2017届高考英语第一轮总复习习题21.doc

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第一部分　选修七　Module 3-4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2015·湖北高三八校二模)
Dyslexia is a learning disorder. It interferes with the ability to recognize words, and for some readers to understand what they have read. Experts say dyslexia affects about five to ten percent of the population of the United States. Researchers have long known that people with dyslexia write or read words and letters backwards in the wrong order.
But a new study shows that people with dyslexia may have trouble redirecting their attention between senses, from seeing something to hearing something. The study suggests something that might help dyslexic people learn more quickly—play video games.
Vanessa Harrar of Britain's University of Oxford led the study. She reported the findings in the journal Current Biology. The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear.
In the study, Doctor Harrar tested 17 people with dyslexia, and 19 others without reading problems. The volunteers were asked to push a button as quickly as possible when they heard a sound, saw a light or experienced both together. Doctor Harrar compared the speed of their reactions. She found that people with dyslexia were just as fast as the others when they saw only a picture or heard only a sound. But the Dyslexics had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw a picture at the same time, this may have an effect on how dyslexic children are taught how to read.
Doctor Harrar feels like playing video games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly. She adds that images in video games force the eyes to move and focus quickly. “Video game types of things pop out of here and there, they move your eyes around the screen quite quickly in response to things quite quickly, and the more you play a video game the faster you get that kind of thing. So, the video game is really training the attention system to move quickly，” said Harrar. When children learn the alphabet, they usually see the letter first and then hear the sound, or they see and hear the letter at the same time. The study shows that Dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first before seeing it.
语篇解读：文章介绍了一个新的研究结果，玩视频游戏可能帮助失读症的人，文章具体介绍失读症的人的症状和通过玩视频游戏有什么改善。
1．According to Doctor Harrar's study, the dyslexic people have difficulty in ________.
A．recognizing words
B.reading words backwards
C．writing letters in order
D．shifting from seeing to hearing
答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study suggests that dyslexic people may have trouble moving quickly from what they read to what they hear.”和第四段第三句中的“Doctor Harrar feels like playing action video games could help dyslexic people shift from seeing to hearing more quickly.”可知有阅读障碍的人在所看到的和所听到的东西之间进行转换时有困难。
2．Which factor affects the way dyslexic children are taught to read?
A．They react more slowly to a single picture or sound
B.They react as fast as others to a single picture or sound
C．It takes them longer to react to sounds and pictures together
D．It is difficult for them to understand before seeing the word
答案：C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“But the Dyslexics had a slower reaction time when they heard a sound and saw a picture at the same time, this may have an effect on how dyslexic children are taught how to read.”可知应选C。
3．How does the author suggest Dyslexics are taught based on the research finding?
A．by putting hearing previous to seeing
B.by training the attention on games
C．by seeing first and then hearing later
D．by moving the eyes around the screen
答案：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The study shows that Dyslexics might learn more quickly if they hear the sound of a letter or word first before seeing it.”可知有阅读障碍的人在看到一个单词之前先听到它，他们反应会快一些，故选A项。
4．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．Video Games Might Help Dyslexics
B.Dyslexia Affects Attention between Senses
C．Video Games Can Train the Attention System
D．Dyslexics Might Learn Better through Sound
答案：A　标题确定题 文章主要讲述了研究表明视频游戏能帮助有阅读障碍者学习，故用A作为文章的标题最好。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·菏泽市高三二模)
Relax during a job interview
Few people actually like job interviewing. It's nerve－wracking(摧残神经的) trying to show your “best” self to a perfect stranger. __1__ That's not easy. But there are some ways to pull yourself together and feel more confident.Prepare solid talking points. It's always best to over－prepare for possible questions by not only researching the company and the person interviewing you, but also by preparing answers and practicing those responses. Review the skills and experiences requested in the job announcement and have two to three examples how you have demonstrated each one. __2__Remember: It's a two－way street. This is conversation, not an interrogation(审问). __3__ Remembering that this is a back and forth discussion, where you can and should ask questions as well as answer them, can help you feel more comfortable.
Just breathe. __4__ Your body will relax lot. You want to avoid upper chest breathing, as it tends to just move you, stress upward to your face.
__5__ if you go into an interview picking apart your outfit or imperfect responses, you're only hurting your chances of coming off as calm and collected. Turn off your negative self－talk and then create a different self－talk message, like, “I am here to share the best of my ability and that is all I can really do.”
Work it out. Putting in some gym time the morning of your interview can help you get rid of any nervous tension. Exercise helps calm your nervous system and tends to reduce the intensity of physical manifestations(表现形式)of stress such as restlessness.
A．Stop the negative thoughts.
B.Put your idea into practice.
C．When faced with an interviewer, you may be nervous.
D．Before you walk into your interview, take a few deep breaths.
E．You're trying to prove you're the one for the job and that you can handle stressful situations.
F．Don't forget that you're not the only one being interviewed—you're also interviewing the organization.
G．This will strengthen your answers and allow you to show how your experience is relevant to the job or organization for which you're interviewing.
语篇解读：本文是励志类短文。主要告诉我们如何在紧张的面试中放松自己，取得理想的面试效果。
1．E　根据题干和E中的关键词：job interviewing，the one for the job，nerve－wracking(摧残神经的)和handle stressful situations等判断答案。故选E。
2．G　根据题干和G中的关键词：experience，answer，responds等判断答案。故选G。
3．F　根据题干和F中的关键词：interviewing the organization，a back and forth discussion等判断答案。故选F。
4．D　根据题干和D中的关键词：breathe，take a few deep breaths等判断答案。故选D。
5．A　根据题干和A中的关键词：picking apart your outfit or imperfect responses，negative等判断答案。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2015·辽宁沈阳质检)
A learned man has always a lot of riches in himself.
Simonides, a famous Greek poet, once made a tour around the well－known cities of Asia. Years later, he decided to __1__ to his native land by sea.
However, he hoarded on a ship, which got __2__in a terrible storm. Together with its own poor condition, the ship began to __3__ into the sea. Some passengers was busy __4__ together their bags, and others their __5__belongings. To everyone's surprise, Simonides was a(n) __6__. One who was __7__ curious, asked, “Are you going to save __8__ of your property, Simonides？” He made a reply, “All my possessions are __9__ me.”
While a few made their __10__ by swimming, the majority, being weighed down by their burdens, disappeared in the sea. __11__， some thieves made their appearance, and stole __12__ the few lucky people had saved, leaving them nothing.
Clazomenae, an ancient city, chanced to be near the beach. Here lived a wealthy man __13__ the pursuits (追求) of literature. He had often read the poems of Simonides, and was a very great __14__ of him though he had never seen Simonides. __15__， Simonides was saved by this man shortly after he got to the beach. Knowing who he was from their brief conversation, the man __16__ Simonides into his house with the greatest pleasure, and __17__ him with clothes, money, and attendants. The other __18__ meanwhile were carrying about their bowls, begging for food in the same city. One day, Simonides __19__ to meet them. With much sympathy, Simonides remarked, “I told you that all my property was about me; what you have __20__ to save is lost now.”
语篇解读：作者用一名古希腊诗人遭遇沉船事故之后的经历告诉我们：钱乃身外之物，智慧才是永恒的财富。
1．A.return B.get
C．visit D．come
答案：A　return意为“返回，回去”；get意为“得到”；visit意为“参观，拜访”；come意为“到来”。前文说Simonides在亚洲各大名城旅游，根据此空后的to his native land by sea可知他要返回家乡，故A项正确。
2．A.hit B.caught
C．struck D．seized
答案：B　根据此空后的in a terrible storm可知，此处表示他坐的船遇到了风暴，get/be caught in意为“被困于，遭到”，为固定结构，符合语境。
3．A.break B.drown
C．fall D．sink
答案：D　break意为“打破”；drown意为“淹没”；fall意为“下降”；sink意为“下沉”。根据空前的描述together with its own poor condition可知，船很破旧，遇到暴风雨之后就开始下沉，故D项正确。
4．A.gathering B.keeping
C．joining D．carrying
答案：A　gather意为“收集”；keep意为“保存”；join意为“参加，加入”；carry意为“拿，携带”。根据此空后的together their bags可知此处表示一些乘客忙着收拾自己的行李，gather together意为“收拢，归拢(分散的东西)”，为固定结构，符合语境。
5.A.common B.formal
C．precious D．previous
答案：C　common意为“共同的，普通的”；formal意为“正式的”；precious意为“珍贵的”；previous意为“以前的，先前的”。根据语境可知船要沉了，乘客收拾行李时会拿珍贵的东西，故C项正确。
6.A.millionaire B.example
C．fool D．exception
答案：D　millionaire意为“百万富翁”；example意为“例子”；fool意为“傻瓜”；exception意为“例外”。根据此空前的To everyone's surprise可知，此处表示人人都在收拾行李，只有Simonides是个例外，故D项正确。
7.A.slightly B.extremely
C．gradually D．generally
答案：B　slightly意为“轻微地，稍微地”；extremely意为“非常，极其”；gradually意为“逐渐地”；generally意为“通常，普通地”。根据语境可知此处表示有一个人对Simonides的反应感到非常好奇，故B项正确。
8.A.nothing B.few
C．none D．no one
答案：C　根据下文“All my possessions are __9__ me”可知此处用none表示“全无，没有一点儿”。
9.A.about B.around
C．of D．for
答案：A　根据文章最后一句中的“I told you that all my property was about me...”可知此处填about，Simonides认为他自己就是所有的财产，故A项正确。
10．A.effort B.effect
C．escape D．attempt
答案：C　effort意为“努力”；effect意为“效果”；escape意为“逃脱，逃离”；attempt意为“试图”。根据后文“the majority，being weighed down by their burdens，disappeared in the sea”“大多数人被背上的东西所累，消失在了海中”可知，此处与后文对比，讲一小部分人活了下来。make one's escape意为“逃脱”，为固定短语，故C项正确。
11．A.In fact B.In brief
C．After all D．Worse still
答案：D　in fact意为“事实上”；in brief意为“简言之”；after all意为“毕竟，终究”；worse still意为“更糟糕的是”。根据此空后的some thieves made their appearance可知，此处表示意义上的递进，故D项正确。
12．A.that B.what
C．which D．when
答案：B　分析句子成分后可知，所填词引导宾语从句，且从句中the few lucky people had saved中的save后缺少宾语，故用what引导，故B项正确。
13．A.related to B.adapted to
C．determined to D．devoted to
答案：D　related to意为“与……有关”；adapted to意为“适合，适应于”；determined to意为“有做……的决心”；devoted to意为“致力于”。此处表示一名富人致力于追求文学，A、B两项不符合语境。determined to后接动词不定式，devoted to后接名词或动名词，故D项正确。
14．A.adviser B.listener
C．admirer D．buyer
答案：C　adviser意为“顾问；劝告者”；listener意为“听众”；admirer意为“崇拜者”；buyer意为“买主”。根据此空前的“He had often read the poems of Simonides”可知这个富人喜欢读Simonides的诗歌，因此可见他是Simonides的崇拜者，故C项正确。
15．A.Unluckily B.Fortunately
C．Naturally D．Frequently
答案：B　unluckily意为“不幸地”；fortunately意为“幸运地”；naturally意为“自然地”；frequently意为“频繁地”。根据此空后的“Simonides was saved by this man shortly after he go to the beach”可知，这对Simonides来说是一件很幸运的事，故选B项。
16．A.ordered B.forced
C．received D．begged
答案：C　order意为“命令”；force意为“强迫”；receive意为“接受，收到”；beg意为“乞求”。根据此空后的“...with the greatest pleasure”可知此处表示这个富人高兴地接Simonides到他家里，故C项正确。
17．A.provided B.offered
C．showed D．afforded
答案：A　provide意为“提供”；offer意为“提供”；show意为“显示，说明”；afford意为“支付得起”。根据语境可知此处表示这个富人还为Simonides提供了衣服、钱及侍从，provide sb. with sth.意为“给某人提供某物”，符合语境。
18．A.villagers B.writers
C．stealers D．survivors
答案：D　villagers意为“村民”；writers意为“作者”；stealers意为“偷窃者”；survivors意为“幸存者”。根据语境可知，此处表示同一条船上的其他幸存者的境遇，故D项正确。
19．A.hopedB.happened
C．managed D．demanded
答案：B　hope意为“希望”；happen意为“发生”；manage意为“管理，经营”；demand意为“要求，需要”。Simonides碰巧遇到他们，此处用happen to do sth.意为“碰巧做某事”。
20．A.struggled B.failed
C．encouraged D．succeeded
答案：A　struggle意为“努力，奋斗”；fail意为“失败”；encourage意为“鼓励”；succeed意为“成功”。根据语境可知此处表示“当初你们努力要拯救的东西现在都丢了”，故A项正确。
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
John：I've been noticing recently quite a lot of black smoke coming out of the chimneys of that factory near our school，which really pollutes the air here.
Mary：Yes, __1__ does. But I heard recently that the __2__(own)of the factory have promised to take measures to reduce their factory's pollution.
John：I hope they will keep their promise.
Mary：I think they will. I've been told that __3__ special machine is supposed to be fixed by the end of this year. It's said that the machine __4__ clean the dust out of the smoke before it goes into the air.
John：That's good. Dust is really __5__(harm) to our lungs. I know that because my family lives near a steel factory with a chimney constantly __6__(pour)out black smoke.
Mary：Oh, you live near the steel factory? Is it true that we shouldn't eat the fish from the lake near the steel factory?
John：Yes，that's true—the lake has been __7__(pollute)by waste from the steel factory.
Mary：Why don't they do anything to clean up the pollution?
John：They always promise, __8__ never act. A bit of action is __9__ we need.
Mary: You're __10__.
语篇解读：约翰和玛丽在谈论空气污染问题。
1．it　此处用it指代上文中的quite a lot of black smoke。设空处后的does 与上文的pollutes对应。
2．owners　“the”和“of”之间应为名词，此处用own的名词形式owner表示“(那家工厂的)所有人”，又由空后的助动词have和their可知此处应用复数形式。
3．a　machine为可数名词，在本句中表泛指，故用不定冠词a。
4．can/will　据说那种机器能够/将会净化烟中的尘埃。can表示能力；will表示对将来事情的预料。
5．harmful　be harmful to“对……有害”。
6．pouring　考查非谓语动词作宾补。with后的宾语a chimney与pour之间为逻辑上的主动关系且表示正在进行的动作，故用现在分词作宾补。
7．polluted　现在完成时的被动语态结构为“have/has been＋过去分词”。
8．but　前后两部分为转折关系，故用but连接。
9．what　句意：我们需要的是一点点的行动。“__9__ we need”为表语从句。表语从句中缺少宾语且表示“事物”，故用what引导。
10．right/correct　“You're right/correct”表示同意对方的说法。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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