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4、e your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to Australian psychologists. But turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident. The performance of difficult tasks can be affected if people are subjected to loud noise. The experience of pulling
5、up at traffic lights alongside cars with loud music made some psychologists in the University of Sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving.The psychologists invited 60 men and women aged between 20 and 28 as subjects and tested them on almost the same driving tasks under t
6、hree noise conditions: silence, rock music played at a gentle 55 decibels(分贝), and the same music at 85 decibels.For 10 minutes the subjects sat in front of a screen operating a simple machine like a car. They had to track a moving disk on screen, respond to traffic signals changing color, and brake
7、 in response to arrows that appeared without warning.On the tracking task, there was no difference in performance under the three noise conditions. But under both the loud and quiet music conditions, the performers “braked” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no
8、rock music at all. That could mean a reduction in braking distance of a couple of meters actually, the difference between life and death for a pedestrian.When it came to the arrows that appeared across the visual field, the psychologists found that when the music was quiet,people responded faster to
9、 objects in their central field of sight by about 50 milliseconds. For the people listening at 85 decibels, response time dropped by a further 50 millisecondsa whole tenth of second faster than those “driving” with no music.“But theres a tradeoff,” the psychologists told the European Congress of Psy
10、chology. “They lose the ability to look around the whole situation effectively.” In responding to objects that suddenly appeared, people subjected to 85decibel rock music were around 100 milliseconds slower than both the other groups. Since some accidentssuch as children running into the roadtake pl
11、ace without any notice, drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result.【语篇解读】文章讲述了澳大利亚心理学家通过对60个男女司机在不放音乐、放55分贝音乐和85分贝音乐的情况下,看看音乐分贝的大小对司机会产生怎样的影响。1Which of the following is the best way to make driving safer?ALoud music.BQuiet music.CSilence.DHeavy metal music.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段前两句Listen
12、ing to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to Australian psychologists. But turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident. 澳大利亚心理学家说你开车时听音乐可以提高你的速度和远离交通事故的能力。但是车里的收音机声音被调到最大时可能会使你发生交通事故。【答案】B2Where di
13、d the researchers do the experiment?AAt crossroads.BAt a police traffic station.CIn a crowded street.DUnder the same conditions as those of the streets.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions可知。【答案】D3Which of the following didnt help the performers
14、 to “brake” sooner at red lights?ASilence.BLoud music.CQuiet music.DRock music.【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句But under both the loud and quiet music conditions, the performers “braked” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all. 但在大声的和安静的音乐条件下,表演者看到红灯时刹车时间要比在没有
15、摇滚音乐的情况下约快50毫秒。由此可知the loud and quiet music,rock music这三种音乐可以帮助他们在红灯时早点踩刹车。【答案】A4Which of the following is NOT true of loud music?AIt helped the performers to brake sooner at red lights.BIt helped the performers to be more careful.CIt helped the performers to respond faster to objects suddenly stepp
16、ing in the way.DIt can do more good than harm to drivers.【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Since some accidentssuch as children running into the roadtake place without any notice, drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result.有一些交通事故,比如孩子突然跑到马路上没有注意到就发生了。关键词less safe,说明这种情况下司机的反应慢。【答案】CBRiding a Lon
17、don subway, a person from China will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other. In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times. Thats not rudenesspeople are just too busy to bother looking.Busy doing what, you ask? Well, theyre certainly not using the time for a moment o
18、f quiet reflection, nor are they reading a book. New technology has replaced quiet habits. Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an ebook.Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters(乘车上下班的人). Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000yes, thats 40,000“apps”
19、 (programs downloaded for the iPhone) have been designed.Commuters love them because they are the perfect timekillers. One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks. Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination. ISteam c
20、louds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen.For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be another choice. Its not just teenagers who “plug in” to their musiciPods are a popular way to pass the time for al
21、l ages.And if games, ebooks and music arent enough to keep you engaged, then perhaps you would prefer a film. The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV show or film on the way to work. With all these entertainments, its amazing that people still remember to
22、get off the train.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是在伦敦坐地铁的人总是忙于使用自己的手机、iPad等来看书、听音乐、玩游戏等。以此来告诉我们新的技术正在改变人们在车上度过时间的方法。 5People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because they are busy .Aplaying games, reading ebooks, listening to music or watching filmsBgoing to workCreading booksDthinking about private th
23、ings【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an ebook.和第五段的For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be another choice. Its not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music和最后一段的The development of palm DVD technology means many commut
24、ers watch their favorite TV show or film及第四段内容可知A项中的四件事是伦敦地铁上的人经常做的事情。故A正确。【答案】A6Those who like war games can download to their iPhones.ATube ExitsBiShootCISteamDiPod【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks.可知iShoot是一款战斗游戏。故喜欢游戏战斗的人应该喜欢这个app。故B正确。【答案】B7The underlined w
25、ord “engaged” in the last paragraph probably means “ .”AdelightedBbusyCcontrolledDamused【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的And if games, ebooks and music arent enough to keep you engaged,then.a film.可知如果游戏、音乐以及电子书都不能让你忙碌,那么看电影也许会适合你。因为这些娱乐的方式能够让我们忙碌得很充实。故B正确。【答案】B8The article tells us that .ALondon commuters are unfr
26、iendly to strangersBApple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 iPhonesCwith all the new timekillers, London commuters often forget to get off the train Dtechnology is changing the way London commuters spend their traveling time.【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是在伦敦坐地铁的人总是忙于使用自己的手机、iPad等。以此来告诉我们新的技术正在改变人们在车
27、上度过时间的方法。故D正确。【答案】DC【导学号:29560049】Theyre WILD animalsBy ErnstUlrich FranzenMarch 11, 2010 (3) COMMENTSThe story about the woman who lost some fingers while feeding a bear at a zoo in Manitowoc, after she ignored warnings and barriers(栅栏), reminded me of the story I heard about a couple who put their
28、 baby on the back of a wild horse in South Dakota to get a really cute picture. We all do silly things at times no one is immune but treating wild animals as lovely pets has to fall into a special category. Teddy bears and Disney movies arent actually representative of real bears.Comments (3) View C
29、omments 3 CommentsPost a Comment1TosaLeft Mar 11, 2010 10:46AMDont you think that maybe, just maybe some alcohol was involved? 2tk421 Mar 11, 2010 11:09 AMIt was already approved that alcohol was involved. Stories that begin with a drunk person saying “Hey, I got an idea, watch this!” rarely end wel
30、l. 3Tristan Kloss Mar 11, 2010 11:41 AMAlcohol certainly isnt involved when people decide to keep “pets” like chimpanzees, baby tigers, etc. Stupidity, definitely. Dogs are pets because of thousands of years of domestication. Even farm animals, which have been kept by humans for thousands of years a
31、s well, arent let in the house. So why keep animals that treat human contact with, at best, indifference(冷淡、不在乎) and, at worst, violence? 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是一些人因为看了动画片,而和真实的动物接触,因此受到了伤害甚至丢失了自己的生命,据此展开了讨论9In ErnstUlrich Franzens opinion, the woman lost her fingers because .Athe zoo keepers didnt warn her
32、of the dangerBshe didnt know the bear was a wild animalCshe was somehow influenced by cartoon charactersDshe climbed over the barriers and angered the bear【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话Teddy bears and Disney movies arent actually representative of real bears.可知这位女士受了动画片的影响,把现实中的动物当作动画片中的角色,才导致了悲剧的发生。【答案】C10To
33、saLeft thinks the wounded woman .Amay have been drunkBmay be a little stupidCwas addicted to wineDfed wine to the bear【解析】细节理解题。根据他说的话Dont you think that maybe, just maybe some alcohol was involved?可知关键词是alcohol。【答案】A11tk421 means a drunk person .Ashould be forbidden to enter the zooBusually gets hi
34、mself into troubleCis often fond of making up storiesDusually likes to show himself off【解析】推理判断题。根据这一段的Stories that begin with a drunk person saying “Hey, I got an idea, watch this!” rarely end well. 可知喝酒的人很少有好结局(rarely end well)。【答案】B12What does Tristan Kloss think of people treating wild animals a
35、s pets?AKind.BIllegal.CLoving.DStupid.【解析】细节理解题。根据这一段第一句话Alcohol certainly isnt involved when people decide to keep “pets” like chimpanzees, baby tigers, etc. Stupidity, definitely可知。【答案】DDComputer games have been criticised for quite some time over a whole range of issues. Some people say they are
36、overly violent and encourage violent behaviour particularly in children. Others say that they make children unsociable and are bad for their eyes. Some have even attributed falling standards of literacy and a lack of interest in reading on them. Now, however, it seems that computer games have also b
37、ecome a feminist issue.Game manufacturers have, for some time, been looking to increase the number of female game players.The vast majority of computer games still sell to a mainly male market. Perhaps this is because the violent nature of many of the games appeals more to males or perhaps because m
38、any of the main characters in the games are male. Manufacturers attempts to produce more female characters increase their share of the female gaming market which has met with serious criticism from many womens groups. While heroines such as Lara Croft of the Tomb Raider game are seen as providing po
39、sitive role models of strong women, many believe that the characters unrealistic Barbies are subconsciously setting unattainable standards in the minds of young women. Perhaps a stronger criticism is that although many games now include female characters, their role is often secondary and they suppo
40、rt the main, male, action characters within the games. Of course the nature of many of the games remains violent and destructive and this in itself could well continue to put off female gamers.There are now, however, a number of websites springing up on the World Wide Web to help women deal with thi
41、s issue. Sites such as Game Girlz, Women Gamers and Game Gal offer game reviews, articles, discussion forums and even employment opportunities for women interested in becoming part of the rapidly expanding games industry. The games are reviewed by women from a very female perspective. Some rate the
42、games from one to ten across a range of criteria which include the appearance of the female characters, the degree of intelligence attributed to them in the game and even the marketing attitude adopted by the company. The sites are obviously looking for games that move away from the very male domina
43、ted and violent nature of the majority of computer games. Many of them review games that are more constructive and developmental. Although the common fantasy themes of knights, witches and goblins(妖精) still exist within these games, the aims are often very different. Instead of destroying opposing a
44、rmies,the aim of the game can be to make peace with them. With this increased degree of awareness and involvement from women in the games industry many positive changes could be made that could encourage more women and young girls to become enthusiastic about technology. Perhaps we may even find mor
45、e male gamers moving away from the traditional violent and destructive games towards the more positive values promoted by these more feminine role models, after all Tomb Raider is still one of the most popular computer games on the market, but perhaps thats too much to ask.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了当今电脑游戏行业已经悄然发
46、生一些变化。目前女性在游戏行业的许多积极的变化可能鼓励更多的妇女和年轻女孩热衷于电脑游戏方面的技术。13What is Paragraph 1 mainly about ?AThe violence in computer games.BCommon criticisms of computer games.CChildrens feeling in computer games.DThe computer issues.【解析】段意概括题。第一段作者主要讲述了对电脑游戏的总的批评。故选B项。【答案】B14Manufacturers want to produce more female ch
47、aracters in order to .Aincrease sales in the male marketBhelp women learn how to play computer gamesCencourage more women to buy computer gamesDincrease the number of male game players【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ increase their share of the female gaming market”可知答案为C。【答案】C15From the passage we know that Tomb
48、Raider is .Aa film which provides positive role models of strong womenBa site which helps women to deal with many issues Ca female role which is secondary in many gamesDa computer game which is very popular on the market【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知正确答案为D。【答案】D.阅读填句(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)This is the season for giving. Looking to get in touch with your generous side? Learn these four h