2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【8】及答案【三月】.docx

2021重庆市高考英语阅读类课外训练【8】及答案【三月】

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up,” says science writer Matt Ridley.” The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he’s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he’s set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.
Here’s how he explains his views.
1) Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.
2) Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.
3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change
Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel(化石燃烧) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.
1. What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?
A. Weakness of human nature. B. Concern about climate change.
C. Importance of practical thinking. D. Optimism about human progress.
2. How does Ridley look at shopping?
A. It encourages the creation of things. B. It results in shortage of goods.
C. It demands more fossil fuels. D. It causes a poverty problem.
3. The candle and lamp example is used to show that　　　.　
A. oil lamps give off more light than candles
B. shortening working time brings about a happier life
C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles
D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods
4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.
B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.
C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.
D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.
【参考答案】1-4 DADB　　

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack. As pack animals, wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among each other. There are different explanations of a wolf’s howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.
One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together. It’s almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together. Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong, explains Fred H. Harrington, a professor who studies wolf behaviour.
Indeed, there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus, and the next, quarreling among each other. It appears that usually the lowest-ranking members of the pack may actually be“punished” for joining in the chorus at times. So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? —Why do wolves howl for sure?
What is clear, however, is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each other. Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times. When this happens, howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.
Howling, interestingly, is a contagious behaviour. When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow. This is often seen to occur in the morning, as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call” where wolves all howl together to report their presence.
1. What is the possible similarity between wolves’ howling together and humans’ singing in chorus?
A. The act of calling each other. B. The sense of accomplishment.
C. The act of hunting for something. D. The sense of belonging to a group.
2. Why does Harrington think the “social bond” theory may be wrong?
A. Wolves separate from each other after howling.
B. Wolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.
C. Wolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.
D. Wolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.
3. Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to　　　.　
A. show their ranks B. find their companions C. express their loneliness
4. “Howling. . . is a contagious behaviour” (in the last paragraph)means　　　.　
A. howling is a signal for hunting B. howling is a way of communication
C. howling often occurs in the morning D. howling spreads from one to another
【参考答案】1-4 DCBD　　

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。
Knowledge truly is power.For this reason，I insist 1.________ learning something new each day.
I take any opportunity to interact with new people 2.________ I know everyone has something valuable to teach me.While most of my friends are watching reality television shows，I choose to stay informed 3.________ watching the news.I choose to watch television programs 4.________ are educational and informative，making the most of my time in front of the screen.
Reading is 5.________ important part of my life.I make it a point to read a great number of selfhelp，history，and howto books.Of course，it takes me several days to read a single book.6.________，by the end of the week I often have a new skill.And I have valuable information to offer to others when they need 7.________.
Today，I list all resources of information that 8.________ help me learn something new.The world around me is the best educational institution in the world.Every personal encounter(偶遇) and experience offers something new to learn.
(六)
1. on　考查介词。insist on doing sth坚持做某事。
2. because/as/since　考查状语从句的引导词。“我”抓住任何机会与新人交往，由于我知道每一个人都有值得我学习的东西。
3. by　考查介词。by doing sth 通过做某事的方式。
4. that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。该空引导定语从句修饰television programs，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
5. an　考查冠词。阅读是“我”生活中重要的一部分。表示泛指，所修饰词important以元音音素开头，故用an。
6. However　考查副词。依据前后意义上的转折关系可推断填however，留意首字母要大写。
7. it　考查代词。该空指代 valuable information，故用it代替。
8. can　考查情态动词。“我”列出全部能挂念“我”学习新东西的信息资源。