2021承德市高考英语信息匹配类、阅读类五月选练及答案5.docx

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.But，at nearly 500 years of age，time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.
The health of the famous picture，painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the Louvre Museum where it is housed.
“The thin，wooden panel on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.”the museum said.Visitors have noticed changes，but repairing the world's most famous painting is not easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current(现在的)chemical state.
Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It's very interesting that when you' re not looking at her，she seems to be smiling，and then，you look at her and she slops.”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“It' s because direct vision(视觉)is excellent at picking up detail，but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”
However，the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile.Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him，until it was eventually sold to France's King Francis I in 1519.
In 1911，the painting was stolen from the Louvre Museum by a former employee，who took it out of the museum hidden under his coat.He said he planned to return it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.
During World War II，French men hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.
Like many old ladies，the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.
1．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph means the Mona Lisa________.
A．is losing its value
B．is being damaged after so many years
C．is getting more valuable with years passing
D．will rot away
答案：B　细节理解题。首先，由转折词But推断，本句的意思应和文章前面所说“美貌是永恒的”在意义上相反。后面又介绍说“蒙娜·丽莎”的健康状况随着岁月的消逝而恶化，画的木板变形，因此断定此处的意思是指随着岁月的消逝，名画《蒙娜·丽莎》受到了损坏。
2．The smile of the Mona Lisa can only be seen__
A．by indirect vision B．at a distance
C．by direct vision D．in shadows
答案：A　细节理解题。文章第四段提到，人们“正视”时，往往看不到“蒙娜·丽莎”的微笑，缘由是当时达·芬奇是在暗处画得画，因此只有人们“不正视”时，才能看到她的微笑。
3．From the last paragraph，we can infer that________.
A．many interesting stories have been written about the Mona Lisa
B．people are interested in the stories about the Mona Lisa
C．some mysteries still remain to be solved about the Mona Lisa
D．many more stories will be told about the Mona Lisa
答案：C　推理推断题。文章前面提到“蒙娜·丽莎”的历史像她的微笑一样是个谜，因此最终一段的意思是她还有一些隐秘未被人知。
4．Experts haven't had any repairs on the Mona Lisa because________.
A．it is now in a poor chemical state
B．they don't know how to replace the wooden panel
C．they don't have the materials Da Vinci used
D．they are afraid it will be done further damage
答案：D　推理推断题。依据第三段最终一句可知，专家对于达·芬奇所用的材料及材料现在的化学状态没有把握，也就是说担忧盲目修补会更加损坏此画。A项讲此画状况极差，观点过激与本文不符；B项本文未提及；C项与第三段最终一句不符。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My newly-rented small apartment was far away from the centre of London and it was becoming essential for me to find a job, so finally I spent a whole morning getting to town and putting my name down to be considered by London Transport for a job on the underground. They were looking for guards, not drivers. This suited me. I couldn’t drive a car but thought that I could probably guard a train, and perhaps continue to write my poems between stations. The writers Keats and Chekhov had been doctors. T.S. Eliot had worked in a bank and Wallace Stevens for an insurance company. I’d be a subway guard. I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis（困难危急时期）. Obviously I’d be overqualified but I was willing to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges — those being particularly welcome to someone living a long way from the city centre.
The next day I sat down, with almost a hundred other candidates, for the intelligence test. I must have done all right because after about half an hour’s wait I was sent into another room for a psychological test. This time there were only about fifty candidates. The interviewer sat at a desk. Candidates were signaled forward to occupy the seat opposite him when the previous occupant had been dismissed, after a greater or shorter time. Obviously the long interviews were the more successful ones. Some of the interviews were as short as five minutes. Mine was the only one that lasted a minute and a half.
I can remember the questions now: “Why did you leave your last job?” “Why did you leave your job before that?” “And the one before that?” I can’t recall my answers, except that they were short at first and grew progressively shorter. His closing statement, I thought, revealed a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the underground railway. “You’ve failed the psychological test and we are unable to offer you a position.”
Failing to get that job was my low point. Or so I thought, believing that the work was easy. Actually, such jobs — being a postman is another one I still desire — demand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least qualified to give. But I was still far short of full self-understanding. I was also short of cash.
1．The writer applied for the job chiefly because _________.
A．he wanted to work in the centre of London
B．he could no longer afford to live without one
C．he was not interested in any other available job
D．he had received some suitable training
2．The writer thought he was overqualified for the job because _________.
A．he often traveled underground B．he had written many poems
C．he could deal with difficult situations D．he had worked in a company
3．The length of his interview meant that _________.
A．he was not going to be offered the job B．he had not done well in the intelligence test
C．he did not like the interviewer at all D．he had little work experience to talk about
4．What does the writer realize now that he did not realize then?
A．How unpleasant ordinary jobs can be. B．How difficult it is to be a poet.
C．How unsuitable he was for the job. D．How badly he did in the interview.
5．What’s the writer’s opinion of the psychologist?
A. He was very aggressive（有进取心的）. B. He was unhappy with his job.
C. He was quite inefficient. D. He was rather unsympathetic.
【参考答案】1—5、BCACD

阅读理解。
Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821, on the island of St. Helena off the coast of Africa. He was 51 years old at the time. When doctors examined Napoleon's body, they said that the former emperor of France had died from cancer of the stomach. That was the cause of death recorded in the official report. However, other doctors disagreed. One doctor who was present during the examination of the body said that Napoleon died of hepatitis（肝炎）. Other historians and medical experts have suggested that Napoleon died of syphilis（梅毒）, tuberculosis（肺结核）, or perhaps malaria. Now, after careful research, a British chemist thinks that Napoleon might have been poisoned -- not by a person, but by his wallpaper.
Napoleon was sent to the island of St. Helena in 1815 after he lost the battle of Waterloo. He was a prisoner on the island. Although he had servants to attend to him, he had to live in one small building. St. Helena is a very wet island, so the walls of the building were always covered with mold. Napoleon became ill from spending too much time inside his house. Almost constantly he had a fever, chills, and felt sick to his stomach. He often felt pain in his shoulders and in his side. His skin turned yellow. He got frequent headaches, and he would become dizzy and vomit. None of the medicine that the doctors gave Napoleon seemed to help. They were not sure what was the matter. Finally, Napoleon was too weak to leave the house. One night, while he was sleeping, he went into a coma （昏迷）and died.
Many doctors who later reviewed the reports of Napoleon's illness found that the symptoms did not show a man who suffered from stomach cancer. It seemed obvious that Napoleon had died from some other cause. In 1961, a Swedish doctor examined some of Napoleon’s hair and found a high level of arsenic（砒霜）, a chemical poison. Was Napoleon murdered? It is doubtful. Arsenic was used in many types of medicine during Napoleon’s time, so he might have taken the arsenic as a cure for his illness. Then, in 1982, Dr. David Jones from England began to look into the mystery and suggested that Napoleon might have breathed in arsenic which was in the air of his house. In the 1700s and 1800s, arsenic was used to make a kind of green paint used on cloth and wallpaper. If the paint was used on a wet wall, the arsenic would go into the air. A person in the room might breathe that air. After studying the wallpaper in the room where Napoleon died, Dr. Jones found high levels of arsenic in the green paint on the walls.
6. The passage says that .
A. a British doctor thinks he has found the cause of Napoleon's death
B. many doctors have tried to guess the cause of Napoleon's death
C. Napoleon could have died from poison
D. all of the above
7. Why did Napoleon live on St. Helena?
A. He owned the island. B. He was a prisoner there.
C. His family lived there. D. He liked the island.
8. Napoleon suffered from the following symptoms except __________.
A. chills B. fever C dizziness D. bleeding
9. The official report said that Napoleon died of____________.
A. cancer B. a coma C. mold D. poison
10. According to Dr. Jones, how did the arsenic probably get into Napoleon's body?
A. He ate it. B. He breathed it in.
C. He touched it. D. He drank it.
【参考答案】6—10、DBDAB

【2021高考复习】任务型读写
A study published Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat，and experts said it’s time to find out if more sleep will fight fatness.
“We’ve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise that we’ve failed to recognize the value of good sleep，”said Fred Turek，a physician at Northwestern University.
Monday’s study from Eastern Virgnia Medical School in Norfolk covered 1,000 people and found that total sleep time decreased as body mass index－a measure of weight based on height increased.
“Men slept an average of 27 minutes less than women and overweight and fat patients slept less than patients with normal weights，”it said.In general the fatter subjects slept about 1.8 hours a week less than those with normal weights.
“Americans experience insufficient sleep and fat bodies.Clinicians are aware of the burden of fatness on patients，”the study said.
“Our findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may not be necessary，as an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night seems to be associated with a lower body mass index，”it added.
“We caution that this study does not set up a cause­and­effect relationship between restricted sleep and fatness，but investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship.”
The study was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine along with an editorial by Turek and Northwestern colleague Joseph Bass commenting on it and related research.
Inan interview，Turek said some studies have shown the lack of sleep causes declines in an appetiteholding back protein hormone，and increases in another hormone that cause a longing for food.“In addition neuropathies(神经疗法)in the brain governing sleep and fatness appear to overlap(部分重叠)，”he said.
“Fatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries and reached epidemic(流行病)levels in the United States，”it added，“leading to a variety of health problems.”
A new study having been 20.________
21._______
in the past
diet and 22.________
this time
sleep
A study from Eastern Virginia Medical School
People
1,000 were 23.________
difference
Men slept 27ms less than women on 24.________
Americans' problem
25.________ sleep and fat bodies
conclusion
Weight loss set up 26.________ between sleep & fatness.
Reason
Less sleep causes protein hormone to 27.________
concern
developing countries
rising with 28.________speed
in the USA
quite 29.______

20．published [在第一段提到这个争辩已经成为公众所知。]
21．Emphasis [在其次段第一句说到人们以前把争辩肥胖缘由的重点放在饮食和熬炼上。]
22．exercise [以前争辩的重点是饮食和熬炼，现在是争辩睡眠。]

23．covered [这里的covered与第三段第一句话里的一样，意为“采访”。]
24．average [an average of“以……的平均数”，on average“平均为”。]
25．insufficient [本文争辩的就是睡眠不足与肥胖之间的关系。]
26．relationship/connection [依据文中的“investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship”可知，减肥在确定程度上印证了这个观点。]
27．reduce/decline [睡眠不足使得某种荷尔蒙削减。]
28．high [依据最终一段可知在进展中国家，这个问题很突出，可以猜想出dramatically这个副词是个程度副词，意为“极度地，明显地”。]
29．common [在美国这个问题几乎到了流行病的程度，说明这已是普遍现象。]

【上海市黄浦区2022模拟】任务型阅读
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. applications
B. devoted
C. easy-going
D. efficiently
E. increasingly
F. interact
G. fresh
H. publicize
I. respect
J. traditional
K. wildfire

When US’ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Square.
 　　Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.
　　Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.
　　“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ machines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.
 　　Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a product with their friends. Someone’s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don’t like, because they trust t