小学英语语法：表示地点的介词.docx

表示地点的介词表示地点（包括动向）的介词at, in, on,toat表示在小地方:I arriveatschoolat nine every morning.我每天早上九点到校。表示“在附近，旁边”The Smiths areatthe beach.史密斯一家在沙滩上。in表示在大地方：When did you arrive in Beljing？你什么时候到北京的？表示“在范围之内”:The penclis in the pencl-box.铅笔在铅笔盒里。on表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”Mongolia is on the north of China.蒙古在中国的北面。表示在某物体上面并与之接触：He put his watch on the table.他把手表放桌上。to表示“在范围外”不强调是否接壤：或“到”：Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。above, overabove指“在上方”，不强调是否垂直，与 below相对：The bird is flying above my head.鸟儿在我头顶上飞过。over指垂直的上方，与under相对，over有覆盖的含义在里面：There is a bridge over the river.江上有座桥。below, underunder表示“在正下方”：There is a cat under the table.桌子下面有只猫。below表示“在下方”，不一定在正下方：Please write your name below the line.请在线的下方写上您的名字。in front of, in the front ofin front of“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括：其反义词是behind（在的后面）：There are some flowers in front of the house.房子前面有些花卉。In the front of“在的前部，即甲物在乙物的内部，反义词是at the back of.（在范围内的后部）：There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。beside, behind,nearbeside表示“在旁边”：Tom sits beside Ben.汤姆坐在本的旁边。behind表示“在后面”：The fountain is behind the hill.喷泉在假山后面。near表示“在附近”（范围比较广）：Dont stand near the lake,children.孩子们，不要站在河边。Near my home,there is a supermarket.在我家附近有一家超市。between, amongBetween（指时间、空间、顺序等）在之间（两者之间）：They planted a lot of trees between the two buldings.他们在两座建筑物之间栽了许多树。These books were written between 1736 and 1770.这些书写于1736年至1770年之间。（指数量、距离、程度等）介于之间（两者之间）He is a man between sixty and seventy.他的年龄约在 6O 到70之间。连接着；来往于之间（两者之间）：There is a path between the house and the road.有条小路将房子与出路连接起来。among（表示位置）处在中，为所环绕，为所环抱：He was sitig among a group of chidren, telling them a story.他正坐在一群孩子中间讲故事。（表示范围）在之内，在一类之中，是中之一，在群中：She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同学之中是最高的。学习小贴士between作为介词使用时往往会和and一起出现，如果没有出现，则后面的名词必须为复数形式，例： The table isbetween the tree and the bench.桌子在树和长凳的中间。 The table isbetween the trees.桌子在树的中间。地点（动向）介词往往也会搭配一些动词，以动词词组的方式出现在句中。up/down（含义相反）The car is running up the hill.汽车正向山上开来。The car is running down the hill.汽车正向山下开去。on/of（含义相反）We get on the train at nine and get off the train at five.我们九点上火车，五点下火车。through/across（含义相近）Go straigntthroughthat door,please.请从那道门直穿过去。We drovethroughthe tunnel.我们开车穿过了隧道。You must not runacrossthe road. 你不要跑过马路。A bridge was laidacrossthe river.一座桥横架河上。学习小贴士across和through 都有“穿过，通过”的意思。但 across 往往指的是在物体的表面通过，而 through指的是从物体的中间通过。along/by（含义相近）She walkedalongthe path.她沿着小路走去。I lookedalongthe length of the building.我的视线掠过整幢大楼。He walkedbyme without speaking. 他从我身边走过,什么也没说。My brother goesbythe building every day.我哥哥每天经过这幢大楼。