2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练(6)及答案.docx

2021广东惠州市高考英语语法填空、阅读自练（6）及答案

语法填空
　　阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you start talking about good and bad manners you immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot agree to　1　they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that she thought you could tell a well-mannered person　2　the way they occupied the space around them—for example, when such a person walks down a street he or she is constantly aware of others. Such people never bump into other people. However, 　3　second person thought that this was　4　a question of civilized behavior than good manners. Instead, this other person told us a story, which he said was quite well known, 　5　an American who had been invited to an Arab meal in one of the countries of the Middle East. The American　6　(tell)very much about the kind of food he might expect. 　7　he had known about Arab food, he might have behaved better. Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked, to him, very much like a napkin(餐巾). 　8　(pick)it up, he put it into his collar, so that it fell across his shirt. His Arab host, 　9　had been watching, said nothing, but　10　(immediate)copied the action of his guest. And that, said this second person, was a fine example of good manners.
【文章大意】礼貌到底是什么呢? 不同的人有不同的观点。
1. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句。agree to后跟的是一个宾语从句, 从句中缺少mean的宾语, 应用what引导。
2. 【解析】by。考查介词。句中的tell意为“辨别”, tell. . . by. . . 依据……辨别。
3. 【解析】a。考查冠词。a second . . . 又一个……。
4. 【解析】more。考查副词。more . . . than . . . 意为“与其说……, 不如说……”, 是固定搭配。
5. 【解析】about。考查介词。about an American who . . . 是定语, 修饰a story, about意为“关于”。
6. 【解析】hadn’t been told。考查时态和语态。由下句句意“假如他了解阿拉伯食物的话, 他表现就会更好些。”可知, 他在此之前没有被告知有关他所期盼的食物的状况。故用过去完成时的被动语态的否定形式。
7. 【解析】If。考查连词。if引导条件状语从句。
8. 【解析】Picking。考查现在分词。pick和规律主语he之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词。
9. 【解析】who。考查关系代词。who引导定语从句修饰先行词his Arab host, who在从句中作主语。
10. 【解析】immediately。考查副词。修饰动词copy应用副词。

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。
Anthropology is a science which deals with man and his social habits. I think of anthropology here as “being interested, without 1 ,in the way other people choose to live and 2 .”
When you are curious about the way someone behaves or the way 3 feel about something, it’s 4 that you will he annoyed(恼火).
When someone acts in a way that seems5 to you, rather than react in your usual way, such as “I can’t believe they would do that,” 6 say something to yourself like “I see, that must be the way they 7 things in their world. Very interesting.” In order for this 8 to help you, you have to be genuine(真诚的).
Recently I was at a shopping mall with my six-year old daughter 9 a group of punk rockers walked by with orange spiked hair and tattoos(文身) covering much of their bodies. At the sight of them, my daughter immediately asked me, “Daddy, why are they 10 like that?” Years ago I would have felt very 11 with such young people. I would have given a judgmental explanation and passed along to her my 12 .Pretending to be an anthropologist, however, has 13 my perspective(看法)a great deal, so it’s made me 14 .I said to my daughter, “I’m not really sure, but it’s interesting how 15 we all are, isn’t it?” She said, “Yeah, 16 I like my own hair.”
When you are interested in other perspectives, it doesn’t mean you’re 17 them. I certainly wouldn’t choose a punk rock lifestyle or 18 it to anyone else. At the same time, however, it’s really not my 19 to judge it either. One of the most important rules of joyful living is that judging others takes a great deal of energy and 20 you away from where you want to be.
( ) 1.A.agreement B. judgment C. improvement D. entertainment
答案:B
( ) 2.A.behave B. speak C. grow D. eat
答案:A
( ) 3.A.you B. they C.I D. we
答案:B
( ) 4.A.natural B. certain C. obvious D. impossible
答案:D
( ) 5.A.normal B. common C. strange D. passive
答案:C
( ) 6.A.just B. also C. still D. never
答案:A
( ) 7.A.make B. find C. see D. get
答案:C
( ) 8.A.person B. way C. interest D. word
答案:B
( ) 9.A.while B. until C. since D. when
答案:D
(　)10.A.tried on B. grown up C. acted out D. dressed up
答案:D
( ) 11.A.pleased B. interested C. bored D. excited
答案:C
( ) 12.A.views B. questions C. advice D. plan
答案:A
( ) 13.A.blocked B. changed C. enlarged D. raised
答案:B
( ) 14.A.softer B. higher C. happier D. angrier
答案:A
( ) 15.A.similar B. confident C. humorous D. different
答案:D
( ) 16.A.and B. but C. so D. or
答案:B
( ) 17.A.like B. for C. beside D. against
答案:B
( ) 18.A.present B. connect C. send D. suggest
答案:D
( ) 19.A.place B. attempt C. fault D. decision
答案:A
( ) 20.A.gives B. brings C. pulls D. puts
答案:C
1. 提示:without judgment的意思是“不加推断地”，相当于下文解释该句的curious。
2. 提示:B、C、D三项都表示的是behave(行为)的具体表现，此处的A项正好和下文的解释相吻合。
3. 提示:英文中常用they来指代someone。
4. 提示:既然你对别人的生活和行为感爱好，那么你也就不行能感到担忧了。
5. 提示:从下文“rather than react in your usual way”来看，此处是“别人的行为方式使你感到惊异”。
6. 提示:可由when引导的从句到“...they would do that”为止，say是祈使句中的谓语，由此开头是告诫自己的话，因此，say之前用just。
7. 提示:see在此相当于regard(看待)。make things表示“制造物品”；find things表示“(丢失后)的找到物品”；D项表示“得到物品”，均与题意不符。
8. 提示:其次段谈论的都是别人或者你自己的“行为方式”，因此，此处表示的是“为了让这种方式对你有益”。
9. 提示:when在此处是并列连词，相当于and suddenly。
10. 提示:在这四个选项中，只有D项可以用于被动语态，表示“装扮)，和上文描述的那群人发型等相吻合。
11. 提示:其他三项表示的都是乐观意义的单词，只有C项表示消极意义。从下文看，作者多年前对那群人的穿衣装扮是“厌烦的”。
12. 提示:views在此相当于opinions,表示“意见、看法”。
13. 提示:上文谈论的是以前的看法，此处谈论的是现在不同的看法，因此说，看法已有了转变。
14. 提示:soft在此表示言行性格的“宽厚”。既然经过了多年的磨炼，看法已经转变了很多，那么整个人也就变得比过去“温存”了。
15. 提示:那群人的发型和“我们全部人的”是不一样的，因此才显得好玩。
16. 提示:从“我宠爱自己的头发样式”来看，此处应用表示转折意思的but。
17. 提示:be for的意思相当于agree；like和be动词连用时是介词(像)；C项表示“在旁边”；D项表示“反对”。
18. 提示:D项表示“把这种发型推举给别人”；发型是没有方法“赠送；连接；寄送”给别人的，因此排解A、B、C三项。
19. 提示:place在此表示“工作、职责”。
20. 提示:pull oneself away为固定短语，意思是“使自己离开”。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.
The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish（斑马鱼） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebrafish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.
It appears that, like the golden zebrafish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (变异) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.
However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太阳光紫外线), which can cause skin cancer.
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.
6. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. people can not change their skin color without any pain
B. the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely
C. pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked
D. scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene
7. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B. Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C. the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D. there are two kinds of genes
8. Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to ________.
A. find the different genes of humans’
B. prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment gene
C. find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is dark
D. find out the ways of changing people’s skin color
9. The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _____
A. they are born light-skinned people
B. light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production
C. they have fewer activities outside
D. they pay much attention to protecting their skin
10. The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ________.
A. neutral（中立的） B. negative C. positive D. indifferent（冷漠）
【参考答案】6—10、DABBC

阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Exploit your parking space
An unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to £200 or £300 a week. Put an advertisement（广告）for free on Let park or At my house park.
Rent（出租）a room
Spare room? Not only will a lodger（房客）earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government-backed “rent a room” program, you won’t have to pay any tax on the first £4500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.
Make money during special events
Won’t want a full-time lodger? Then rent on a short-term basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money, Grashpadder can advertise your space.
Live on set
Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free—but you will be charged if your home gets picked.
Use your roof
You need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around￡14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.
( ) 1. If you earn ￡5000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on ______.
A. ￡800 B. ￡500 C. ￡4500 D.5000
( ) 2. Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?
A. On Letpark. B. On Roomspare.
C. On Grashpadder. D. On Roommateeasy.
( ) 3. If you want to use energy free, you have to_____.
A. sign an agreement with the government
B. pay around ￡14,000 for the equipment
C. sell the roof to some energy companies
D. keep the roof unchanged for within 25 years
( ) 4. For whom the text most probably written?
A. Lodgers. B. Advertisers.
C. House owners. D. Online companies
【参考答案】1---4、BCDC