2021高考英语(三月)乌鲁木齐市信息匹配、任务型及阅读理解训练(6)附答案.docx

2021高考英语（三月）乌鲁木齐市信息匹配、任务型及阅读理解训练（6）附答案

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.
Fox Point is operated by Palladian, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladian received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.
Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.
( ) 1. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.
B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.
C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.
D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.
( ) 2. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?
A. Lower running costs. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m B. Costing less in construction.
C. Less air to be lost in hot days. D. Better prices for homeless people.
( ) 3. It can be learned from the text that,
A. New York City is seriously polluted w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
B. people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York City
C. a great number of people in New York City don't have houses to live in
D. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City
( ) 4. What is the main purpose of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m

A. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.
B. To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.
C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.
D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.
语篇解读：本篇文章为科技说明文。作者以Fox Point居住群的boiler rooms为切入点，阐述此类房子的环保节能的优点，以及各城市特殊是纽约队建筑此类建筑的乐观响应。
1. 答案：C
考点：作者的写作意图
解析：从第一段最终两句，作者描述开水房仅是从一个侧面呈现整个建筑群的节能，环保，可以得出答案。
2. 答案：A
考点：细节理解
解析：依据文章第三段倒数其次句：Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.可得到答案。句意为“达到这一标准会将建筑成本提高2%，但很快会被它的低成本运行成本补回”
3. 答案：B
考点：细节理解
解析：依据文章第四段其次句：Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing..可得出答案
4. 答案：D
考点：作者的写作目的
解析：本文主要让读者了解这类健康、环保、经济类住房。

阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
As a human being you may have the choice of three basic attitudes towards life. You may treat life with the philosophy (哲学) of the vegetable, in which case your life will include being born, eating, drinking, sleeping, marrying, growing old and dying.
The second basic attitude is to look at life as if it were a business. A great many so-called successful men and women believe that life is a business. If you believe so, your first question of life, naturally, is " What do I get out of it? " " How much is this worth to me?" In a word, based on this attitude, happiness becomes a matter of successful competition. The great majority of human beings today look at life as if it were a business.
The third attitude toward life is the way of the artist. Here the basic philosophy is "What can I put into it?". They value cooperation and contribution. This point of view has been proved by history; for history remembers best those who have contributed most richly to the interests of their fellow-men. The more we investigate(调查),the more we become certain that the artistic attitude is the only one which goes with human happiness.
1. From the passage we know people who take the second life attitude ________.
A. are mostly businessmen
B. think of getting the interests (利益) first
C. find their happiness from hard work
D. take competition as their whole life
2. People who are best remembered by history are probably
A. those living on vegetables B. successful men
C. artists D. businessmen
3. We may infer from this passage that ________.
A. some people are living only on vegetables
B. the artistic attitude is accepted by most people
C. the writer prefers the third life attitude
D. artists do most for the society in order to be remembered longer than others
【参考答案及解析】
1. B 推断题。其次种人生态度是把生活看作一种生意，当然是利益最重要了。
2. C 细节题。从最终一段第四句可知。
3. C 推断题。从文章的最终一句可推知

【2022陕西省西安市长安区第一中学一模】
（共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分）
依据短文内容, 从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。

A. Control of respiration
B. Basic tips for preserving cut flowers
C. Role of respiration
D. Most important aspect of flower care
E. Need for clean water
F. Ways of stopping respiration

61. ______________
While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts. The key to keeping fresh cut flower for a week or more without preservatives ( which contain biocides (杀虫剂) that kill bacterial and fungus) is to keep the water fresh and the stems free of air pockets so they can continue to draw up water.
62. ______________
An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly harvested flowered at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.
63. ______________
The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide, called respiration (呼吸), supplies the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.
64. ______________
How, then, to control the speed at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature, we know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse ( 反面 ) is also true. Thus by keeping low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.
65. ______________
Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink” water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, chlorine bleach ( 含氯漂白剂 ) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach be added to each liter of water. The water and solution （ 溶液 ）should also be replaced each day.
【参考答案】61-65 BDCAE