2021深圳市高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练(4)及答案.docx

2021深圳市高考英语语法填空、阅读类训练（4）及答案

语法填空。阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用口号中词语的正确形式填空 ，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。
There once lived a boy named Woo Sing, 16 father brought home a mirror. Woo Sing had never seen one before. So when he saw it for the first time, he didn’t understand 17 it was, but thought he saw 18 boy, which made him very happy, for he thought the boy had come to play with him. He spoke to the stranger in a very friendly way, but received no reply. He laughed and waved at the boy, who did exactly 19 same thing. Then he thought, “I’ll go closer. It may be that he doesn’t hear me”. But when he began to walk, the other boy imitated（仿照）him. Woo Sing stopped 20 (think) about these strange actions, saying to himself, “This boy is fooling me. He does everything that I do;” and the more he thought about it, the 21 (angry) he became and soon he noticed the boy became angry too. So Woo Sing 22 (strike) the boy in the glass, but he only hurt his own hand and went 23 (cry) to his father, who said, “The boy you saw was 24 image. This should teach you an important lesson, my son. You should never show your anger to others. Now remember that in real life when you strike 25 cause you’ll hurt yourself most of all.”
【参考答案】语法填空：
16. whose 17. what 18. another 19. the 20. to think
21. angrier 22. struck 23. crying 24. your 25. without

完形填空
Susan was a shy but clever girl.She couldn't see too well and had worn glasses for many years.
Some of her classmates began to__1__at her big glasses.Lewis started calling her“Four Eyes”．She acted like she didn't mind，but in fact Susan couldn't__2__it.
One day，the class went to visit some famous caves，when Lewis put his foot in a hole and slipped.While__3__，he grabbed onto Susan，who was walking next to him，and both fell down the hole and landed in a very big__4__cave.All that could be seen was a single ray of light coming from the cave roof，and some__5__which had fallen through the hole.Susan and Lewis shouted for help，but no one came.He used the__6__light to look for a way out.But after hours of__7__，he found nothing，and started feeling__8__.
It must have been__9__，when Susan noticed that the ray of light was descending from the hole in a straight line，and__10__on the floor in front of her.__11__，she took a piece of__12__that had fallen into the cave，and，using her__13__as a magnifying glass，she__14__the ray of light onto the wood until a little__15__sprang up.Now they had a torch.Lewis watched all this with surprise and__16__.He grabbed some more branches，and off they went together，to__17__the cave.
It took them some time，and they had to__18__quite a few torches，but finally they found a way out.He now__19__having given her that name，__20__seeing that it was her glasses that had saved them both.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。聪慧而大方的Susan由于戴眼镜而受到同学的赞扬。但在一次班级出游中，赞扬她的同学Lewis和Susan一同掉进了一个漆黑的地窖中，是Susan用自己的眼镜聚集太阳光点燃了洞里的枯树枝两人才得以走出地窖。
1．A.shout B．laugh C．point D．glance
解析　从后一句“Lewis started calling her‘Four Eyes’”可知，同学们开头赞扬Susan戴眼镜。laugh at“赞扬。”
答案　B
2．A.stand B．understand C．resist D．stop
解析　依据前句和转折词可知，Susan表面不在乎别人的赞扬，但事实上难以忍受。stand“容忍，忍受”，符合语境。
答案　A
3．A.passing B．walking C．crying D．falling
解析　Lewis在滑倒的时候抓住了走在他旁边的Susan。由语境可知D项正确。
答案　D
4．A.narrow B．empty C．dark D．cold
解析　从下句只能看到从洞顶射进来的一束光和后文两人用火把照明可知，山洞里格外黑。
答案　C
5．A.branches B．stones C．leaves D．fruits
解析　从后文Susan用树枝做火把可知，有些树枝掉到了洞中。
答案　A
6．A.natural B．strong C．artificial D．weak
解析　从前文可知，只有一缕阳光照进洞中，由此可知光线很微弱。
答案　D
7．A.waiting B．searching C．planning D．talking
解析　Lewis试图借着光亮查找出去的路，但是经过几个小时的查找，并没有找到出口。
答案　B
8．A.annoyed B．starved C．frightened D．puzzled
解析　经过几个小时的查找仍未找到出口，他开头感到可怕。
答案　C
9．A.noon B．supper time
C．early morning D．late afternoon
解析　阳光直射在洞中，由此推断此时已经是中午了。
答案　A
10．A.shining B．reflecting C．spreading D．landing
解析　从时间到了中午这一细节可知，阳光从洞口射入，落在地面上。land“落下，掉下”，符合语境。
答案　D
11．A.Slowly B．Quickly C．Quietly D．Finally
解析　Susan很快拿起了一块掉在山洞里的木头。故B项正确，其他三项均不符合语境。
答案　B
12．A.rock B．grass C．wood D．paper
解析　后文有提示，Susan用树枝做成了火把，因此此处指“木头”。
答案　C
13．A.keys B．shoes C．glasses D．knives
解析　从本文最终一句可知，正是Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此此处指她将眼镜用作放大镜来点燃木头。
答案　C
14．A.collected B．focused
C．placed D．poured
解析　由语境可知，此处指她用眼镜把阳光聚集在木头上。focus“集中(光束于)”，符合语境。
答案　B
15．A.air B．smoke C．light D．flame
解析　在阳光的照射下，木头点燃了，毁灭了小火苗。
答案　D
16．A.excitement B．shock
C．wonder D．pride
解析　看到眼前发生的一切，Lewis感到既吃惊又兴奋，由于两人可以借助火把找到地窖的出口了。
答案　A
17．A.explode B．enlarge C．explore D．dig
解析　他又捡了一些树枝，他们一起去探究地窖。
答案　C
18．A.break B．burn C．hold D．make
解析　两人花费了很长时间，烧掉了好几根火把，但是最终他们找到了出口。
答案　B
19．A.preferred B．remembered
C．enjoyed D．regretted
解析　Susan的眼镜救了两人的命，因此Lewis懊悔当时给Susan起那个外号。regret doing sth“懊悔做了某事”。
答案　D
20．A.especially B．actually
C．carefully D．thoroughly
解析　尤其是当他看到正是她的眼镜救了两人的命。especially“尤其”，符合语境。
答案　A

阅读下面短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A study has showed that the brain makes decisions about 10 seconds before a person realizes it.
Experts involved in the study said that looking at brain activity while making a decision,　they could predict the choices the subjects would make, before they realized that they had made a decision. Lead researcher John-Dylan Haynes, a neuroscientist (神经学家)at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig, said that the new findings called into questions for “consciousness”of decisions that people make, and might even challenge ideas as to how“free”people are to make a decision at a particular moment.　
“We think our decisions are conscious, but these data show that consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg,”Nature magazine quoted (引用) him as saying. Thinking the results“quite dramatic”, Frank Tong of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, said that 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity.
During the study, the brains of 14 volunteers were imaged as they performed a decision-making task. The subjects had two buttons before them, each to be operated by a different hand, which they could press when they felt the urge to. They were simultaneously (同时地)shown a stream of letters, which appeared on a screen at half-second intervals (间隔). The volunteers had to remember which letter was showing when they decided to press their button.　
Upon analysis of the data, the researchers realized that the earliest signal they could catch started seven seconds before the volunteers reported having made their decision. Given the delay of a few seconds in the imaging, they reckoned (估量) that the brain activity could have begun about ten seconds before the conscious decision. The researchers showed that the signals were picked up from a region (区域)called the frontopolar cortex (脑额极皮层),　which is located at the front of the brain, immediately behind the forehead.　
While writing about the observations made during the research in his study report, Haynes said that the frontopolar cortex might be the brain region where decisions are started. He also showed that the next step in the research would be to speed up the data analysis so as to enable his team to predict people’s choices as their brains would make them.
1. The passage tells us that ______.　
A. we are aware of our whole process of decision-making
B. people don’t make decisions until they realize it
C. experts have no way to tell what decision one will make
D. the decision-making process starts before it is made
2. The underlined word “subjects”in Para. 2 probably refers to ______.　
A. the topic of the experts’ research paper
B. the scientific subjects that the experts were studying
C. the things that experts don’t know clearly
D. the volunteers that the experts worked on for their research
3. The underlined sentence“consciousness is just the tip of the iceberg”in Para. 4 means that ______.　
A. our decision-making is conscious
B. the data contains a lot of information besides consciousness
C. consciousness is the major part of the data
D. 10 seconds is“a lifetime”in terms of brain activity
4. The final purpose of the research ______.　
A. is not stated clearly in the passage B. is not acknowledged by experts
C. is to show where decision-making starts D. is to analyze the data picked up
5. The passage implies that ______.　
A. the research has been completed
B. the research was conducted by two experts
C. the decision-making process lasts only about 10 seconds
D. we may predict what decisions people will make in the future
【参考答案】1—4、DDBA