2018届高考英语知识点提能检测3.doc

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必修一 Unit 3 高考提能练
阅读理解·组块专练——练速度
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·东北三省三校联合模拟)Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. We go fishing, sit in the garden, have a picnic, live in the suburbs or go to the seaside. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. When joggers jog, they don’t run on the streets. Every one of them tends to go to the park or the river.
But despite this, our children are growing up nature­deprived. I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.
The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD — attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.
ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood. One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.
The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.
We need the wild world. It is essential to our well­being, our health and our happiness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了接触大自然对儿童和老人有很多益处，还可以改善人们的生活质量。
1．According to the author, people enjoy ________ to seek nature.
A．jogging on the street
B．sitting in the garden
C．shopping in the supermarket
D．running in the gym
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Most of us spend our lives ... or go to the seaside.”可知，坐在花园里是享受自然的一种方式，其他三项文中都没有提到。故B项正确。
2．From the second paragraph, we can see that ________.
A．adults deprive the children of their rights to approach nature
B．climbing trees will certainly do good to the children
C．children probably spend less time in nature nowadays
D．children tend to be happier as a result of their material satisfaction
解析：选C　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，第一句“But despite this, our children are growing up nature­deprived.”是本段的主题句。由此可推知，孩子们身处大自然的机会越来越少了，接触自然的时间也越来越短。故C项正确。
3．In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature?
A．Children with ADHD can be cured.
B．A garden nearby improves the quality of old people’s life.
C．Problems with crime and violent behavior will easily be solved.
D．Children’s performance at school is greatly improved.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第二句“And study after ... that quality.”可知，住处附近有花园可以提高老年人的生活质量。故B项正确。
4．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Access to nature improves our life.
B．Nature treats children with ADHD.
C．Getting close to nature reduces crime.
D．Man can’t live without natural areas.
解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了亲近自然对儿童和老人有很多益处，接触大自然可以提高人们的生活质量。故A项正确。
B
(2016·九江市高三二模)
Melbourne, Australia
Melbourne is a hotspot travel destination, and it’s easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life.
Why it’s a great choice: Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel, and because of that, many solo travelers go there. As an English­speaking country, you won’t be faced with any language barriers. Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!
Thailand
Thailand is great for solo travelers — perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets, which promote equality among the sexes.
Why it’s a great choice：Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere, and as a travel hotspot, there are plenty of chances to meet other like­minded travelers. Well known for being very cheap, especially in the north. A good choice if you want to get away on a budget. Thailand has a lot to offer, from the party­central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical (热带的) jungle.
Hong Kong, China
Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen Moments”， such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes.
Why it’s a great choice：Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world. If you’re not well­traveled, or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers, Hong Kong is a great place to start, as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time.
Bali, Indonesia
Bali is a spiritual place with yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches. The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction.
Why it’s so great: you won’t be the only solo traveler in Bali. Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you’re sure to meet some amazing characters along the way. As a Hindu island, Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat (静修). The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic — if you like monkeys, anyway.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个适合独自旅行的旅游胜地，以及它们值得一去的原因。
5．What do the four places have in common according to the text?
A．They’re cheap to travel around.
B．They’re great for solo travelers.
C．They offer good spas and yoga.
D．There’re no language barriers.
解析：选B　细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个景点的介绍中都提及了 solo traveler(s), 因此选B。
6．Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches?
A．Melbourne, Australia.
B．Thailand.
C．Hong Kong, China.
D．Bali, Indonesia.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据 Melbourne, Australia 部分第一段的“its beautiful beaches and busy city life”以及第二段中的“Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere！”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩。
7．What has made Bali No. 1 tourist attraction?
A．Yoga, spas, healthy food and beaches.
B．Friendly people and splendid visual culture.
C．Meeting some amazing characters along the way.
D．Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据 Bali, Indonesia 部分第一段的第二句可知，友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地。
8．What type of writing is this text?
A．A travel journal.
B．A business report.
C．A travel guide.
D．A press advertisement.
解析：选C　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势，因此应选C “旅游指南”。
C
(2016·山东省日照一中高三期中)Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers (低头族)．
Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfies in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying, “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long­term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.
But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.
语篇解读：本文为议论文。作者通过描述“低头族”过度使用手机所带来的危害，提醒我们要恰当使用手机。
9．For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Para. 2?
A．To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.
B．To advertise the cartoon made by students.
C．To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.
D．To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中作者所举动画片的例子涉及的内容，均为“低头族”沉溺于玩手机而导致的严重后果，其目的显然是告知人们低头玩手机产生的恶果。故选A。
10．Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?
A．His social skills could be affected.
B．His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.
C．He will cause the destruction of the world.
D．He might get separated from his friends and family.
解析：选C　细节理解题。作为“低头族”所面临的危险，A、B、D三项在第三、四段中皆有涉及，而C项对应的原句是第二段最后一句“A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.”，二者表述显然不同，故选C。
11．What may the passage talk about next?
A．Advice on how to use a cell phone.
B．People addicted to phubbing.
C．Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.
D．Consequences of phubbing.
解析：选C　推理判断题。借助排除法，因为A、B、D三项在文中都已谈论过，下面应该告诉我们减少危害的措施了。故选C。
D
(2016·四川攀枝花第三次统考)What if I took that big jump on my bike? What’s the worst thing that could happen if I go out at midnight? Should I try smoking? The teen years can play out like a choose­your­own­adventure novel.
Teenagers must act on endless choices. Some choices, including smoking, come with serious consequences. As a result, adolescents often find themselves trapped (陷入困境) between their impulsive tendencies (冲动的倾向) (— Just try it！) and their newfound ability to make well­informed and reasonable choices (— Wait, maybe that’s not such a good idea！)．
So what makes the teenager’s brain so complex? What drives adolescents — more than any other age group — to sometimes make foolish or questionable decisions?
If you have ever thought that the choices teenagers make are all about exploring and pushing limits, you get the point. Experts believe that this tendency marks a necessary period in teen development. The process helps prepare teenagers to face the world on their own. It is something all humans have evolved to experience — yes, teens everywhere go through this exploratory period. Nor is it unusually special to people: Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development.
For example, laboratory experiments show that young mice stay close by their mothers for safety. As mice grow, their behavior does too.“When they reach puberty, they’re like, ’I’m going to start checking out how this environment looks without my mom ...’” explains Beatriz Luna, of the University of Pittsburgh.
As a developmental cognitive neuroscientist (认知神经科学家), Luna studies those changes that occur in the brain as children develop into adults. She and other researchers are showing how the teen experience can lead to powerful advantages later in life. Take mice again: Young mice that explore most tend to live longest — that is, unless a cat eats them, Luna adds.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了在青少年成长的过程中，大脑的变化促使他们区别于其他年龄段的人。
12．What does the writer want to tell us by taking mice for example?
A．Young mice try to look for safety.
B．Mice experience different stages.
C．Young mice like to stay with their mothers.
D．Mice also experience a period to explore the world.
解析：选D　写作意图题。根据第四段中的“teens everywhere go through this exploratory period ... Even laboratory mice experience a similar stage during their development”可知，文中提到老鼠的例子是为了说明即使老鼠也会像人一样经历探索的时期。故答案选D。
13．According to the text, the teenager who explores most will ________.
A．make few mistakes in his life
B．have advantages over others
C．lose his confidence and even his life
D．experience no failure and live longest
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“She and other researchers are showing how the teen experience can lead to powerful advantages later in life.”可知，在青少年时期对世界探索最多的人会比别人有优势。故答案选B。
14．What may the text discuss in the next part?
A．How a teenager can make right choices.
B．What really goes on in the teenage brain.
C．What has been discovered in the lab experiment.
D．Why the parents shouldn’t allow teenagers to smoke.
解析：选B　预测推断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Luna studies those changes that occur in the brain as children develop into adults”可知，认知神经科学家Luna研究青少年成长为成年人的过程中大脑的变化。由此可推知，下文可能会讲青少年的大脑究竟有什么样的变化。故答案选B。
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Researches about the teenagers.
B．How the teenage brain develops.
C．Teenagers make endless choices.
D．The teenage brain drives them to be different.
解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了在青少年成长的过程中，大脑的变化促使他们区别于其他年龄段的人。D项能概括文章大意。故答案选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
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