D．It costs people most to live in Britain.
解析：选C。细节理解题。依据其次段的With petrol at ￡1.08 a litre及diesel(柴油)is more expensive in the UK than anywhere else in Europe—￡1.13 a litre.可知，在英国汽油比柴油廉价。
10．It can be inferred from the third paragraph that________.
A．living in Spain is more tiring than living in Britain
B．British people are less educated than Italians
C．the French have the highest life expectancy of all Europeans
D．Britain used to be on the top 20 list of most desirable countries to live in
解析：选D。推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句可知，英国曾名列世界20大宜居国家排行榜之中。
11．After the global financial crisis，Britain seems to________.
A．have suffered the most
B．have recovered from the recession
C．have the most buildings for sale
D．have more people who are jobless
解析：选D。细节理解题。依据第四段的unemployment is predicted to have climbed to above 2.5 million for the first time since 1994可知，英国的失业人口创下了1994年以来的新高，故选D。
12．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Britain has the worst quality of life in Europe.
B．British people enjoy the highest living standard.
C．Britain is no more a desirable country to live in.
D．Britain has fallen deep into economic recession.
解析：选A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全篇都是围围着英国是欧洲生活质量最差的国家这一主题来开放。
D
Lill was a young French Canadian girl who grew up in the farming community.At the age of 16，her father thought that she had enough schooling and forced her to drop out of school to contribute to the family income.In 1922，with limited education and skills，the future didn’t look bright for Lill.Her father demanded that Lill find a job as soon as possible，but she didn’t have the confidence to ask for a job.
One day，Lill gathered her courage and knocked on her very first door.She was met by Margaret Costello，the office manager.In her broken English，Lill told her she was interested in the secretarial position.Margaret decided to give her a chance.
Margaret sat her down at a typewriter and said，“Liu，let’s see how good you really are.”She directed Lill to type a single letter，and then left.Lill looked at the clock and saw that it was 11：40 a．m..Everyone would be leaving for lunch at noon.She thought she should at least attempt the letter.
On her first try，she got through one line but made four mistakes.She pulled the paper out and threw it away.The clock now read 11：45.“At noon，”she said to herself，“I’ll move out with the crowd，and they will never see me again.”
On her second attempt，things didn’t get any better.Again she started over and finally completed the letter，full of mistakes，though.She looked at the clock: 11：55—five minutes to freedom.
Just then，Margaret walked in.She came directly over to Lill，and put one hand on the desk and the other on the girl’s shoulder.She read the letter and paused.Then she said，“Lill，you’re doing good work！”
Lill was surprised.She looked at the letter，then up at Margaret.With those simple words of encouragement，her desire to escape disappeared and her confidence began to grow.She thought，“Well，if she thinks it’s good，then it must be good.I think I’ll stay！”
Lill did stay at the Carhartt Overall Company for 51 years，through two world wars and 11 presidents—all because someone had the insight to give a shy and uncertain young girl the gift of selfconfidence when she knocked on the door.
【解题导语】 Lill 16岁被迫辍学，去找工作时她很不自信，而面试时一位经理的鼓舞使她重拾信念并打算留下来，而这一留就是51年。
13．When Lill applied for the job，she________.
A．could speak good English
B．didn’t know much about typing
C．knew Margaret very well
D．never wrote any letter
解析：选B。推理推断题。依据第四、五段的内容可知，Lill打字总是出错，由此可推知，她对打字不是很了解，故选B。
14．Who does the underlined word “someone” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Lill’s father. B．Lill herself.
C．A president. D．Margaret.
解析：选D。代词指代题。通读全文可知，是Margaret在Lill求职时给了她机会和鼓舞。所以此处的“someone”应指Margaret。
15．What can we learn from Lill’s story?
A．Encouragement makes a difference.
B．Honesty is the best policy.
C．Virtue leads to success.
D．Time waits for no man.
解析：选A。推理推断题。通读全文可知，从Lill的故事中我们可以了解到鼓舞会对一个人产生很大的影响，故选A。
其次节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is an English saying：“__16__” Until recently，few people took the saying seriously.Now，however，doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.__17__
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts，blood pressure，breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.__18__If laughter exercises the body，it must be beneficial.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group that tolerated(忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program.__19__
__20__They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing，making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
A．Laughter can prolong one’s life.
B．As a result of these discoveries，some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh.
C．The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.
D．It increases blood pressure，the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face，the stomach and even the feet.
E．Although laughter helps cure the disease，doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.
F．Laughter is the best medicine.
G．They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health.
答案：16～20.FGDCB
其次部分：英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My wife，Kathy and I moved with our twoyearold son，Nate，to a small native village in Alaska.The small three andfourpassenger plane we took so__21__our little boy that he took his favorite blanket and covered his head until we__22__on the small dirt landing strips(简易机场)．During the months that followed，my son carried his security__23__everywhere.He couldn’t fall asleep until he had it.
The second year，I had a chance to guest speak in Seattle.While I was__24__for the trip，my son followed me around the room.Fine—tuning my speech in my mind，I was a little distracted (分心的)．My son seemed most__25__about my having to fly out in bad weather on one of those small planes he__26__so much.I reassured (使放心) him that I would be__27__.
When I got to the hotel in Seattle，I didn’t have time to __28__until later that evening，and I was__29__when I opened my luggage and found my son’s security blanket inside.I__30__my wife trying__31__to find the lost blanket as she prepared our son for__32__.I immediately__33__to the phone to call K
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