2015届高考英语第一轮梯级演练检测试题23.doc

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课时提升作业(二十三)
选修7　Unit 4
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. (2014·上饶模拟)Once air pollution　　　　in most cities, it is hard　　　　.
A. rises; dealing with　　 B. arouses; to be dealt with
C. raises; dealt with D. arises; to deal with
2. If you will　　　the affair, I shall be very grateful.
A. apply B. experience
C. undertake D. command
3. (2014·嘉兴模拟)Jiaxing is a small city. Therefore, to　　　the flow of traffic, the government has decided to broaden some main streets.
A. speed up B. build up
C. put up D. come up
4. (2014·贵州六校联盟二联)Since your English is poor, why not　　　an English club to improve it?
A. to consider joining B. consider to join
C. considering to join D. consider joining
5. (2014·常州模拟)I tried to　　　in my speech how grateful we all were for his help.
A. convey B. communicate
C. contact D. correspond
6. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours　　　a decision.
A. they reached B. did they reach
C. they reach D. do they reach
7. The workers are loading the goods　　　a car, that is, they’re loading the car　　　
goods.
A. with; with B. into; into
C. into; with D. with; into
8. (2014·济南高考模拟)　　　you have a healthy diet, you can reduce its benefits by bad eating habits.
A. As long as B. Even if
C. As far as D. Now that
9. When he tried to make a　　　, he found that the hotel that he wanted was completely filled because of a meeting.
A. complaint B. claim
C. reservation D. decision
10. Due to the super typhoon Haiyan, all the flights were delayed or cancelled, so the conference had to be　　　.
A. put off B. put through
C. put up D. put down
11. (原创)The African singer Haodi　　　Chinese by singing Chinese songs.
A. picked up B. took up
C. made up D. turned up
12. (2014·昆明模拟)They are standing on the top of the mountain, 　　　　the scenery around.
A. to enjoy B. enjoyed
C. having enjoyed D. enjoying
13. The boy　　　his breakfast in order to get to school on time.
A. choked down B. choked back
C. choked off D. choked up
14. (2014·盐城模拟)—Good morning, Grand Theater.
—Hello. This is Larry Jackson and I’m calling to confirm the　　　　made by phone on Monday for two box seats for “King Lear”.
—Just a minute, please.
A. accommodation B. reservation
C. application D. distinction
15. I can’t understand　　　a decision until it is too late.
A. him to postpone to make
B. his postpone to make
C. him to postpone making
D. his postponing making
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
A
Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉)can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation(基金会)for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Excessive(too great)speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards(danger)are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles and bridges.
Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
1. The passage mainly discusses　　　.
A. a new way of highway speed control
B. a new pattern for painting highways
C. a new way of training drivers
D. a new type of optical illusion
2. On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that　　　.
A. they should avoid speed-related hazards
B. they are driving in the wrong lane
C. they should slow down their speed
D. they are coming near to the speed limit
3. The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former　　　.
A. can keep drivers awake
B. can cut road accidents in half
C. will look more attractive
D. will have a longer effect on drivers
4. The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to　　　.
A. try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B. change the road signs across the country
C. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons
D. repeat the Japanese road patterns
5. What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?
A. They are suitable only on broad roads.
B. They are falling out of use in the United States.
C. They are ignored in a long period of time.
D. They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.

B
Cabs, the underground, driving. . . in London these modes of transport are expensive. As a student on a budget, I couldn’t afford the 30 pounds fare for a cab. Even a bus was one pound and 20 pence for a single ticket. I didn’t need to travel this way anyway. I had Mabel—my London bike.
When I moved to Beijing, like every foreigner, I was delighted to discover I could take a cab for cheaper than a single journey on the “Tube”. But something was wrong. I missed Mabel. That was when I met Mandarin Mabel, also known as Mandy, my Beijing bike.
In many ways, Beijing is made for cycling. It is flat, an easy terrain(地形)compared with hilly London. The city’s north/south/east/west grid structure is also easier to navigate(确定路线)than London’s unplanned, twisting(曲折的)streets.
However, Beijing comes completely with its own dangers. The rules of the road are flexible(灵活的). Bikes, cars and pedestrians(行人)all float up and down lanes in both directions.
Compared with London’s terrible cycle paths, in Beijing, every road has a huge, wide cycle lane. But cars, cabs and motorbikes see no reason why they shouldn’t use these as a shortcut, and why they shouldn’t beep(鸣笛)at you to get out of their way when they do.
Despite the beeping, though, Beijing traffic is more good-natured. In London, the road is an active war zone. People shout, swear(咒骂)and beat on each other’s windows.
Beijing drivers never get actively angry. In fact, often they even don’t see cyclists. Obviously that means it’s up to the cyclist to see them.
　　Mandy is a true Beijing bike. She is rusty(生锈的), she makes loud noises every time you push her pedals(踏板)and I have had to make several emergency repair stops for her.
　　But cycling around Beijing on a sunny day is a joy. It is just me, Mandy and the city.
6. What does the author want to do?
A. To tell us what makes the author love cycling.
B. To compare cycling in Beijing with that in London.
C. To introduce the differences between Mabel and Mandy.
D. To explain why Beijing is made for cycling.
7. What can we conclude from the first paragraph?
A. Bicycles are the most popular means of transport in London.
B. To save money, the author used to travel around by bus in London.
C. The expense of public transport makes some people want to buy a bike.
D. The author didn’t travel around London because of the high cost of public transport.
8. What does the author think of cycling around Beijing?
A. The city’s twisting streets make it hard for the rider to find the way.
B. Cars, cabs and motorbikes on the cycle lane pose a threat to cyclists.
C. With the flat terrain and wide cycle lanes, it’s safer to cycle in Beijing than in London.
D. The traffic in Beijing is worse than that in London due to the city’s flexible road rules.
9. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. In the author’s view, Beijing drivers are less polite than London drivers.
B. In London, cars, cabs and motorbikes are allowed to use the cycle paths.
C. People in Beijing are at ease about traffic rules.
D. Mandy breaks down so easily that it makes the author miss her London bike Mabel.
【语篇随练】多练一点　技高一筹
根据阅读理解完成句子
1. , we were left waiting in the rain for two hours.
信不信由你, 我们冒雨一直等了两个小时。
2. , he is still out of work.
尽管他申请了数百个工作, 但仍然在失业中。
3. Children’s lives are in danger .
孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。
答案解析
Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】选D。考查动词辨析和不定式的用法。句意: 在多数城市一旦空气污染产生了, 就很难解决。rise“上升, 上涨, 起身”, arouse“激起”, raise“提高, 筹集, 饲养”, arise“产生, 发生”, 所以第一空填arises, 第二空使用的是: sb. /sth. is+adj. +to do. . . 句型, 其中的不定式用主动表示被动, 选D。
【加固训练】
A completely new situation will　　　when the new examination system comes into existence.
A. arise　　 　B. rise　　 　C. raise 　　　D. arouse
【解析】选A。句意: 当新的考试制度形成时, 一种全新的局面将会出现。A项“出现”, 符合句意。B项“升起”, C项“抬起, 培养, 饲养, 提出(问题等), 筹集(资金等)”, D项“激发, 激起”。
2. 【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意: 要是你愿意承办这件事, 我将不胜感激。apply“应用”; experience“经历”; undertake“承诺, 承担”; command“命令”, C项符合句意。
3. 【解析】选A。speed up意思是: (使)加速。句意: 嘉兴是一个小城。因此, 为了加速车辆的流动, 政府已经决定拓宽几条主要的街道。
4. 【解析】选D。why not +动词原形, 意思是: 为什么不……。consider在这里意思是: 考虑, 后面用动词的-ing形式作宾语。
5. 【解析】选A。句意: 我努力在我的演讲中表达我们对他的帮助是多么感激。所以选convey“表达”。communicate“通讯, 传达”; contact“使接触”; correspond“符合, 一致, 通讯”。
6. 【解析】选B。考查倒装结构。句意: 只有在他们讨论这个问题好几个小时之后, 他们才做出决定。only修饰时间状语从句且位于句首时, 主句应采用部分倒装的形式。根据状语从句的时态, 可以确定主句应用一般过去时态。故选B。
7. 【解析】选C。考查load的用法。load sth. into. . . 意为“把某物装入……”; load sth. with sth. 意为“用……装载……”, 故选C项。
【拓展延伸】与load有关的合成词
overload超载; 　unload卸货; 　download下载;
upload上传; 　carload车载量; 　workload工作量
8. 【解析】选B。考查连词。句意: 即使你有健康的饮食, 也会因不好的饮食习惯而减少它的益处。even if意为“即使”, 符合句意。
9. 【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 当他试图预订房间时, 发现那个旅馆因为有一个会议已经客满了。reservation预订, 与题意吻合。
10. 【解析】选A。考查动词词组辨析。句意: 由于超级台风“海燕”, 所有的航班都被推迟或取消了, 因此这个会议不得不被推迟了。put off推迟; put through完成; put up张贴; put down记下。
11.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 非洲歌手郝弟通过唱中国歌曲学习汉语。pick up“(通过实践)学会”; take up“从事; 占据(时间或空间)”; make up“组成”; turn up“出现; 开大”。根据句意, 选A。
12. 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们正站在山顶欣赏周围的美景。enjoying是现在分词作伴随状语。故选D。
【加固训练】
Having been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature, 　　　.
A. Mo Yan’s years of effort was well deserved
B. his folks back at home were on top of the world
C. the current network evaluation is full of envy and jealousy
D. Mo Yan felt that his years of effort paid off
【解析】选D。句意: 被授予2012年诺贝尔文学奖之后, 莫言觉得他多年的努力获得了回报。非谓语动词的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。其他三个选项的主语都不是having been awarded的逻辑主语, 在语法上是错误的。
13. 【解析】选A。句意: 这个男孩匆忙地吃完早餐, 以便按时到达学校。choke down硬咽(食物); choke back忍住, 抑制; choke off中止, 责备, 使结束; choke up阻塞, 噎住。
14. 【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。make the reservation“预订”。这里说的是确认一下电话预订的座位。故选B。
15. 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词的用法。understand后跟名词或动名词作宾语; postpone后跟v. -ing。
Ⅱ. 【文章大意】为了控制车速, 减少交通事故, 美国决定仿照日本在公路上画人字形标志。
1. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文, 我们可以知道, 在公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快, 从而达到控制车速的目的。
2. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由But stripes, called chevrons, painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. 可知C项正确。
3. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由最后两段对比可知, 人字形线比直线、水平线对控制车速有更长久的影响。
4. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country, 可知他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。
5. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. 可知司机们在很长时间后会对这些标志视而不见的。
【文章大意】作者根据自己的经历对北京与伦敦的交通状况进行了比较。
6. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。作者由伦敦昂贵的交通费用, 谈到了自己在北京骑自行车的经历, 比较了在北京与伦敦骑自行车的不同, 所以答案为B。
7. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。第一段里提到了在伦敦乘坐公共交通工具出行费用比较高, 作者为了省钱, 选择骑自行车出行, 所以可以推知C正确。
8. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第四、五段提到的在北京自行车道上的潜在危险可以推知B正确。
9. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第四段作者描述的北京马路上的交通状况“The rules of the road are flexible. Bikes, cars and pedestrians all float up and down lanes in both directions. ”可知, 在北京人们在马路上行走过于随意, 所以可推知C正确。
【语篇随练】
1. Believe it or not
2. Despite applying for hundreds of jobs
3. every time they cross this road
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