上海市中学2020年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析.docx

上海市中学2020年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. The 38 people _______ in the Tian'anmen Square accident _______ in hospitals now.
A. wounded, treat                        B. injured, were treated
C. hurted, are being treated                D. injured, are being treated
参考答案：
D
2. Cosmetics were probably first used in India, but it was the Egyptians, six thousand years ago, ______ made the most use of them.
A.  when       B.  where                  C.  which                D.  who
参考答案：
D
略
3. ________, I believe, and you will find Tom is very outgoing.
A. Having a talk with the student                  B. Given a talk with the student
C. One talk with the student                       D. If you have a talk with the student
参考答案：
C
4.         with College Entrance Exam slogans, the walls of the classroom look better．
A．Having decorated   B．Being decorated    C．To be decorated D．Decorated
参考答案：
D

5. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _____pictures.
A. many of                       B. a large amount of    
C. a plenty of                     D. masses of
参考答案：
C
6. To our great delight, the public facilities in our city have been adapted to give _________ to wheelchair users.
A. privilege B. access C. permission   D. priority
参考答案：
B
7. Mary said that once ________ him you would like him and make friends with him.
A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met
参考答案：
C
8. ---Mum! Jack has broken my toy!
---________ Accidents will happen.
A. What is the matter?            B. Doesn't matter.          C. No trouble at all.       D. Why not?
参考答案：
B
9. I’d appreciate       if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that      B. it       C. this      D. you
参考答案：
B
略
10. All of us want very much to see these amusing movies, especially _____ you
referred to just now.
A. one B. the one C. it D. any
参考答案：
B
本题考查代词。
11. If it ______ in a few days, the crops could be saved.  
  A. should rain     B. rains       C. would rain      D. had rained
参考答案：
A
12. Nongfu Spring, one of China’s biggest bottled water companies, was reported ________ to meet national standards, and its chairman held a news conference in Beijing on May 7.
A. having failed B. to fail   C. failing  D. to have failed  
参考答案：
D
13. We are ready for the visit to the hospital which was built as a memorial _______ King Edward VII.
A. about            B. with                        C. to                            D. for
参考答案：
C
14. Zhao Benshan, whose overwork _______ his health failure last year, is said to perform in the coming Spring Festival Gala on CCTV.
A. referred to           B. applied to           C. contributed to       D. objected to
参考答案：
C
略
15. We were told that we should follow the main road__________we reached the central railway station .
A.whenever   B.until    C.while   D.wherever
参考答案：
B
解析：句意是:我们被通知应当沿着这件主路走下去，直到中心火车站。此题用until…与延续动词follow连用，表示“直到……为止”。
16. Harry, would you _____  the story at the point where John left off yesterday?
A. finish up        B. do up          C. take up       D. put up
参考答案：
C
17. Spring Festival is the most important festival in China and an occasion ____ all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West.
  A. where                  B. when                 C. that                     D. which
参考答案：
B
18. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins          B. having begun   C. beginning            D. begun
参考答案：
D
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：把缺词处叫个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
         2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Time fly like an arrow. I’m already in Senior Grade 3 before I realized it. It will be only a little more than seven months before I graduate middle school. At the present, I’m busy review my lessons in order to take the College Entrance Examination. I hope to go to Beijing University, that is one of the best university not only in China but also in the world. I’ll try my best to turn your dream into a reality. Most of my classmates are also studying very hardly to realize their dreams. I do believe everyone will be admitted to an university or college.

参考答案：
1.fly—flies
2.realized—realize
3.middle前加from
4.present前的the去掉 
5.review—reviewing
6.that—which  
7.university—universities 
8.your—my
9.hardly—hard
10.an—a
【思路点拨】短文改错中的错误都是学生们经常犯的错误，修改时应考虑语法和词法知识，如动词、名词、形容词等形式的变化等。
解析:
1.fly—flies             因为time是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单三形式。
2.realized—realize       主句用的一般现在时，before引导的时间状语从句也应用现在时。
3.middle前加from      graduate from从……毕业。
4.present前的the去掉  at present现在，固定短语，present前不用冠词。
5.review—reviewing  be busy doing sth忙于做某事，busy后应用动词的ing形式。
6.that—which          此处是非限制性定语从句，只能用which引导。 
7.university—universities  one of the best +名词复数，最好的……中之一，故university改为复数形式。
8.your—my            此处的主语是I，人称代词应用my。
9.hardly—hard         study hard努力学习，hard本身就是副词。
10.an—a              university以辅音音素/j/开头，故用不定冠词a表示yige。
20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The other day, we moved to the new school yard, where lies in the far north of the city. We were all on high spirits. It is much big than the old one. The classrooms are bright and clean. We have a lot of modern equipment, making convenient for students to learn every subject. Now we can have a lot of after-class activity on the new playground. Our teachers often play the basketball and soccer together with us. As spring approached, the flowers newly planting in the yard have just come out. With such many green trees and fragrant flowers around, we feel it less hardly to study and our school life more enjoyable.
参考答案：
The other day, we moved to the new school yard, where lies in the far north of the city. We were
                                        which                                      
all on high spirits. It is much big than the old one. The classrooms are bright and clean. We have a
in                    bigger                                          
lot of modern equipment, making convenient for students to learn every subject. Now we can
                          it                              
have a lot of after-class activity on the new playground. Our teachers often play the basketball
                   activities                        the           
and soccer together with us. As spring approached, the flowers newly planting in the yard have
                                approaches               planted         
just come out. With such many green trees and fragrant flowers around, we feel it less hardly to
               so                                                    hard
study and our school life more enjoyable.

【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者主要叙述作者搬到新的校园的所见与感受。
【详解】第一处：考查定语从句。句中先行词为new school yard，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。句意：前几天，我们搬到了新的校园，它位于城市的最北部。故将where改为which。
第二处：考查短语固定搭配。短语in high spirits兴高采烈的。句意：我们都兴高采烈故将on改为in。
第三处：考查形容词比较级。根据句中的than提示可知，这里用形容词的比较级形式。句意：它比旧的校园大得多。故将big改为bigger。
第四处：考查代词。句中真正宾语为不定式to learn every subject，这里用it作形式宾语。句意：我们有很多现代化的设备，使学生学习每一门课程都很方便。故在making后面加上it。
第五处：考查名词数。名词activity为可数名词，根据前面a lot of修饰可知用复数形式。句意：现在我们可以在新操场上有很多课外活动。故将activity改为activities。
第六处：考查冠词。球类作为一种运动,其前一般不加冠词。句意：我们的老师经常和我们一起打篮球和踢足球。故将play后面the去掉。
第七处：考查时态。根据前后句时态可知，这里用一般现在时。句意：随着春天的临近，校园里新栽的花刚刚开放。故将approached 改为approaches。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。名词flowers与plant为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：随着春天的临近，校园里新栽的花刚刚开放。故将planting改为planted。
第九处：考查副词。many前用副词so。句意：有这么多绿色的树和芳香的花在周围，我们觉得学习不那么困难，我们的学校生活更愉快。故将such改为so。
第十处：考查词义辨析。hardly几乎不； hard困难。句意：有这么多绿色的树和芳香的花在周围，我们觉得学习不那么困难，我们的学校生活更愉快。故将hardly改为 hard。
三、 阅读理解
21. As free as they make us, mobile phones still need to stay close to a power source. Soon that may change with "green" power.
Three Chilean students got the idea for a plant-powered device(装置) to charge their cellphones, while sitting in their school's outdoor courtyard during a break from exams, with dead mobile phones. Then, one of them had an "aha" moment.
“It occurred to Camila to say about plants, "said inventor Evelyn Aravena. “‘Why don't you have a socket, if there are so many plants? ’After that, we thought, ‘why don't they have a charging outlet? Because there are so many plants and living things that have the potential to produce energy, why not?’”
Their invention—a small biological circuit called E-Kaia—uses the energy plants to produce during photosynthesis(光合作用). A plant uses only a small part of that energy and the rest goes into the soil, and that's where the E-Kaia collects it. The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone.
"It's the most amazing project I've ever seen in my life, plain and simple. They brought this original model, and it worked — and that's when it all changed, at least from my personal point of view and I began to support them." said Mauricio Cifuentes.
The device solved two problems for the engineering students — they needed an idea for a class project, and an outlet to plug in their phones.
"Looking for a place to charge the notebook, which had no power, and the mobile phones, we weren't able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices," said Aravena.
But plants are everywhere, and the bio－circuit makes the best of their excess(过多的) power.
The E-Kaia doesn't carry much charge but it's powerful enough to completely recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours.
The student inventors have applied for patents on their technology, and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in December 2016.
21.How could the students get the "green" power idea?
A. By carrying out an experiment.
B. Just from an occasional thought.
C. With the support of their professors.
D. Inspired by the information in a science book.
22.The device collects power by using _____________.
A. photosynthesis
B. a small biological circuit
C. energy plants
D. the electricity stored in the device
23.What can we learn from what Mauricio Cifuentes said?
A. He intended to buy the patent.
B. He invented the original device.
C. He showed great interest in the device.
D. He attempted to produce the device in large numbers.
24.What might be the best title for the passage?
A. A New Device to Change the World
B. Green Power - A New and Potential Source
C. Chilean Students Find A Green Way to Charge Phones
D. A New Device Invented by Chilean Students Will Be on Sale
参考答案：
21-24.BBCC
22. Data on British buying habits in 2015 reveals a move away from products such as sausages and bacon in favour of fish and poultry(家禽肉).
The move may be because high-end consumers are noticing growing warnings about their impact on health. That was reinforced by an assessment by the World Health Organization in October that placed cured and processed meats in the same category as asbestos, alcohol, arsenic and tobacco as major causes of cancer.
Sales of sausages and bacon were down 14.4% last year compared with 2014 and sales of red meat fell by 8.1%. In contrast, sales of poultry and fish rose by 13.1% and 25.1% respectively.
The sustained interest in organic food is driven by an increase in young and socially conscious"millennials"(born from the early 1980s to the early 2000s) with strong social, ethical and environmental values. They are prepared to pay extra for healthier options and shifting shopping patterns away from"the big weekly shop"in favour of"a few and often".
At Tesco sales of organic fruit and vegetables have risen by more than 18% over the last year — double the market average. Tesco fruit commercial manager Gareth Wilcock said,"The revival of organic foods has been gathering pace over the last few years, with lower prices and better availability both playing a major part in that."
George Scott, food and grocery analyst with Verdict Retail, said,"Organic food is no longer niche (针对特定小群体的) and I think this upward sales trend is here to stay. It is very significant that we have acute consumers who are prepared to trade up to the foods where they want the best quality and assurances of provenance."
28．What does the World Health Organization think of processed meats?
A.High-end consumers prefer them.
B.They have little effect on heart diseases.
C.They’re a kind of organic food.
D.They’re likely to cause cancer.
29．What are the figures in Paragraph 3 used to show?
A.The sales of some food in two years.
B.Some data on British buying habits.
C.Customers’ interest in organic food.
D.The change of British buying habits.
30．What can we know about"millennials"?
A.They like buying in large quantities.
B.They’re health-conscious.
C.They used to buy a few things.
D.They share the same eating habits.
31．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A.Organic food businesses are taking off.
B.Organic foods have unfavorable prices.
C.It’s inconvenient to buy organic foods.
D.It’s hard to satisfy all consumers.
参考答案：
28．D
29．D
30．B
31．A
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"...placed cured and processed meats in the same category as asbestos, alcohol, arsenic and tobacco as major causes of cancer"可知,世界卫生组织认为,肉类加工品有可能致癌。
29．考查推理判断。第三段中列举的数据是为了支持本文的话题"Data on British buying habits in 2015 reveals a move away from products such as sausages and bacon in favour of fish and poultry(家禽肉)",即英国人改变了以往的购物习惯,不再依恋肉类加工品,而是转向有机食品。所以D项正确。
30．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"They are prepared to pay extra for healthier options"可知,千禧一代愿意为了更健康的选择多付钱,由此可推知他们有健康意识。
31．考查推理判断。根据最后两段的内容,尤其是"At Tesco sales of organic fruit and vegetables have risen by more than 18% over the last year...The revival of organic foods has been gathering pace over the last few years"和"I think this upward sales trend is here to stay"可知,有机食物企业开始盛行。
【备注】这是一篇说明文。数据表明英国人改变了以往的购物习惯,他们不再依恋肉类加工品,而是转向健康的有机食品。