2021承德市高考英语信息匹配类、阅读类五月选练及答案5.docx

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.But，at nearly 500 years of age，time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.The health of the famous picture，painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the Louvre Museum where it is housed.“The thin，wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.”the museum said.Visitors have noticed changes，but repairing the worlds most famous painting is not easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current(现在的)chemical state.Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“Its very interesting that when you re not looking at her，she seems to be smiling，and then，you look at her and she slops.”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“It s because direct vision(视觉)is excellent at picking up detail，but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”However，the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile.Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him，until it was eventually sold to Frances King Francis I in 1519.In 1911，the painting was stolen from the Louvre Museum by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.He said he planned to return it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.During World War II，French men hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.Like many old ladies，the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.1The underlined sentence in the first paragraph means the Mona Lisa_.Ais losing its valueBis being damaged after so many yearsCis getting more valuable with years passingDwill rot away答案：B细节理解题。首先，由转折词But推断，本句的意思应和文章前面所说“美貌是永恒的”在意义上相反。后面又介绍说“蒙娜丽莎”的健康状况随着岁月的消逝而恶化，画的木板变形，因此断定此处的意思是指随着岁月的消逝，名画蒙娜丽莎受到了损坏。2The smile of the Mona Lisa can only be seen_.Aby indirect vision Bat a distanceCby direct vision Din shadows答案：A细节理解题。文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到“蒙娜丽莎”的微笑，缘由是当时达芬奇是在暗处画得画，因此只有人们“不正视”时，才能看到她的微笑。3From the last paragraph，we can infer that_.Amany interesting stories have been written about the Mona LisaBpeople are interested in the stories about the Mona LisaCsome mysteries still remain to be solved about the Mona LisaDmany more stories will be told about the Mona Lisa答案：C推理推断题。文章前面提到“蒙娜丽莎”的历史像她的微笑一样是个谜，因此最终一段的意思是她还有一些隐秘未被人知。4Experts havent had any repairs on the Mona Lisa because_.Ait is now in a poor chemical stateBthey dont know how to replace the wooden panelCthey dont have the materials Da Vinci usedDthey are afraid it will be done further damage答案：D推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句可知，专家对于达芬奇所用的材料及材料现在的化学状态没有把握，也就是说担忧盲目修补会更加损坏此画。A项讲此画状况极差，观点过激与本文不符；B项本文未提及；C项与第三段最终一句不符。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 AMy newly-rented small apartment was far away from the centre of London and it was becoming essential for me to find a job, so finally I spent a whole morning getting to town and putting my name down to be considered by London Transport for a job on the underground. They were looking for guards, not drivers. This suited me. I couldnt drive a car but thought that I could probably guard a train, and perhaps continue to write my poems between stations. The writers Keats and Chekhov had been doctors. T.S. Eliot had worked in a bank and Wallace Stevens for an insurance company. Id be a subway guard. I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis（困难危急时期）. Obviously Id be overqualified but I was willing to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges those being particularly welcome to someone living a long way from the city centre.The next day I sat down, with almost a hundred other candidates, for the intelligence test. I must have done all right because after about half an hours wait I was sent into another room for a psychological test. This time there were only about fifty candidates. The interviewer sat at a desk. Candidates were signaled forward to occupy the seat opposite him when the previous occupant had been dismissed, after a greater or shorter time. Obviously the long interviews were the more successful ones. Some of the interviews were as short as five minutes. Mine was the only one that lasted a minute and a half.I can remember the questions now: “Why did you leave your last job?” “Why did you leave your job before that?” “And the one before that?” I cant recall my answers, except that they were short at first and grew progressively shorter. His closing statement, I thought, revealed a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the underground railway. “Youve failed the psychological test and we are unable to offer you a position.”Failing to get that job was my low point. Or so I thought, believing that the work was easy. Actually, such jobs being a postman is another one I still desire demand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least qualified to give. But I was still far short of full self-understanding. I was also short of cash.1The writer applied for the job chiefly because _.Ahe wanted to work in the centre of London Bhe could no longer afford to live without oneChe was not interested in any other available job Dhe had received some suitable training2The writer thought he was overqualified for the job because _.Ahe often traveled undergroundBhe had written many poemsChe could deal with difficult situations Dhe had worked in a company3The length of his interview meant that _.Ahe was not going to be offered the job Bhe had not done well in the intelligence testChe did not like the interviewer at all Dhe had little work experience to talk about4What does the writer realize now that he did not realize then?AHow unpleasant ordinary jobs can be. BHow difficult it is to be a poet.CHow unsuitable he was for the job.DHow badly he did in the interview.5Whats the writers opinion of the psychologist?A. He was very aggressive（有进取心的）. B. He was unhappy with his job.C. He was quite inefficient. D. He was rather unsympathetic.【参考答案】15、BCACD 阅读理解。Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821, on the island of St. Helena off the coast of Africa. He was 51 years old at the time. When doctors examined Napoleons body, they said that the former emperor of France had died from cancer of the stomach. That was the cause of death recorded in the official report. However, other doctors disagreed. One doctor who was present during the examination of the body said that Napoleon died of hepatitis（肝炎）. Other historians and medical experts have suggested that Napoleon died of syphilis（梅毒）, tuberculosis（肺结核）, or perhaps malaria. Now, after careful research, a British chemist thinks that Napoleon might have been poisoned - not by a person, but by his wallpaper. Napoleon was sent to the island of St. Helena in 1815 after he lost the battle of Waterloo. He was a prisoner on the island. Although he had servants to attend to him, he had to live in one small building. St. Helena is a very wet island, so the walls of the building were always covered with mold. Napoleon became ill from spending too much time inside his house. Almost constantly he had a fever, chills, and felt sick to his stomach. He often felt pain in his shoulders and in his side. His skin turned yellow. He got frequent headaches, and he would become dizzy and vomit. None of the medicine that the doctors gave Napoleon seemed to help. They were not sure what was the matter. Finally, Napoleon was too weak to leave the house. One night, while he was sleeping, he went into a coma （昏迷）and died.Many doctors who later reviewed the reports of Napoleons illness found that the symptoms did not show a man who suffered from stomach cancer. It seemed obvious that Napoleon had died from some other cause. In 1961, a Swedish doctor examined some of Napoleons hair and found a high level of arsenic（砒霜）, a chemical poison. Was Napoleon murdered? It is doubtful. Arsenic was used in many types of medicine during Napoleons time, so he might have taken the arsenic as a cure for his illness. Then, in 1982, Dr. David Jones from England began to look into the mystery and suggested that Napoleon might have breathed in arsenic which was in the air of his house. In the 1700s and 1800s, arsenic was used to make a kind of green paint used on cloth and wallpaper. If the paint was used on a wet wall, the arsenic would go into the air. A person in the room might breathe that air. After studying the wallpaper in the room where Napoleon died, Dr. Jones found high levels of arsenic in the green paint on the walls.6. The passage says that . A. a British doctor thinks he has found the cause of Napoleons death B. many doctors have tried to guess the cause of Napoleons death C. Napoleon could have died from poison D. all of the above7. Why did Napoleon live on St. Helena? A. He owned the island. B. He was a prisoner there. C. His family lived there. D. He liked the island.8. Napoleon suffered from the following symptoms except _. A. chills B. fever C dizziness D. bleeding9. The official report said that Napoleon died of_. A. cancer B. a coma C. mold D. poison10. According to Dr. Jones, how did the arsenic probably get into Napoleons body? A. He ate it. B. He breathed it in. C. He touched it. D. He drank it.【参考答案】610、DBDAB 【2021高考复习】任务型读写A study published Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat，and experts said its time to find out if more sleep will fight fatness.“Weve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise that weve failed to recognize the value of good sleep，”said Fred Turek，a physician at Northwestern University.Mondays study from Eastern Virgnia Medical School in Norfolk covered 1,000 people and found that total sleep time decreased as body mass indexa measure of weight based on height increased.“Men slept an average of 27 minutes less than women and overweight and fat patients slept less than patients with normal weights，”it said.In general the fatter subjects slept about 1.8 hours a week less than those with normal weights.“Americans experience insufficient sleep and fat bodies.Clinicians are aware of the burden of fatness on patients，”the study said.“Our findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may not be necessary，as an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night seems to be associated with a lower body mass index，”it added.“We caution that this study does not set up a causeandeffect relationship between restricted sleep and fatness，but investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship.” The study was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine along with an editorial by Turek and Northwestern colleague Joseph Bass commenting on it and related research.Inan interview，Turek said some studies have shown the lack of sleep causes declines in an appetiteholding back protein hormone，and increases in another hormone that cause a longing for food.“In addition neuropathies(神经疗法)in the brain governing sleep and fatness appear to overlap(部分重叠)，”he said.“Fatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries and reached epidemic(流行病)levels in the United States，”it added，“leading to a variety of health problems.”A new study having been 20._21._in the pastdiet and 22._this timesleepA study from Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolPeople1,000 were 23._differenceMen slept 27ms less than women on 24._Americans problem25._ sleep and fat bodiesconclusionWeight loss set up 26._ between sleep & fatness.ReasonLess sleep causes protein hormone to 27._concerndeveloping countriesrising with 28._speedin the USAquite 29._20published 在第一段提到这个争辩已经成为公众所知。21Emphasis 在其次段第一句说到人们以前把争辩肥胖缘由的重点放在饮食和熬炼上。22exercise 以前争辩的重点是饮食和熬炼，现在是争辩睡眠。23covered 这里的covered与第三段第一句话里的一样，意为“采访”。24average an average of“以的平均数”，on average“平均为”。25insufficient 本文争辩的就是睡眠不足与肥胖之间的关系。26relationship/connection 依据文中的“investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship”可知，减肥在确定程度上印证了这个观点。27reduce/decline 睡眠不足使得某种荷尔蒙削减。28high 依据最终一段可知在进展中国家，这个问题很突出，可以猜想出dramatically这个副词是个程度副词，意为“极度地，明显地”。29common 在美国这个问题几乎到了流行病的程度，说明这已是普遍现象。【上海市黄浦区2022模拟】任务型阅读Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. applicationsB. devotedC. easy-goingD. efficientlyE. increasinglyF. interactG. freshH. publicizeI. respectJ. traditionalK. wildfireWhen US Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like _41_ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Square. Companies are _42_ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to _43_ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives _44_ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives _45_ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over _46_ machines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a product with their friends. Someones friend, someone they _47_, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and dont like, because they trust t