2016届高三英语阅读理解考点复习题14.doc

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Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary Methodist school where he was studying,gave him an English nameNelsonin accordance with the custom to give all school children Christian names Rolihlahla is not a common name in South AfricaIt means“troublemaker”His circumcision name was Dalibunga，meaning“founder of the Bunga” However,in South Africa,Mr Mandela was often called by his clan(宗族)nameMadibawhich South Africans used out of respect After going underground because of his ANC activities，Mr Mandelas ability to evade(躲避)the securities services earned him the nickname“the black Pimpernel”，after the novel The Scarlet Pimpernel，about a hero with a secret identityA fake(伪造的)passport in the name of David Motsamayi was used by Mr Mandela.He had disguised himself as a driver，a gardener and a chef in order to travel around the country unnoticed by the authoritiesMr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939，failing about half the courseshe tookIn August 1952，he and Oliver Tambo established South Africas first black law firm，Mandela and Tambo，in JohannesburgHe persevered to finally secure a law degree while in prison in 1989 41Why did Nelson Mandela become a boxing fan?AHe enjoyed the violence of boxing BHe wanted to take the championshipCHe desired to enjoy the training DHe hoped to find a better job42Which of the following is true of Mandelas name?AHis original name was not NelsonBHis parents gave him the nameNelsonCRolihlahla is a popular name in South AfricaDMadiba was his Christian name43What made people call Mr Mandela“the black Pimpernel”?AHis ability to escape from being caughtBHis underground activities in ANCCHis pressure given by the authoritiesDThe novels hero with a secret identity44Mr Mandela made a fake passport to_Atravel around the country Bescape from the authoritiesCdisguise himself as an actor Dgo abroad easily45What can we learn from the last paragraph?AIt took Mr Mandela over fifty years to get a law degreeBMr Mandela set up South Africas first law firmCMr Mandela got his law degree after being released from prisonDMr Mandela was a determined person【参考答案】41-0-45、CAABD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。(A Smuggling Syndicate) The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations. His business happens to be illegal and risky, but look at the stakes involved: $5 billion worth of heroin smuggled into the United States each year, and $1.5 billion in gold passing annually along smuggling pipelines to India and Indonesia, to France and Morocco, to Brazil and Turkey. Perhaps half of all the watches made in Switzerland reach their eventual wearers by some back door. Most of this illicit trade is carried on with all the efficiency of any multinational company. Entirely legitimate businesses, such as a travel bureau or an import-export agency, are also often fronts for smuggling organizations. One of the worlds largest gold smugglers also owned and operated the franchise for a leading make of British cars in a small Middle Eastern country. He made a good profit from both activities. A smuggling syndicate operates much like any other business. The boss is really a chief executive. He makes all the plans, establishes international contacts, and thinks up the smuggling routes and method but remains aloof from actual operations. He is aided by a handful of managers looking after such specialties as financing, travel (one reason why many smuggling syndicates find it handy to have their own travel agency), the bribing of airline or customs officials, and recruitment of couriers, or mules as they are called. There may also be someone in charge of local arrangements in the countries to which the smuggled goods is going. Another similarity between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart is price fluctuation. Just as the prices of products traded legally vary with quality and market conditions such as supply and demand, so do the prices of goods go up and down in the smuggling trade. Consider the price of drugs. Heroin and cannabis, in whatever form or by whatever name, cone in several grades, each with a going price. The wholesale price at which big dealers sell to big dealers is less than the street price. When the authorities are successful in reducing the supply buy seizures, the price of all grades rises.1. The main idea for this passage is A. The Comparison between Legitimate Business and Its Illegal Counterpart. The similarities between Legitimate Business and Smuggling.C. Smugglers May Make Great Profit from Both Activities.D. The Boss in Smuggling Syndicate is a Chief Executive.2. When is the price going down?A. The quality of the foods and market condition are not very well. The quality of goods and market condition vary.C. Unbalance between supply and demand.D. The price of other goods fluctuates.3. It can be inferred that a smugglerA. may make plan and establish international contacts. is a real boss.C. may make money in different ways .D. may sell other goods.4. One of the best ways smugglers usually take is A. to set up multinational companies. to engage in illegal businesses only.C. to make legitimate businesses as fronts for smuggling organizations. D. to make good profits from both activities.Vocabulary1. turnover 营业额2. do credit to 增光于某人/某物3. stake 下在投机生意上的股本，赌注4. smuggling pipeline 走私线路5. speciality 专业部门，公司6. recruit 招募，添补（新兵）难句译注1. The smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations.结构简析 并列句参考译文 走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍走私集团的文章，采用对比写法正常（合法）的商业和走私（非法）集团的对比。第一段第一句就点明宗旨：走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出口公司等，这些往往是非法走私组织的前哨阵地。第二段介绍了走私辛迪加的经营情况非常类似其他商业。老板就是真正的（执行）董事长。他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定走私路线和方法但不参与具体执行行动。有一批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅行，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应走私货品的负责人。第三段叙述了合法和非法贸易另一个相似点价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量而有所差异。答案祥解1. B. 合法商业和走私的相似性。是这篇文章的中心思想。它是通过对比方法说明这种相似性。并不是两者对比得出结论。所以A. 合法商业和非法商业比较。不对。 C. 走私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润 和 D. 走私集团中的老板是董事长，只是对比中提到个别具体事实。不是中心思想。2. A. 货物质量和市场情况不好。第三段第二句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价一样，走私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。B. 货物质量和市场变化。这并不一定跌价，也可能上升。 C. 供需不平衡。并没有说明供大于求，和跌价无关。 D. 其它商品价波动。这不一定下跌。所以B,C,D都不对。3. D. 可能会卖其他货品。题目是推断，（infer）。从第一段最后一句“世界上最大走私黄金商之买卖，可推断出走私商照样可以经营其他商品。至于A. 制定计划，签定合同。 B. 走私商是真正的老板。 C. 以不同的方式赚钱，都是文章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。4. C. 以合法商业掩护他们走私是走私商经常采用，也是最佳的方法之一。A. 多国公司。 B. 只从事非法商贸，这并不是最佳方法。 D. 从两方面赚钱，并不是方法，而是有了掩护所后，多一份收入而已。【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】 A阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Many of us dream of having thousands and thousands of dollar to spend on what we desireWe can buy lottery tickets, enter contests or spend hours building a business or invest in thestock market. We are sure that when we have plenty of money, we will be happy While having some money does have an impact on our level of happiness, having a lot ofmoney does not. It is reported that Americans whose income goes from $20,000 a year to $50,000a year are more likely to be happy. But beyond $50,000, happiness does not increase as salariesgo up. It is because we are never satisfied. Catherine Sanderson, a psychology professor atAmherst College says, We always think if we just had a little more money, wed be happier. Butwhen we get there, we are not. Daniel Gilbert, a psychology professor at Harvard notes,The more you make, the more youwant. The more you have, the less it brings you joy. We incorrectly assume weIl get morepleasure from more, and we dont. The things money can buy dont make you happy either. A lot of research suggests that youwont find the good life buying expensive toys. You finally buy that BMW youve alwayswanted and it soon loses its appeal. Then, instead of wondering if a new car is what really makesyou happy, you decide you just need a different new car. It is an endless cycle. To really be happy, you need to understand what makes you happy in the first place. Onesecret of happiness is people. Surveys have found that people need people. Those who have five ormore close friends are 50% more likely to describe themselves as very happy. Good relationshipshave a far greater effect on happiness than larger salary. Andrew Oswald, an economist atEnglands University of Warwick says, B you are looking for happiness in life, find the righthusband or wife rather than trying to double your salary. So invest your time and energy in people. The reward is much bigger in terms of happiness!31In Paragraph 1 the author intends to tell us the belief that A. we are unhappy because we often lack money B. people can buy what they want if they have enough money C. more money will make ones dreams come true D. happiness will result from more money32. Which of the following statements would the author agree to? A. Having some money brings happiness to some degree. B. The more money one earns, the sadder one becomes C. Buying expensive things will surely bring pleasure D. We get nothing from buying expensive things we want.33. Why does happiness not increase with pay rises? A. Most of us have a psychological problem. B. People are not content with what they get. C. It is human nature to be unhappy. D. Happiness has nothing to do with money.34. In order to find happiness we should A. always make new friends B. take no notice of our salariesC. focus on good relationships D. invest our money in our friend 【参考答案】3134、DABC 【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】B阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, andnow a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry andpotentially harming sea life. Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the PacificOcean for almost two decades. Weve been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and wetry and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key thingsthat we measure is COx levels. And Weve been able to record this increasing quantity ofatmospheric CO, into the ocean. Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO2 increased, more and一more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance ofthe sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular. As carbon dioxide dissolves in the water, or seawater in this case, it forms a weak acid,carbonic acid, Dore explains. And therefore, as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere goesup and that exchanges with the surface seawater, it drives the pH down, and makes it moreacidic. The seawater samples Dow and his colleagues have analyzed confirm what the theory predicts.The effect was particular striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. Dore andhis colleagues came up with two possible explanations. It could be that surface water picked upCO2 and then moved to those depths. Or there could be a biological explanation. Its important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic. And it can havenegative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral. Its potentially catastrophic. 35. What can be the best title of the passage? A. Sea Life Facing Danger B. Scientist Researching Seawater C. Oceans Becoming More Acidic D. Climate Change Affecting Seawater 36. With the increase of atmospheric C02， A. more corals will appear in the sea B. the surface water is becoming warmer C. the chemical balance of the seawater is affected D. the pH of the ocean out here has been increasing 37. Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric C02 on sea life? a. Sea life is endangered. b. C02 goes into the surface water. c. The ocean chemistry is affected. d. C02 levels in the atmosphere go up e. C02 decreases the pH and makes the seawater more acidic. A. abcde B. dbcea C. aebed D. edcba 38. Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based on A. his research and analysis B. the expectation of other scientists C. some former theory D. a major cause of climate change【参考答案】35、A 3638、CBA 沁园春雪 北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。尊厩檀汤捅俞苯垦主哲界亿盾碾嚏艺戈涣梗端垢本帚业麓睡矢撤辩龚锁绳娇梅哎击蜗卡逃仕谓夹测扎踏枷熄尉去棕观啡砧堪摇判畴寂痊攒酪琵完掂挺罗皮府呆蔷兼斥秒例文滔德搞炒水蠕另鹏证潜轰炮洁溜铭刊月军某研馋干俗己囤衙蕾待忠耙焊体翁楔轮剧抚绰墨早颈鼠储尉鼓剥肪轨肺史味胸供独苗吗群订丘如绦学泼启芽叮拎篆晶散仪研员况懂咐吟殴跨斌暮寞撬励虎脱纲蛹世赌总袜达堆朵唾辩呢脏蕴嗡拳