2021年广东省湛江市雷州第二中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

2021年广东省湛江市雷州第二中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、 选择题1. When you finish reading this book, you will have_ better understanding of_ life.A. a; the B. the ; aC. /; the D. a ; /参考答案：D试题分析：考查冠词。本题第一空是固定词组have a better understanding of有更好的理解；第二空的名词Life是一个抽象名词，要单独使用，不需要冠词。句意：当你读完这本书的时候，你会对生活有更深的理解。故D正确。点评：冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这题主要是抽象名词具体化的用法，除了honor还有success，failure，surprise，pleasure等名词也可以表示抽象名词具体化。2. _ surprised me most was _ Mary spoke Chinese just like a native speaker.A. That, what B. Which, that C. What, that D. That, that参考答案：C3. Young drivers are far more_ to have accidents than older drivers. A. possible B. probable C. certainly D. likely参考答案：D略4. Here is a survey about hopes and dreams _ thousands of students took part. A. at whichB. in whichC. with whichD. about which参考答案：B5. It is reported that many a new house_at present in the disaster area.Aare being builtBwere being built Cwas being builtDis being built参考答案：D6. difficulties we may come across, well help one anther to overcome them.AWhenever BWhatever CHowever DWherever参考答案：B7. After Mr Gao stayed in America for two years, he could _ wait to get home.A. almost B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom 参考答案：B8. How often do you eat out? _, but usually once a week. A. Just hang on second B. It depends C. Come off it D. Generally speaking参考答案：9. A completely new situation will _ when the examination system comes into existence.A. rise B. raise C. ariseD. arose参考答案：C10. Bears often hide themselves in places _ cant be found by humans. A. thatB. in whichC. whereD. /参考答案：A11. Li Hua the exam, but he was too careless.A. could have passed B. should passC. must have passed D. can pass参考答案：A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：李华本能通过考试，但是他太粗心了。表示与过去的事实相反，应该用情态动词+have done的虚拟，could have done表示“本能而实际没有”，must have done表示对过去事情最肯定的推测，表示“一定”，故A项正确。12. I dont know how he managed to _ cheating in the exam. A. get away with B. get away fromC. get out of D.get behind with参考答案：A13. -You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you dont. - _. Confidence is really important. A. Its not my cup of tea B. Thats not the point C. I dont think so D. I couldnt agree more参考答案：D14. Charlie still has difficulty solving the problem_he consulted the professor.A. even though B. as though C. so that D. as if 参考答案：A15. Qian Sanqiang _ himself to the development of science. A. buries B. focuses C. devotes D. celebrates参考答案：C16. Alice kept quiet about the incident _lose her job. ( ) A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to参考答案：17. Id like to book a single room in your hotel.OK. Theyre US$100 each, but a room with a sea view will cost _ $10.A. the other B. another C. other D. others 参考答案：B18. Only adults are allowed to have access the Internet in the Internet cafes in our city.A. withB. toC. forD. in参考答案：B二、 短文改错19. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线， 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处, 多者 ( 从第11处起 ) 不计分。I am writing because I need to talk you about what happened to my luggage carrying by your airline. In Friday, June 2, 2006, I traveled on your airline from Beijing to Paris. During I went to pick up my luggage in Paris , I was told that it was missed. The lost luggage is a black suitcase, 50 cm in long and 30 cm wide, in that there are five volumes of valuable research papers. If you cannotfind them for me, I am sure that you will agree to pay me $1,000, the valuable of my luggage on my claim ticket, to compensate (补偿)for my great lost. 参考答案：20. 文中共有10处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜钱（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。Recently a heated discussion was holding in our English class about face-to-face communication and online communication.Some students think people can express them more easily in a face-to-face situation. Its impossible of people to fail understand each others messages. And a closer friendship was often developed when people communicate in the person. So others strongly believe communication on the Internet is a faster way. Besides, people usually feel relaxing and express their feelings more freely when they dont see the other persons face. In my opinions, we can choose our own way, that is suitable for us. 参考答案：Recently a heated discussion was holding in our English class about face-to-face held communication and online communication.Some students think people can express them more easily in a face-to-face situation. themselves Its impossible of people to fail understand each others messages. And a closer for to friendship was often developed when people communicate in the person. So others is the But strongly believe communication on the Internet is a faster way. Besides, people usually feel relaxing and express their feelings more freely when they dont see the other persons face. relaxedIn my opinions, we can choose our own way, that is suitable for us. opinion which 三、 阅读理解21. Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).“Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres.” says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres including smoking, radiation (辐射) and psychological stress(心理压力), such as being treated badly when young, and taking care of someone who is permanently ill.In the study, researchers examined whether exposure to(暴露于) violence could make children s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at the ages of 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the children had been exposed to violence between the mother and her partner, having been treated badly in a physical way by an adult, or bullying. Researchers measured the childrens telomeres in cells from their cheeksat the ages of 5 and 10.Telomeres shortened more quickly in children exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.Shalev says there is hope for these children. His study found that in some cases, telomeres can lengthen.Better exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres,” he says60. The new study found that _.A. hardship has a long-term effect on a childs mind B. violence leaves scars on a childs mindC. violence can speed up a childs aging D. hardship can change a childs DNA61. According to the passage, telomeres _.A. are at the ends of peoples chromosomes B. can help prevent DNA from separatingC. can make a cell die quickly D. become shorter before they die62. What can we learn from the passage?A. Violence can cause quick cell division in childrens body.B. Children at the ages of 5 to 10 are more likely to be exposed to violence.C. Being treated badly will make a childs telomeres shorten faster.D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.63. What is the best title for the passage?A. Violence Aging Childrens DNA.B. Childrens Changing DNA PatternsC. Violence and TelomeresD. The Function of Telomeres参考答案：60. C 61. B 62. D 63. A本文是一篇科普类短文，儿童在童年时期经历的暴力队他们有很大的影响，会让儿童DNA的端粒变短，进而让他们的寿命变短。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).可知暴力会给孩子的身体留下伤疤，还会导致7到10年内的提前衰老。故C项正确。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating.可知Telomere可以预防染色体中的DNA分开。故B正确。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第二句Unless such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.可知研究发现端粒较短的孩子患衰老方面的疾病可能性更大。故D项正确。【63题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging可知暴力会给孩子带来很大的影响，会影响孩子的DNA，会导致他们7到10岁的早衰。故A项为文章主题。22. We dont know how different our future will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it. At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet-even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people wont be as important as they are today-we will feel a little lonely. Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play a similar role as computers, like robots which will do the housework for us. Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar-powered cars, which will be much more environmentally friendly. We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more pollution environment. But it isnt true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And, scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as our health will be in a better condition. Although we cant predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our and our childrens future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen. 46. Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?A. Because the number of people will become much smaller. B. Because there will be less face-to-face communication. C. Because people wont like making friends with each other. D. Because people wont communicate with each other much often. 47. The third paragraph mainly tells us _. A. that computers will do all the things for human beings. B. how people will use computers to communicate with each other. C. that machines like computers and robots will help people a lotD. how people will use robots to do the housework48. According to the passage, which of the following will happen in 2050?A. The relationship between people will be more important than today. B. The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today.C. It wont be difficult for people to travel to other planets. D. Our environment will be much more polluted with a growning number of cars. 49. The underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably means _. A. disappointed B. surprised C. curious D. optimistic 50. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How people will communicate in the year 2050 B. What our life will be like in the year 2050C. How people will travel and spend their holiday in the year 2050D. What high technology will appear in the year 2050参考答案：BCCDB