1、其次部分语法专项突破(四)真题改编,语法填空1(2022陕西19改编)_ village where I was born has grown into _ town.答案:The;a句意:我诞生的那个村庄已经进展成为一个城镇了。village后面有定语从句修饰,说明此处village为特指,故用定冠词,town在此处为泛指,故用不定冠词。2(2022江西22改编)They chose Tom to be _ captain of the team because they knew he was _ smart leader.答案:the;a句意:他们选择汤姆作为足球队的队长由于他们知道他是
2、一位聪慧的领导。第一个空用the表示特指“足球队的队长”;其次个空leader是可数名词,此处表示泛指,因此用不定冠词a。3(2022重庆6改编)I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village.答案:the;a句意:我无法告知你去威尔逊家的路,由于我们村里根本就没有叫威尔逊的人。第一个空表示特指去威尔逊家的路,故用定冠词the;其次个空表示泛指,因此用不定冠词a。4(2022天津8改编)Life is like _ ocean: Only _ strongwilled
3、can reach the other shore.答案:an;the句意:生活就像大海,只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。ocean为泛指,因此用不定冠词;strongwilled为形容词,与定冠词连用特指“意志坚强的人”。5(2022浙江2改编)The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days _ week, often long into_night.答案:a;the句意:下个月要交论文了,我现在一个星期学习七天,每天都要学习到深夜。第一空a week中的a表示“每个”的含义,用不定冠词a,相当于per;而其次空into t
4、he night是固定用法,表示“入夜,深夜”,所以用定冠词the。6(2021山东改编)It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.答案:a; the本题考查冠词。句意:那是一个寒冷冬天的晚上,月亮在夜晚的空中闪闪发光。第一空表示泛指,且night是可数名词,故用a;sky是独一无二的事物,故用定冠词。7(2021陕西改编)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ t
5、hirteenth century.答案:the; the本题考查冠词。句意:据说马可波罗在十三世纪去爪哇的路上在太平洋上航行过。在表示“江河湖海山脉群岛”的名词前加定冠词the;在世纪表达法中的序数词前面要用定冠词the。8(2021重庆改编)The parents were shocked by _ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee.答案:the;an本题考查冠词。句意:这对父母听到儿子需要做膝盖手术的消息很震惊。由语境可知,第一空特指“儿子膝盖要做手术的消息”,news前要加定冠词the;其次空operation作“手术
6、”讲时为可数名词,此处是指“某一个手术”,前要加不定冠词an。9(2021江西改编)Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man.答案:a;/考查冠词。句意:很明显动物是一种比人类低级的生物形式。空一用不定冠词表示“一种”,man表示“人类”时,前面不加冠词。10(2021福建改编)The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, peace and development.答案:a;a本题考查冠词用于泛指的用法。由
7、句意“中国梦是一个要改善人们的福利的梦并且是一个和谐、和平以及进展的幻想。”可知两空均为泛指。11(2021新课标全国改编)Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.答案:a;a本题考查冠词的用法。句意:四个半小时的争辩使我们到了半夜,休息了一会儿吃了点奶酪、巧克力,喝了点茶。“半个小时”的说法是:half an hour或a half hour。break“间歇”,是单数可数名词,如have a break“休
8、息一会儿”。12(2021新课标全国改编)India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle.答案:不填; a本题考查冠词的用法。句意:经过很长的斗争后,印度在1947年独立了。independence“(国家的)独立,自主”,是不行数名词,其前不用冠词。struggle是单数名词,其前加不定冠词a。13(2022安徽改编)Carl is studying _ food science at college and hopes to open up _meat processing factory of his own on
9、e day.答案:/;a句意:卡尔正在高校学习食品科学,他期望有一天能开办一个属于他自己的肉食加工厂。学科类名词前不用冠词,故第一个空不填冠词;其次个空表示泛指,强调数量“一”,所以用不定冠词。14(2022江西改编)The Smiths dont usually like staying at _hotels,but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _sea.答案:/;thehotels在此处是泛指,所以第一个空不用任何冠词;by the sea意为“在海边”。15(2022辽宁改编)I woke up wi
10、th _bad headache,yet by _ evening the pain had gone.答案:a;the句意:我起床时猛烈头痛,不过到了晚上苦痛消逝了。第一个空用不定冠词构成a bad headache,其次个空要用定冠词为习惯用法。16(2022四川改编)We are said to be living in _Information Age,_time of new discoveries and great changes.答案:the;a第一个空指的是信息时代,是对Information Age的特指,应使用the。其次个空a time of.作了前面Informati
11、on Age的同位语,意为“一个的时代”,是泛指概念。句意:据说我们生活在信息时代,一个拥有新的发觉和巨大变化的时代。17(2022浙江改编)The development of industry has been _gradual process throughout _human existence,from stone tools to modern technology.答案:a;不填process是一个可数名词,此处用不定冠词修饰,表示“一个逐步的过程”;其次个空后面的human existence是抽象名词,前面不需要任何冠词。18(2022山东改编)Being able to a
12、fford _ drink would be _comfort in those tough times.答案:a;a句意:在那艰苦的岁月里能够买得起一杯饮料将会是一种劝慰。drink在此句中表泛指,指“一杯或一种饮料”;comfort作“劝慰,舒适”讲时,为不行数名词,但在此用a comfort表示“一个令人劝慰的人或事”,comfort为可数名词。19(2022重庆改编)Sam has been appointed _manager of the engineering department to take _place of George.答案:/;the“manager of the
13、engineering department”在句中作主语补足语。表示独一无二的头衔作同位语、主语补足语和宾语补足语时前面不加冠词;take the place of“代替”,为固定短语。句意:萨姆已经被委任为工程部的经理来代替乔治。20(2022全国改编)He missed _gold in the high jump,but will get _second chance in the long jump.答案:the;a第一个空是特指跳高的金牌,因此要用the gold;其次个空表示“又一次机会”,不表示特指。应用a。21(2022课标全国改编)Sarah looked at _fini
14、shed painting with _satisfaction.答案:the;不填第一空应用定冠词,特指“完成的那幅画”;其次个空不用冠词,with satisfaction为固定短语,意为“满足地”。22(2021银川、吴忠部分中学高三联考改编)We all sighed with _ relief when _ plane finally landed safely.答案:/; the句意:当飞机最终平安着陆的时候,我们全都如释重负地松了一口气。relief作“轻松,解脱”讲时,为不行数名词,故第一空不填;其次个空特指“我们”乘坐的飞机,故其次空用定冠词the。23(2021甘肃兰州、靖
15、远名校高三模拟改编) Social practice is an opportunity for students to gain _ better understanding of how _ society operates.答案:a; /gain a better understanding of.表示“获得对更好的理解”,故第一空用不定冠词a; society表示“社会”,其前不需要用冠词。24(2021辽宁六校高三上学期联考改编)In _ face of more and more “dropout factories”, many people prefer to be paid
16、on _ daily basis.答案:the; a句意:面对越来越多的“中途倒闭工厂”,很多人更宠爱按天结算酬劳。in the face of是固定短语,表示“面对”;on a daily basis表示“每天”,也是固定短语,表示“面对”;on a daily basis表示“每天”,也是固定用法。25(2021河南郑州高中毕业班质量猜想改编)How do you find the guy who took _ office last week?Hes always finding _ fault with others.答案:/; /句意:“你觉得上周就职的那个人怎么样?”“他总是找别人的茬”。take office“就职”,find fault with sb“找某人的茬”,两者均为固定短语,故两个空均不填冠词。