2021高考英语(江苏专用)大二轮总复习定时训练4.docx

定时训练(4)

Ⅰ.专题特训(情态动词与虚拟语气)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．When I lived with my roommates in the university，we ________ often talk into the night.
A．might B．could C．should D．would
解析　情态动词用法。would 在此表示过去的习惯性动作，其他几项没有此意。
答案　D
2．Students ________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A．would B．shall C．will D．could
解析　考查情态动词。该空 shall表示规定、命令，故选B。
答案　B
3．She didn't come to the party last Sunday.________， she must have made the party more exciting.
A．If she came B．Would she come
C．Had she come D．Did she come
解析　Had she come＝If she had come。语境为与last Sunday 的事实相反。
答案　C
4．—Why does Thomas speak through every discussion but never listen to the others?
—That's what he ________ do. We used to hate that, but are used to it now.
A．ought to B．can C．will D．might
解析　考查情态动词。ought to最基本的意思是“应当”，既可指有责任或义务，也可指建议或劝告某人“应当”做某事，还可指推想某事或某状况“应当”会发生等；can表力量；will表意愿，还可表示决心、许诺、指示、嘱咐等；might意为“或许”，常表推想。由语境可知，答句句意：那是他情愿做的事情。过去我们厌烦，现在已经习惯了。故C项正确。
答案　C
5．Brain, like muscles, also needs some kind of exercise and nutrition. The more you use your brain in the right direction, the more you ________ enhance your ability.
A．could B．might C．shall D．will
解析　考查情态动词。句意：大脑像肌肉一样也需要一些熬炼和养分。以正确的方式用脑，你用得越多，就越能够增加你的力量。依据语意可知，此处表示“将，会”的概念，因此应用will一词。故答案选D。
答案　D
6．The parcel was a whole week late. How I wish I ______ air mail instead.
A．had chosen B．would choose
C．chose D．choose
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：这个包裹晚了整整一周。我多么期望我当时选择的是航空邮政。依据题干可知，本句考查的是wish后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气的用法。依据语境可知，此处是与过去状况相反的虚拟语气，故应用“had＋过去分词”结构，had chosen符合题意。故答案选A。
答案　A
7．—David is often absent from class.
—Tell him he ________ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.
A．shall B．might C．would D．can
解析　考查情态动词。句意：David现在经常旷课。告知他，假如再这样，后果自负。情态动词shall用于其次、三人称的陈述句中，可表示警告、许诺、命令、威逼等语气。故答案选A。
答案　A
8．—Can you keep a secret?
—You ________ worry—I'm not going to mention it to anyone.
A．needn't B．couldn't C．mustn't D．won't
解析　考查情态动词。句意：你能帮我保守隐秘吗？你不必担忧，我不会向任何人提及的。needn't不必要；couldn't不能够；mustn't禁止；won't将不会。依据句意可知，答案A符合语境。
答案　A
9．If I ________ your advice then, I think that the crops could be growing better.
A．took B．would have taken
C．had taken D．have taken
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：要是当时我听了你的建议，现在庄稼可能长得更好。由“then”可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，所以if引导的条件句要用“had＋过去分词”形式。故答案选C。
答案　C
10．—How was your trip to Yancheng last week?
—Wonderful! I only felt sorry that I ________ the nature reserve of red？crowned cranes, but the weather was awful.
A．could visit B．could have visited
C．might visit D．might have visited
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周去盐城的旅游怎么样？相当不错！要不是天气糟糕的话，我本可以去参观丹顶鹤自然爱护区的。那是我唯一感到圆满的事情。本题为含蓄式虚拟语气的表达，其中but引导的句子相当于if条件句。依据语意可知，此处是对过去状况的假设虚拟，因此主句中的谓语动词应用“should/could/would＋have done”的形式。故答案选B。
答案　B
11．According to the rules and regulations, all payments ________ be made in cash in the shopping center.
A．shall B．can C．must D．should
解析　考查情态动词。句意：依据规定，购物中心的全部款项都应以现金支付。情态动词shall用于第三人称时，表示“法律和条文等的规定”。故答案选A。
答案　A
12．She often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through QQ, as if they ________ chatting in her living room.
A．were B．are
C．had been D．has been
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：她经常在QQ上和伴侣们共享她内心最深处的想法和担忧，好像他们正在客厅里谈天似的。依据语境可知，as if引导的状语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此，从句中用be的过去式were。故答案选A。
答案　A
13．Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ________ so much fried chicken just now.
A．shouldn't eat B．mustn't have eaten
C．mustn't eat D．shouldn't have eaten
解析　考查情态动词。情态动词与动词原形连用可以表示对现在和将来的推想；当它与动词完成式连用时表示对过去的推想。本题依据just now可排解A、C两项；must have done意为“想必过去肯定做过某事”，其否定式常用can't have done形式；shouldn't have done意为“过去本不应当做某事”。由语境可知，此处是指刚才本不该吃那么多炸鸡。故D项正确。
答案　D
14．—Where did you get this book?
—I picked it up from a second？hand bookshop if you ________ know.
A．must B．will C．can D．shall
解析　考查情态动词辨析。句意：你在哪买到这本书的？假如你非要知道的话，我是在二手书店买到的。must此处表示“非要，偏偏”，符合题意，故选A。
答案　A
15．—If he ________ there were poisonous snakes in the mountain, he would not have camped there.
—Luckily, he was found relatively quickly and ______ to the local medical center.
A．was reminded；rushed
B．had been reminded；rushed
C．was reminded；rushing
D．had been reminded；rushing
解析　考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：——假如他被告知山里面有毒蛇的话，他就不会在那儿宿营了。——幸运的是他很快被发觉了，而且快速地被送到当地的医疗中心。第一空表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时表虚拟，其次空表示病人被送到医院。
答案　B
16．—We ________ the game.You spoiled the chance by missing the ball!
—I'm terribly sorry!
A．could win B．would win
C．could have won D．must have won
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：——我们原来可以赢得竞赛的，但是你失分了，使我们丢失了赢的机会。——格外愧疚。
答案　C
17．—Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really? She ________ the 9：00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train.
A．could have taken B．should take
C．must have taken D．can take
解析　考查情态动词的用法。句意：——今日上午Jenny乘8点的公共汽车去了广州。——真的吗？她本能坐9点的火车的。坐火车比公共汽车舒适、平安的多。
答案　A
18．It's said that there are plenty of hotels in that town. There ________ be any difficulty for you to find somewhere to stay.
A．wouldn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't
解析　考查情态动词的用法。句意：据说这个城市有很多宾馆。你找宾馆不应当有问题。
答案　C
19．—My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.
—Now that he wasn't well prepared, he might as well ________．
A．not try B．not to have tried
C．not to try D．not have tried
解析　考查情态动词的用法。might as well意为“不妨”。句意：——我的儿子面试后没被公司接受。——既然他没有预备好，他就不该去试。
答案　D
20．________ here yesterday, he could have seen Jackie Chen.
A．If Bob has come B．If Bob came
C．Had Bob come D．If Bob should come
解析　考查虚拟语气。句意：要是鲍勃昨天在这儿，他可能会看到成龙。依据时间状语yesterday可知是对过去事实的假设，故用过去完成式，即If Bob had come...，省略为Had Bob come。故选C项。
答案　C
Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：记叙文　话题：寓言故事　时间：12分钟
Penguin，Reindeer and Fox were great friends.One day，Penguin and Reindeer __1__ a lot of fruit，and decided to keep it a __2__．On the way，they met Fox，who saw them so __3__，asked them why.They told him they couldn't say，because it was a secret，but Fox asked them to __4__ him，so they told him about the fruit.
When they __5__ at the village，Fox forgot about his promise，and told everyone.When Penguin and Reindeer __6__ to the place where they had found the fruit，the animals of the __7__ had already been there and eaten it all.
That same day，Penguin and Reindeer found __8__ place full of food，and the same thing happened again with Fox.__9__ by these betrayals(背叛)，they decided to __10__ Fox a lesson.The next day they told Fox that they had found a lake so full of __11__ that no effort was needed to __12__ them.Fox again told everyone in the village __13__ this.The next day，Fox came by，covered in cuts and bruises.After telling all the animals about the lake full of fish，__14__，including even the polar bears，had gone there.__15__，not finding anything，they felt deceived，and had given __16__ a good beating.
Fox learned that keeping people's trust is very __17__，and that to get it in the first place you have to earn it with loyalty and always keeping your word.
Penguin and Reindeer devised(设计) another trick for Fox but，__18__ he was no longer a bigmouth，he did not __19__ them，and Penguin and Reindeer regained their faith in Fox，thus __20__ him.
【语篇导读】　企鹅、驯鹿和狐狸是好伴侣，一天企鹅和驯鹿发觉了很多水果，在回去的路上遇到了狐狸，告知了他并且让他保密，但是狐狸却食言了。其次次也是如此。于是企鹅和驯鹿打算惩处他，告知他有一个湖里面有很多鱼，于是狐狸把这件事告知了全部的动物。动物们上当后将狐狸狠狠揍了一顿。
1．A.took B．found C．carried D．caught
解析　企鹅和驯鹿发觉了很多水果，故选B。
答案　B
2．A.secret B．promise
C．humour D．suggestion
解析　依据下文的They told him they couldn't say，because it was a secret.可知应选A。
答案　A
3．A.sad B．fat C．happy D．tired
解析　依据常识可知当发觉了很多食物时，应当是兴奋的，故选C。
答案　C
4．A.beat B．help C．punish D．trust
解析　前面企鹅和驯鹿说了那是一个隐秘，因此狐狸应当是让他们信任他，这样他们才将隐秘告知了他。
答案　D
5．A.arrived B．left C．moved D．drove
解析　当他们到达村庄，狐狸就遗忘了自己的承诺。arrive at 到达。
答案　A
6．A.returned B．changed C．visited D．bought
解析　当企鹅和驯鹿返回到他们发觉水果的地方，村里的动物已经到了那里，把水果都吃光了。
答案　A
7．A.town B．village C．city D．country
解析　依据前面的When they __5__ at the village，Fox forgot about his promise，and told everyone.可知此处应选B。
答案　B
8．A.other B．some C．another D．any
解析　同一天，企鹅和驯鹿又发觉了一处有食物的地方，故选C。
答案　C
9．A.Pleased B．Satisfied
C．Excited D．Angered
解析　由于狐狸两次背叛了他们，故他们应当是生气的，故选D。
答案　D
10．A.teach B．give C．deliver D．attend
解析　依据下文的Fox came by，covered in cuts and bruises.可知应当是他们打算教训一下狐狸。teach sb a lesson教训某人一顿。
答案　A
11．A.tiger B．fish C．lion D．shark
解析　依据下文的After telling all the animals about the lake full of fish可知此处应填fish。
答案　B
12．A.treat B．cheat C．catch D．sell
解析　不费劲儿就可以捉到鱼，故选C。
答案　C
13．A.on B．for C．to D．about
解析　狐狸又把湖里有鱼的事告知了村里的全部动物。tell sb about sth告知某人某事。
答案　D
14．A.anyone B．everyone C．both D．someone
解析　依据上文all the animals的示意可以推出此处应填B。
答案　B
15．A.And B．Therefore C．But D．Besides
解析　依据句意可知前后两句之间的关系是转折关系，故选C。
答案　C
16．A.Fox B．Penguin
C．Reindeer D．the polar bears
解析　依据上文的内容可知是狐狸哄骗了他们，因此他们痛打的应当是狐狸，故选A。
答案　A
17．A.worried B．important C．honest D．stupid
解析　狐狸被痛打了一顿之后意识到保持让别人信任是格外重要的。故选B。
答案　B
18．A.when B．where C．as D．while
解析　企鹅和驯鹿没有再设计惩处狐狸，由于他不再多嘴多舌了。故选C。
答案　C
19．A.ruin B．advise C．betray D．escape
解析　狐狸不再背叛企鹅和驯鹿，故选C。
答案　C
20．A.forgiving B．regretting
C．remembering D．believing
解析　企鹅和驯鹿原谅了狐狸，并且重新信任他。
答案　A
Ⅲ.阅读理解
体裁：谈论文　话题：感悟人生　时间：6分钟
Apart from psychological illness，we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health.What we say to ourselves over and over for days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.This also contributes to many mental health disorders.
Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds，but if you're buried in them and believe them，they could be wearing your sense of self－esteem(自尊)．Here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel: I'm not good enough? /I don't deserve...？/ No one likes me？/ I'm a failure?
Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures，and they get you nowhere.
What can you do? Here are some suggestions：
Switch the channel when negative thoughts appear.Self－talk is not so obvious that we often don't notice its effect on our mood and belief systems.Key things to notice are “if only” or “what if” statements: the former keeps you stuck in the past with regret，while the latter keeps you fearful of the future.There is nothing you can do about the past，and the future isn't here yet，so stay in the present moment.
Recognize that actions always follow beliefs.You'll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs.So，start believing the best about yourself: act as if you believe that you're a valuable and worthy person.
Develop positive self－talk rather than negative self－talk.Instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things you actually like about yourself.What are your strengths? What are you good at? Instead of saying “I'm a loser”，try saying，“I am capable./I'm good at.../I accept myself the way I am.”
Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely self－limiting.Decide today to turn off the negative self－talk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.
【语篇导读】　文章主要告知大家抛弃消极的思想，培育乐观的思想。
1．From the first two paragraphs we can learn that ______．
A．lots of people have no sense of self－esteem
B．focusing on negative thoughts may have a bad effect on people
C．negative thoughts will strengthen our sense of self－esteem
D．few people have negative thoughts and mental problems
解析　推理推断题。依据文章第一段中的“What we say to ourselves...has a great effect on how we see ourselves.This also contributes to many mental health disorders.”以及其次段中的“Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds”可以推断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为B。
答案　B
2．The underlined word“wearing”in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______．
A．strengthening B．protecting
C．weakening D．replacing
解析　词义猜想题。依据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。
答案　C
3．What do the suggestions in the text tell us?
A．Our beliefs always come after actions.
B．Positive self－talk does good to our mental health.
C．Looking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.
D．“What if” keeps you stuck in the past with regret.
解析　推理推断题。依据文章最终四段的内容可推知，乐观的自我示意对我们的心理有益，故B项正确。
答案　B
4．The text encourages us to ______．
A．get rid of negative thoughts
B．get anywhere we like
C．think highly of others
D．turn off the self－talk channel
解析　推理推断题。通读全文可知，文章鼓舞我们抛弃消极的思想。故答案为A。
答案　A

1．Word Building
(1)emotional adj. 心情的，情感的
(2)contribute(to) vt. 有助于；捐助
(3)deserve vt.应得
(4)potential n. 潜在性，潜力；adj. 有潜力的
2．Phrase Bank
(1)apart from 除了……
(2)have a great effect on 有巨大影响
(3)be consistent to 与……全都；与……调和
3．Key Patterns
(1)Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures，and they get you nowhere.
句意：消极的思想使你想起你不好的情感，它们会使你聚焦你失败的事情，从而它们使你更迷茫。
解析：这是由两个and连接的并列句。Negative thoughts...为主句。
(2)Instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things you actually like about yourself.
句意：不是在脑子里总是看不起自己，而要想一想你真正宠爱的自己。
解析：这是一个较简单的主从复合句，think of some things...为主句，省略了主语you；you actually like...为定语从句，修饰先行词things；looking down upon yourself...为分词短语作介词of的宾语。