上海震旦中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

上海震旦中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. ----- Did you buy the dictionary?
---- No. My lost dictionary was found, so I ________ a new one.
A. didn’t need to buy              B. needn’t have bought
C. shouldn’t have bought           D. mustn’t have bought
参考答案：
A
2. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ___________.
A. value      B. use    C. fun             D. sense.
参考答案：
D
3. Reportedly, a newly-made traffic regulation says whoever drives through the red light _____ be fined at least ￥200.
A. shall           B. may           C. would             D. must
参考答案：
A
4. —Where is Lucy?
—I can’t say where she is, but she _________ have gone to meet her classmates, for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A. can B. should C. must D. may
参考答案：
D
5. Have you got any ______ to make?
A. impressions   B. comments    C. reactions      D. opinions
参考答案：
B
略
6. The girl came ___________to the bus stop，only ________ the bus had gone.
A. running; to find    B. to run; to find
C. and run; found    D. running; finding
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个女孩跑向了公交车站，结果却发现公交车已经离开了。第一空中动词run与主语the girl构成主动关系，且与谓语动词come的动作同时发生，用现在分词running to the bus stop充当方式状语，第二空中使用“only+不定式”表示意料之外的结果。故A项正确。
7. The stone bridge __________ last year is very beautiful.
A . built        B. was built   C . being built   D .to be built
参考答案：
A
略
8. It is rather difficult to make friends with him, but his friendship, _______, is more true than any other’s.
A. once gained                   B. When to gain       C. After gaining                  D. While gaining
参考答案：
A
9. She _____ go away when her old friend came to see her.
A. was going to        B. would             C. was about to    D. was to
参考答案：
C
略
10. It was after he got what he had desired_____ he realized it was not so important.
   A. that            B. when             C. as       D. since
参考答案：
A
11. Most of the citizens are not _____ the building of the factory because it will produce a great deal of pollution.
A. in terms of                       B. in place of                      C. in charge of                   D. in favor of
参考答案：
D
略
12. The earliest English ___ was written in a kind of English that is now difficult ___.  
A. poem; to understand                                  B. poet; to be understood
C. poetry; to be understand                               D. poetry; to understand
参考答案：
D
略
13. ______ Jack Ma has stepped down as chairman of Alibaba, he still remains on its board of directors.
A. Since    B. Before
C. While    D. Until
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查连词辨析。A. Since自从；B. Before在……之前；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。句意：虽然马云已经辞去阿里巴巴董事长一职，但他仍然是阿里巴巴的董事会成员。故C选项正确。
14. She ________ sleeping when her mother ________ in.
A. pretended to be; comes B. pretends being; comes
C. pretended being; came D. pretended to be ; came
参考答案：
D
15. The wire was found broken. And ______, there happened to be no one getting near.
A. therefore         B. however             C. otherwise             D. fortunately
参考答案：
D
16. （原创）You cannot enter the office _______ you are allowed.
A. when B. if              C. once                  D. unless
参考答案：
【答案】
17. One of the ____ moments in my life was when I conquered my fear and  stood on the stage making a speech to hundreds of people.
A．inventive    B．distorted C．moral    D．significant
参考答案：
D
考查形容词辨析。句意：我生命中最重要的时刻之一是，我克服了恐惧，站在舞台上向数百人发表演讲。A. inventive发明的；B. distorted歪曲的；C. moral道德的；D. significant重大的，故选D。
18. When ______ in a book or simply trying to rest, you will find the phone always seems to be ringing, ______ whatever peace you might have.
A. absorbed; destroy B. absorb; destroyed
C. absorb; to destroy D. absorbed; destroying
参考答案：
D
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
If you want to be a inventor, you must have a plan design to solve a particular problem. This is not as easily as it sounds. Many idea, developed after weeks of research, may not prove successful. Many unsuccessful approaches rejected, but only the most creative and successful ones are welcomed. Each idea has tested by you will need to be improved until it lead you to a new invention. Once this hard work has been completing and the patent committee has approved your design, you will find your invent adopted on all sides.
参考答案：

本文是一篇议论文，主要告诉我们，如果你想成为一名发明家，你就必须有计划的去解决一些问题，想法只有不断的调查研究，不懈的努力和不断的改善最后才能成为你的发明创造。
在以元音开始发音的单词前用an，在以辅音开始发音的单词前用a，这里“plan“开始发音的是原因所以应该用”an“。
“you must have a plan designed to solve a particular problem”分析句子成分，主谓宾皆不缺，下划线部分做定语后置修饰“plan”，由于“plan”是被“design”的，所以应该用过去分词“designed”表示被动。
“as+形容词或副词原级+as”意为“和……一样……”，这里是“it sounds easy”，系动词后加形容词作表语，所以应该用形容词“easy”。
“idea”是可数名词，前面加了“many”表示“很多”，所以应该用复数形式“ideas”。
“approaches”应该是“被拒绝的”，所以这里应该用被动语态“be rejected”。
分析句子成分，“idea”作主语，“need”作谓语，所以“idea”后面跟的是定语来修饰主语，所以应该删去“has“。
“it”作从句中的主语，所以从句中的谓语应该用第三人称单数形式，故应该改为“leads”。
“this hard work”应该是“被完成”，所以应该用“be+过去分词”表被动，因而“complete”应该改为“completed”。
“your”是形容词性物主代词，所以后面应该加名词“invention”。
【名师点睛】对于句子结构要分析清楚，先找到主语、谓语、宾语，再进一步分析定语，状语等；如果有定语从句，先找到先行词，在确定关系代词；如果有定语后置，则一定要判断好主被动关系，在确定是用现在分词还是过去分词。例如第6个错误，原句“Each idea has tested by you will need to be improved until it lead you to a new invention.”，主语是“idea”，谓语是“need”， “idea”后面跟的只能是作定语修饰主语，而且“idea”应该是“被测试“，所以要用过去分词“tested”。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’m still a high school student, and on my way to begin my college days. Every day, devote to my study, I had learned much knowledge, which will definitely promise me a good performance in my college entrance exam. I hope that I can be admitting into my dream university, one with good equipment and learned professors, who can offer me guidance when I am in a trouble. Of course, there will be exams in college to check my study. I share the same idea with Mike that we should be active in college. I won’t bury myself at books the whole day. Instead, I’ll join much clubs that I can develop my social skills. I firmly believe that only when I fulfill my potential I make my college life more color1 fully.
参考答案：

这篇文章主要讲了作者对大学生活的向往以及规划。
考查固定用法。 On one’s way to doing sth. 是固定用法，意思是在某人做某事的路上。所以begin改成beginning。
考查过去分词的用法。句意：每天，因为我专心于我的学习，所以我学到了许多知识。Be devoted to…是固定用法，意思是专心于…，这里省略了be。所以devote改成devoted。
考查时态。表示过去发生的、持续到现在的动作或状态，用现在完成时。所以had改成have。
考查语态。这里含有一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中，I和admit之间是被动关系，用被动语态。所以admitting改成admitted。
考查固定用法。be in trouble是固定用法，意思是处于困难中。所以去掉a。
考查固定用法。bury oneself in是固定用法，意思是埋头于……。所以at改成in。
考查形容词。Club是可数名词，所以应该用many修饰。 所以much改成many。                                                             
考查定语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。that改成where。
考查情态动词。句意：我坚定的认为，只有发挥我的潜能，才能使自己的大学生活更加的丰富多彩。表示“能够……”，所以I之前，加上can。
考查固定用法。句意：我坚定的认为，只有发挥我的潜能，才能使自己的大学生活更加的丰富多彩。make + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。所以color1 fully改成color1 ful。
三、 阅读理解
21. The human-caused rise in CO2 hasn’t yet reached its full warming effect, owing to the considerable delay in its impact on ocean temperature. There is still another 0.5oC of so of warming to occur over the coming decades based on the current concentrations（浓度）of CO2 in the atmosphere, and far more warming beyond that if CO2 concentrations continue to rise greatly with the business-as-usual burning of fossil oil. To improve  the situation, the world needs to shift firmly from coal, oil and gas to renewable energy by around 2050 and from cutting down trees to planting trees and restoring degraded lands.
So why do human begins keep dashing in a stupid way ahead , toward certain tragedy?
The main reason is that our political institutions and giant corporations intentionally ignore the rising dangers and damage.  ①  Managing a major company is about maximizing shareholder value, not about telling the truth or avoiding great harm to the planet . Profit -seeking investors own the major media, or at least influence them through their advertising purchases. Thus, a small yet very powerful group keeps the fossil-fuel-based energy system at growing dangers to the rest of humanity today and in the future.
We need a new kind of politics that starts with a clear goal: environmental safety for the planet’s people , by fulfilling the Paris agreement , protecting biodiversity , and cutting pollution, which kills millions each years.  ②  The new politics will listen to scientific and technological experts , not self-interested business leaders and politicians.
③  Such a politics is possible . In fact, the public longs for it . A large majority of the American people ,for example, want to fight global warming, stay in the Paris climate agreement, and support renewable（可更新的）energy. Yet, as long as a narrow and ignorant elite（精英）judges Americans and the rest of human beings to wander aimlessly in the political desert, the more likely it is that we will end up in a wasteland from which there will be no escape.  ④
36. The first paragraph implies that____.
A. the temperature will rise by 0.5oC if we don’t stop burning fossil oil
B. The human-caused rise in CO2 has an immediate effect on ocean temperature
C. There is no way available to solve the problem of warming effect at present.
D. Worse is to come if no action is taken to reduce the rise in human-caused CO2
37. Politics is about obtaining and holding power and the benefits of office, not about solving problems , even life-and -death environmental problems.” should be put in _______.
A. ①    B. ②
C. ③    D. ④
38. The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. criticize the ignorance of giant corporations and political institutions
B. make an appeal to build a new kind of politics to handle the worsening situation
C. call on people to live a low carbon life so that we needn’t fight global warming
D. Analyze the situation and find out the real problem with the worsening environment
39. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A. What humans can do to avoid suffering from political desert.
B. How renewable energy will bring benefit to the American people.
C. How giant corporations should respond in fact of growing danger to the planet.
D. What American political institutions should do for the good of the environment.
参考答案：
36. D    37. A    38. B    39. D
本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要叙述人类活动对地球的破坏越来越严重了，其主要原因是我们的政治机构和大型企业有意忽视了不断上升的危险和破坏，我们需要一种以明确目标为起点的新政治。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段The human-caused rise in CO2 hasn’t yet reached its full warming effect, owing to the considerable delay in its impact on ocean temperature.及全段内容可知，人类造成的二氧化碳上升使地球变暖具有延迟性，从而可以推断出，如果没有采取行动减少人类造成的二氧化碳的上升，情况会变得更糟。故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段The main reason is that our political institutions and giant corporations intentionally ignore the rising dangers and damage.提及政治机构和大型企业，再根据后句Managing a major company is about maximizing shareholder value, not about telling the truth or avoiding great harm to the planet .提及大型企业的目的可知，前句应该为政治的目的。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段We need a new kind of politics that starts with a clear goal: environmental safety for the planet’s people, by fulfilling the Paris agreement , protecting biodiversity , and cutting pollution, which kills millions each years.可知，作者认为需要一种以明确目标为起点的新政治，从而推断出，作者写此文的目的是呼吁建立一种新的政治体系来处理日益恶化的局势。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Yet, as long as a narrow and ignorant elite（精英）judges Americans and the rest of human beings to wander aimlessly in the political desert, the more likely it is that we will end up in a wasteland from which there will be no escape.提及无知的美国精英法官，可推断出，文章下一段可能会叙述美国政治机构应该为环境保护做些什么。故选D。
22. Tickets for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil have gone on sale, with fans able to apply on FIFA’s website. FIFA is expecting a similar demand to that in Germany 2006, when there were about seven applicants for every ticket of the 64 matches. And now around 3.3 million tickets will be available for the matches in 2014.
Tickets will range in price from￡58 for first-round matches to￡632 for the final at Maracana Stadium in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian citizens over 60, local students and members of some social programs can purchase tickets for ￡15．
The Price of Football - World Cup 2014
Items
Prices
Items
Prices
Ticket
￡58-￡112
Final ticket
￡281-￡632
Sun cream
￡9.50
T-shirt
￡13
McDonald’s meal
￡11
Water
￡1.28
Imported beer
￡3.83
Domestic beer
￡1.91
Coffee
￡2.55
Average dinner
￡29
“It’s always difficult to predict,” said FIFA marketing director Thierry Weil. “But I truly believe that it will be more similar to what happened in Germany than in South Africa in 2010.” According to FIFA, the 2006 World Cup was attended by more than 3.3 million fans. Almost two million tickets were sold to the general public in South Africa, although the number of applications during the first ticketing phase was significantly lower．
All applications made before 10th October 2013 will enter a random selection draw if there are not enough tickets available to fulfill all requests. The sales of the leftover tickets will begin on 5th November on a first-come, first-served basis. Another phase will begin on 8th December after the draw is made. The tournament begins on 12th June, with Brazil playing the opener in Sao Paulo．
A study on the price of World Cup 2014 looked at the ticket prices and the cost of travelling to Brazil and found that our English fans face hotel costs of between￡46 and￡797 a night, while packages range from￡2,999 to￡14,999．
13．How much should a Brazilian student pay for the opening match?
A．￡15          B．￡58          C．￡112         D．￡632
14．From the passage we know that Thierry Weil_______.
A．feels proud of what they achieved in South Africa 2010
B．feels worried about the sales of the tickets for Brazil 2014
C．holds the belief that Brazil 2014 will be the greatest world cup
D．believes that more fans will attend Brazil 2014 than South Africa 2010
15．What will FIFA do if there are not enough tickets available for requests before Oct.10, 2013?
A．They will sell the spare tickets to the applicants．
B．They will sell on a first-come, first-served basis．
C．They will choose the applicants based on a random selection draw．
D．They will sell them the tickets to be sold on Dec.8．
参考答案：
13．A  14．D  15．C
试题分析：2014年巴西世界杯就要开幕了，网上预订门票也火爆预售中。国际足联认为，本届世界杯应该更“像2010年的德国而不是像南非”一样火热。
13．A细节信息题。根据文章第二段中“Brazilian citizens over 60, local students and members of some social programs can purchase tickets for￡15.”可知，当地的学生只要买票只需要15镑。故该题正确答案为A.
14．D细节信息题。根据文章第三段中Thierry Weil所讲：“But I truly believe that it will be more similar to what happened in Germany than in South Africa in 2010.”可知，他相信本次世界杯的情况会更像德国的那次而非2010年的南非世界杯。以及下文所提到的数据可知，从