2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练(3)及答案.docx

2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练（3）及答案语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I was always told that the three Ps, patience, positive thinking and perseverance, were a sure path1success. But this advice does not always work as planned. My high school maths exam is one example. The exam, 2was originally to be held in our classroom, 3(change)to the library at the last minute. This, 4, didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject. I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax5. But my mood changed quickly when I saw the first question. I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay6(positive)and persevered7I finally found the solution. With the problem8(solve), I felt proud of my achievement. 9(fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left10(complete)the rest. 【文章大意】我始终被告知急躁、乐观思考和毅力是通向成功的道路。但事情有时并非如此, 我的一次数学考试, 就在我的过分坚持下失利了。1. 【解析】to。考查介词。path后接to意为“通向的道路”。2. 【解析】which。考查关系代词。which引导的是定语从句, 修饰exam, 且在从句中作主语。3. 【解析】was changed。考查语态。change和the exam之间是被动关系, 且是发生在过去的动作, 应用一般过去时的被动语态。4. 【解析】however。考查副词。上下文之间是转折关系, 其前后又有逗号隔开, 应用however。5. 【解析】myself。考查反身代词。主语是I, 其反身代词应用myself。6. 【解析】positive。考查形容词。stay是系动词, 其后应跟形容词作表语。7. 【解析】until/till。考查连词。句意: 我努力保持乐观并坚持着直到我最终找到了答案。until/till直到, 引导时间状语从句。8. 【解析】solved。考查with复合结构。solve和problem之间是被动关系, 且是已完成的动作, 应用过去分词作宾语补足语。9. 【解析】Unfortunately。考查副词。修饰整个句子, 应用副词; 由句意“然后, 我发觉我只剩下格外钟的时间完成剩下的题目”可知, 应是: 不幸的是。10. 【解析】to complete。考查不定式。complete这一动作发生在将来, 应用不定式表将来。完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 1 springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 2 areas like the desert. The control is possible even without possession of large areas of 3 land. In the early days of the American West, gun fights were not 4 for the water resources (资源). And laws had to be 5 to protect the water rights of the 6 and the use of the water resources accordingly. 7 is known to us all, there is not 8 water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes. Deciding on the 9 of water that will be used in any particular period10 careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more 11 . Farmers have to change their use of or demand for water 12 the water supply forecast (预报). The 13 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 14 than from the below. Interest is 15 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain 16 . With special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be 17 , and with the help of a repeater station, they send the 18 data (数据) to the base station. The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by 19 a button. In the near future, the forecast and use of water 20 probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains, not of water underground. ( ) 1. A. Using B. Holding C. Owning D. Finding( ) 2. A. dry B. distant C. deserted D. wild( ) 3. A. fine B. beautiful C. rich D. farming( ) 4. A. unlawful B. unacceptable C. unpopular D. uncommon( ) 5. A. made B. designed C. signed D. written( ) 6. A. winners B. settlers C. fighters D. supporters( ) 7. A. That B. It C. What D. As( ) 8. A. plentiful B. enough C. any D. much( ) 9. A. type B. quality C. amount D. level( ) 10. A. requests B. requires C. means D. suggests( ) 11. A. effectively B. easily C. conveniently D. actively( ) 12. A. leading to B. due to C. owing to D. according to( ) 13. A. correct B. further C. average D. early( ) 14. A. clouds B. sky C. air D. above( ) 15. A. raising B. rising C. building D. lasting( ) 16. A. rocks B. tips C. tops D. trees( ) 17. A. taken care of B. made use of C. piled up D. saved up( ) 18. A. picked B. produced C. used D. gathered( ) 19. A. touching B. knocking C. pressing D. turning( ) 20. A. might B. can C. will D. should1. C 解析：文章第一句便点题“在全世界可以使用的水的总量始终是人们感爱好的”放引起下文“拥有泉水或溪流有时意味着把握”，故选owning。2. A 解析：由于下文提到like the desert所以此空为dry area。3. C 解析：“rich land”译为“富有肥沃的土地”本句示意出“人们把握水要比拥有富有肥沃的土地还重要”。4. D 解析：uncommon译为“不寻常的”，本句中not uncommon”即为“common”便说明为争水而引起争斗打仗是常事可见水是重要的。5. A 解析：“make laws to do”制定法律做某事。6. B 解析：settlers译为外来殖民者。7. D 解析：as作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。8. B 解析：由上文可知水并不是像人们想的那样用之不完，取之不竭的，因此“there is not enough water”。9. C 解析：the amount of大量的。10. B 解析：require“要求”依据上下文可知用水要求有方案节省使用。11. A 解析：依据上下文选effectively译为“有效地”。12. D 解析：according to介词短语，意为“依据”。13. A 解析：correct water supply forecast中correct译为正确的或精确的。14. D 解析：该空与上文below相时使用，故填above。15. B 解析：rising表示增加，此空需填不及物动词。16. C 解析：mountain tops山顶上。17. B 解析：make use of固定词组，译为“使用、利用”。18. D 解析：gathered一词译为“收集到的”过去分词作定语。19. C 解析：press a button按开关。20. C 解析：用情态动词will更含有一种趋势，可能性。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（呈现）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand and. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“Our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord（脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.16. BCI is a technology that can _.A. link the human brain with computers B. help to update computer systems C. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons thoughts 17. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine. C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.18. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalpcomputercapwheelchairB. computercapscalpwheelchairC. scalpcapcomputerwheelchairD. capcomputerscalpwheelchair19. The team will test with real patients to _. A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition20. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research CenterB. New Findings About How the Human Brain WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【参考答案】16230、ADCBC 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。L1PITORABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicineAlong with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad” cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodIt can also raise “good cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR：People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise Adults and children over l0 Who should NOT take LIPITOR：Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.women who are breast-feedingLipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liver(肝脏)problems POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF LIPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people：Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failureLiver problemsYour doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking itCall your doctor right away if you have：Unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very firedSwelling of the face，lips，tongue，andor throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing Stomach pain Some common side effects of LIPITOR are： Muscle pain Upset stomach Changes in some blood tests HOW TO TAKE LIPITOR DO：Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waitTake the next dose at your regular time.Dont：Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.( ) 1. What is a major function of Lipitor?A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure.C. To improve unhealthy diet. D. To lower bad cholesterol.( ) 2. Taking Lipitor is helpful for .A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnantC. adults having heart disease D. teenagers with liver problems( ) 3. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should A. change the amount of your next dose B. eat more when taking your next doseC. have a dose as soon as you remember D. take the next dose at your regular time( ) 4. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness. ( ) 5. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for quick recovery. B. To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D. To give information about a kind of medicine. 本文为药品说明，主要介绍了药品Lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关留意事项。1. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：依据 “Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodIt can also raise “good cholesterol.”可以推断出答案。2. 答案：C考点：细节理解解析：依据 “Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.”和 “Adults and children over l0”可以推断选C3. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：依据 “If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waitTake the next dose at your regular time.”可以得出答案4. 答案：B考点：细节理解解析：依据 “Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：Muscle pain, Upset stomach, Changes in some blood tests” 可以得出答案5. 答案：D考点：推理推断题解析：文章先总体介绍药品Lipitor的作用，接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群，然后介绍药品的副作用，最终介绍服药的留意事项，由此可以推断选D项。