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4、d a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.They will in a lifetime,push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles.But few will knowor even think to askwho it was that invented them.Sylvan N.Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937.At that time he was in the supermarket business.Every day h
5、e would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels.The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers,and would help to attract more business.On June 4,1937,Goldmans first carts were ready f
6、or use in his market.He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving.He couldnt wait to see them using his invention.But Goldman was disappointed.Most shoppers gave the carts a long look,but hardly anybody would give them a try.After a while,Goldman decided to ask cust
7、omers why they werent using his carts.“Dont you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.But Goldman wasnt beaten yet.He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try.To this end,Goldman hired a group of people to
8、push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping!Seeing this,the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假的)customers.As Goldman had hoped,the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market.But not only did more people comethose who came bought mo
9、re.With larger,easier-to-handle baskets,customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.Todays shopping carts are five times larger than Goldmans original model.Perhaps thats one reason why Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did be
10、fore 1937the coming of the shopping cart.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了Goldman发明购物车的原因、经过和结果。1.What do the underlined words “chrome-plated contraptions” in the first paragraph refer to?A.Baskets.B.Private cars.C.Suitcases.D.Shopping carts.答案:D解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“.a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.”可以得出,画
11、线词的意思是购物手推车。2.What was the purpose of Goldmans invention?A.It was to prove him to be a good inventor.B.It was to reduce the burden of his employees work.C.It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.D.It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market.答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.m
12、ake shopping much easier for his customers,and would help to attract more business.”可知,C项正确。3.Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to .A.attract people to buy things in his marketB.encourage people to use his shopping cartsC.make his market different from the othe
13、rsD.keep the groceries from being stolen答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据第七段中的“persuade people to give them a try”可知,他雇一些人假装顾客在超市里面推购物车的目的是想鼓励人们使用他的购物车。4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Goldman will become very famous because of his invention.B.Goldmans invention will be regarded as the greatest one in th
14、e world.C.Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldmans invention.D.There will be nothing that can replace Goldmans invention.答案:C解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,现今购物车是Goldman发明的购物车的五倍大,这可能是美国人今天的购物花费是购物车发明之前的五倍的一个原因。由此可推断出,超市的生意从Goldman的发明中受益匪浅。BWhen a bee stings(蜇) you,it doesnt just ruin your fun.T
15、he insect puts venom(毒液) into your skin,causing pain and swelling.But a chemist in Denmark believes hes come up with a simple device that will draw the venom back out of the wound,bringing victims relief.Martin Wenckens got the inspiration for the Bee-Patch(蜜蜂膏药) from a home treatment he saw shown o
16、n a Danish television program.After getting stung,a person would put a slight wet sugar cube over the wound.The idea is that through osmosis(渗透)the movement of a fluid from an area with a lower concentration of molecules(分子) to an area with a higher concentrationfluid moves from the small hole up in
17、to the sugar cube,carrying the venom along with it.Because exposed sugar may attract more insects,Wenckens thought he could improve on the treatment.He put sugar inside a patch that can be worn like a bandage.The side touching the skin has a thin layer through which fluid can move.“After you get stu
18、ng,place the patch on the injured skin and leave it for one hour,”Wenckens says.“This will lower both pain and swelling.”He cautions that people with insect allergies should continue to use medications(药物治疗) recommended by their doctors.Wenckens designed the Bee-Patch especially for children,but he
19、reports that lifeguards and soccer players are also using it.“In many schools in Denmark,the Bee-Patch is already a part of first aid kits,”he says.“To have invented a small patch that can be used by so many people of course makes me very proud.”【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项治疗蜜蜂蜇伤的小发明。5.Wenckens was inspired
20、 by .A.his childhoodB.a TV programC.a sugar producerD.his private doctor答案:B解析:细节理解题。由第二段开头的“got the inspiration for the Bee-Patch(蜜蜂膏药) from a home treatment he saw shown on a Danish television program.”可知答案为B项。6.Whats the advantage of the Bee-Patch over the original home treatment?A.It is much saf
21、er.B.It is more natural.C.It is much cheaper.D.It is more effective.答案:A解析:推理判断题。由第三段开头的“Because exposed sugar may attract more insects,Wenckens thought he could improve.”可推断,改进后的发明将糖包起来,不易招惹昆虫,因而比原来的更安全。7.The Bee-Patch created by Wenckens .A.is not recommended to lifeguardsB.may not be helpful for
22、some victimsC.will protect victims from bees for an hourD.has an immediate effect on the injured skin答案:B解析:推理判断题。由第三段末的“He cautions that people with insect allergies should continue to use medications(药物治疗) recommended by their doctors.”可推断,对昆虫过敏的人被蜜蜂蜇伤后不应简单地使用这种方法治疗,而应采用医生推荐的方法。8.The Bee-Patch is
23、widely used .A.by adultsB.in hospitalsC.by students D.on football fields答案:C解析:细节理解题。由最后一段中的“In many schools in Denmark,the Bee-Patch is already a part of first aid kits.”可知,蜜蜂膏药被学生们广泛使用。.七选五Tips for writing the college essayWhile some high school seniors begin to enjoy writing their college essay,o
24、thers fail to see the importance of it.1. Creating the college essay is supposed to be a fun,and exciting task.It is a process of self-discovery.Some helpful tips:1.Have fun!2. Relax,breathe and realize that this is the time to expose a side of you that a transcript(学生成绩单) cannot.2.3. The worst thin
25、g you can do is pick and ordinary topic.Stay away from volunteer work,your dead dog and vacations.Admission counselors(入学辅导员) see thousands of essays a month;make sure your essay is distinct to your experience and personality.Do not focus on what you think they want you to write,but what is actually
26、 significant to you.3.Dont try to make yourself a victim.Although it is effective to appeal to the emotions of an admission counselor,I do not recommend writing an essay about sad stories.Self-pity can be annoying,and most admission counselors do not want that to be their first impression of you.The
27、 only exception to this is if you have an inspiring struggle that you overcame.4.4.Your essay is not a longer version of your resume(简历).If you sent in a resume,there is absolutely no need to restate what is on it.Many students like bragging(吹嘘) about how much they do.It is amazing that you are invo
28、lved,but admission counselors do not only want to hear about how much you do,especially if they already see this on your resume.5.Good luck on your college essay!A.It was received well by many.B.Dont settle for basicbe creative!C.When you get upset,it is reflected in your work.D.You can talk about h
29、ow a work changed your life.E.They want to see aspects of you that cannot be shown on a resume.F.In some cases,these 600 words determine an acceptance or a rejection.G.Make sure that the story is focused on your growth,not on the struggle.答案与解析:【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章是写大学申请论文的几点建议。1.F解析:F项与上文的see the import
30、ance of it相呼应。2.C解析:C项与本段小标题及下文的Relax,breathe相呼应,说明学生要让自己在心情好的情况下写大学申请论文,并从中找到乐趣。3.B解析:由下文的“The worst thing you can do is pick an ordinary topic.but what is actually significant to you.”可知,本段主要是说大学申请论文的内容要避免老套的话题,应该体现自己的独特性。故B项恰当。4.G解析:G项与上文的“have an inspiring struggle that you overcame”相呼应。5.E解析:E项
31、与上文的“admission counselors do not only want to hear about how much you do,especially if they already see this on your resume.”相呼应。.短文改错(2015山东青岛高三联考)My name is Li Hua.I was born in Qingdao,Shandong Province on February 1995.I started the school in 2001 when I was six.I studied happy in Guangming Prim
32、ary School from 2001 to 2007.After that I went to No.39 Middle School of Qingdao and graduate last summer.The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer.I like English and computer best but I am very good at it.Last year I winned first prize in th
33、e school computer competition.In my spare time I enjoy listening popular music and collecting stamp.My favorite sports is swimming in summer and skating in winter.答案:My name is Li Hua.I was born in Qingdao,Shandong Province February 1995.I started school in 2001 when I was six.I studied in Guangming
34、 Primary School from 2001 to 2007.After that I went to No.39 Middle School of Qingdao and last summer.The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer.I like English and computer best I am very good at .Last year I first prize in the school computer
35、 competition.In my spare time I enjoy listening popular music and collecting .My favorite sports swimming in summer and skating in winter.沁园春雪 北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。望长城内外,惟余莽莽;大河上下,顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象,欲与天公试比高。须晴日,看红装素裹,分外妖娆。江山如此多娇,引无数英雄竞折腰。惜秦皇汉武,略输文采;唐宗宋祖,稍逊风骚。一代天骄,成吉思汗,只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。薄雾浓云愁永昼,瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又
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