现在时市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Revision ofthe Present Perfect Tense现在完成时专讲现在完成时专讲第1页复习目录现在完成时态概念现在完成时态结构现在完成时态否定，疑问形式现在完成时态使用方法现在完成时态与普通过去式比较现在完成时态练习第2页冬天来了，春天还会远吗？If winter has already come,can spring be far behind?第3页1.现在完成时概念1）表示）表示过去发生过去发生或或已完成已完成动作动作对现在对现在造成影响或结造成影响或结果；果；2）表示过去已经开始并表示过去已经开始并一直连续一直连续到现在动作或状到现在动作或状态。态。E.g.HehaslearnedEnglishsince.pastnowfuture现在完成时现在完成时普通过去式普通过去式现在进行时现在进行时普通未来时普通未来时第4页一一.结构结构1.必定句必定句:have/has+p.p.(过去分词过去分词)2.否定句否定句:have/has+not+p.p.(过去分词过去分词)3.普通疑问句普通疑问句:Have/Has提到句首提到句首Yes,have/has.No,havent/hasnt.第5页动词过去式以及过去分词AAA:put put put letlet letABB:standstood stoodABA:becomebecamebecomeABC:eat ateeatenAAB:beat-beat-beaten第6页规则动词(1)普通动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2)以“e”结尾动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾动词，将 y 变为 i，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped 第7页5.缩写形式缩写形式I have You have We have They haveHe has She has=Ive=Youve=Weve=Theyve=Hes=Shes第8页二、使用方法二、使用方法1、表过去发生某一动作对现在造成影响或结果、表过去发生某一动作对现在造成影响或结果-Wouldyoulikesomebread?-No,thanks.Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在影响：不饿对现在影响：不饿)常与副词常与副词just（刚才）（刚才）,already,before,yet（普通（普通疑问：已经；否定句：还疑问：已经；否定句：还),never,ever等连用。等连用。Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.Haveyoueverriddenahorse?Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.Ivejustfinishedmyhomework.Hehasnotcomeyet.第9页 惯用于现在完成时时间副词惯用于现在完成时时间副词,介词介词:already(已经):用于必定句I have already posted the letter.yet(已经):用于否定句,疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚才)They have just left.ever(曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing?never(从不)I have never seen him.before(以前)Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来)Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达)Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days/weeks/years(在过去)recently(最近)I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到当前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到当前为止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)第10页already和和yet区分区分already惯用于惯用于必定句中或句末必定句中或句末；yet惯用于惯用于普通疑问句或否定句末普通疑问句或否定句末。但表诧异时但表诧异时already也可用于疑问句。也可用于疑问句。e.g.1.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhiswork.2.Tomhasntfinishedhisworkyet.3.What!Haveyoualreadyfinishedit?第11页2、表示过去已经开始，连续到现在动作或状态，、表示过去已经开始，连续到现在动作或状态，也能够表示实质可能继续下去动作或状态。通常和也能够表示实质可能继续下去动作或状态。通常和for（一段时间）（一段时间）,since（时间点）（时间点）引导时间状语引导时间状语连用。另外还能够与连用。另外还能够与sofar,inthelasttenyears,bynow,thesedays等连用。等连用。Ihavebeenhereforabout5years.Hehasworkedheresince1989.I havent seen her these days.She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago.They have lived here since 1990.Great changes have taken place in the last 10 years.第12页for和和since利用利用for“经历经历(时间段时间段)”since“自从自从以以来来”for时间段时间段since时间段时间段agosince时间点时间点since从句从句1.Hehasstayedherefor3hours.2.Hehasstayedheresince3hoursago.3.Hehasstayedheresince3oclock.4.HehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.第13页练一练：用练一练：用for和和since填空。填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince第14页注意点一注意点一:since使用方法使用方法1.+详细过去时间详细过去时间sincesincesincelastSunday+agosincetwoyearsago+句子句子(过去时过去时)2.Itis/hasbeen+一段时间一段时间+since从句从句.(自从某事发生已经有一段时间了自从某事发生已经有一段时间了.)Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.第15页注意点二：短暂性动词与现在完成时注意点二：短暂性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词在必定句、疑问句中不能与表示时间段短暂性动词在必定句、疑问句中不能与表示时间段短语连用。这些动词是：短语连用。这些动词是：buy,borrow,become,begin,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,gettoknow,go,join,leave,marry等等。为了表述相同意思，我为了表述相同意思，我们惯用对应延续性动词们惯用对应延续性动词have，keep等来代替短暂性等来代替短暂性动词。如：动词。如：我买这个手机有三年了。我买这个手机有三年了。Iboughtthecellphone3yearsago.Ihavehadthecellphonefor3years.第16页1.他爷爷已经逝世2年了。2.Nick 从军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has died for 2 years.Nick has joined the army for 3 years.He has left Shenzhen for along time.I have borrowed the book for 4 months.XXXX实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 (die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延续动词 (wait,know,learn 等)注意注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.第17页短暂性动词与延续性动词转换短暂性动词与延续性动词转换come/go be(in)leave be away(from)borrow keep buy havedie be dead get to know know begin be on go out be offgo out be off arrive be here/there marry/get married-be married catch a cold -have a coldfall asleep/get to sleep be asleepjoin the Party be in the Party/be a member of第18页实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意:瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用.第19页method 2:It is+时间段 since+普通过去时句子.1.他爷爷已经逝世2年了。2.Nick 从军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.It is 2 years since his grandpa died.It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.It is 4 months since I borrowed the book.第20页()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我买一本新词典已经有一星期了。我买一本新词典已经有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他们来这儿已经两天了。他们来这儿已经两天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入团两年了。他已入团两年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.这个人已经逝世好几年了。这个人已经逝世好几年了。练一练第21页1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks.()2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.()A B CA B CB kept B been on3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。这辆自行车我买了两年了。Ive _ the bike _ two years.4.He left Nanjing two years ago.He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.5.The monkey died last month.The monkey _ _ _ for a month.had forhas been away fromhas been dead第22页注意点三：注意点三：现在完成时与普通过去时使用方法比较现在完成时与普通过去时使用方法比较现在完成时表示过去动作一直延续到现在，甚至会现在完成时表示过去动作一直延续到现在，甚至会继续下去，或表示过去动作对现在造成影响；普通继续下去，或表示过去动作对现在造成影响；普通过去时表示动作发生时间在过去。现在完成时属于过去时表示动作发生时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在现在时态范围，所以，不能和表示过去时间状语连时态范围，所以，不能和表示过去时间状语连用。用。如：如：yesterday,lastnight,twoweeksago等等。切记切记:when不与现在完成时连用。不与现在完成时连用。第23页Put the following sentences into English.1.A:火车已经开走了。火车已经开走了。2.B:什么时候开走什么时候开走?3.A:半个小时之前开走。半个小时之前开走。2.A:你看过这部电影吗你看过这部电影吗?B:看过。看过。A:什么时候看？什么时候看？1.B:上周星期天看。上周星期天看。A:The train has left.B:When did it leave？A:It left half an hour ago.A:Have you seen the film?B:Yes,I have.A:When did you see it?B:I saw it last Sunday.试比较：试比较：第24页注意点四：注意点四：havebeento,havebeenin,havegoneto区分区分1、have(has)beenin表示表示“在某地（多长时间）在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间状语连用。比如：与表示一段时间状语连用。比如：YouhavebeeninZhongduMiddleSchoolfor2years.你们来中都中学已经有两年了。你们来中都中学已经有两年了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他们到加拿大有五年了。他们到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示表示“曾经去过某地曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可，现在已经不在那里了。可与与just,ever,never等连用。比如：等连用。比如：MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城。玛丽从未去过长城。have(has)beento后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。比如：后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。比如：TheyhavebeentoLongyanseveraltimes.他们去过龙岩好几次了。他们去过龙岩好几次了。3、have(has)goneto意为意为“到某地去了到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地，表示到了某地或正在去某地途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，比如：途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，比如：-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了。他到书店去了。第25页1.My parents the Great Wall twice.2.-you ever Xiamen?3.How long Peter the park?1.4.My sister the shop.She will be back in two hours.2.5.She Shanghai.She isnt here.3.6.She Shanghai for two years.has gone to have been to Have been to hasbeen in has gone to has been in 练一练：练一练：用用havebeento,havebeenin,havegoneto填空。填空。第26页一、选择填空。一、选择填空。()1.Theytheparkyesterday.A.wenttoB.hasbeentoC.hasgoneto.()2.you_yourlunchyet?A.Have,hadB.Did,haveC.Dohave()3.Theboy_mybikefortendays.Iwanttogetitbacknow.A.hasborrowedB.haskeptC.borrowed()4.Sofarwe_abouttwothousandEnglishwords.A.havelearntB.learntC.arelearning.AAAB当堂巩固当堂巩固第27页二、完成句子二、完成句子1、我买了一本书。我买这本书有一个星期了。、我买了一本书。我买这本书有一个星期了。I _ _ a book.I _ _ the book for a week.2、你去过北京吗？、你去过北京吗？_ you _ Beijing?3、Mr.Smith 离开了故乡五年了。离开了故乡五年了。Mr.Smith _his home town for five years.4、John借了这本书一个月了。借了这本书一个月了。John _ this book for a month.5、他爷爷逝世有十年了。、他爷爷逝世有十年了。His grandfather _ since ten years ago.have bought have hadHave been tohas been away fromhas kept has been dead第28页三、句型转换三、句型转换1、Hehasneversucceeded,?（改成反意疑问句）（改成反意疑问句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_lastyear.Heforayear.(die)（动词填空）（动词填空）4.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换同义句转换)Thisfactory_fortwentyyears.hasheHowlongdiedhasbeendeadhasbeenopen第29页5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换同义句转换)MissGao_anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）（同义句）Hermother_thePartythreeyears_.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同义句转换同义句转换)_twoyears_theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子把两个句子合并成一个句子)_hasbeenawayjoinedagoItissinceThebushasbeenherefortenminutes.第30页HowisAnn?I_herforalongtime.A.dontseeB.wontseeC.didntseeD.haventseen(莆田莆田)HasntBettycomeyet?No,andI_forherfornearly2hours.A.waitB.waitedC.havewaitedD.hadwaited第31页IsMr.Bakerathome?(辽宁辽宁)Sorry,heisntin.He_Dalianforvacation.A.hasgoneB.wentC.isgoingD.goesMr.Zhangisateacherofrichexperience.He_Englishfor20years.(宁德宁德)A.hastaughtB.willteachC.teachesD.taught第32页-Howmanytimeshaveyou_toXiamen?-Threetimes.(福建）福建）A.beenB.wentC.goneD.goIwontforgetmyteacherbecauseshe_sokindtomesinceIcametothisschool.A.hasbeenB.willbeC.wasD.is(）第33页-IwillreturnthebooktoMary,butIcantfindheranywhere.-she_theteachersoffice.Youcanfindherthere.(云南云南)A.hasleftB.wasawayfromC.hasgonetoD.hasbeentoYouhave_mydictionaryfortwoweeks.Sorry,Iwillgiveitbacktoyourightnow.A.lentB.borrowedC.kept(南充南充)第34页-_you_outtheproblem,Sam?-Notyet,butIamgoingto.(南宁南宁)A.Did,workB.Are,workingC.Have,workedD.Will,work-WhatareyougoingtodothisSaturday?-I_yet.(厦门厦门)A.havendecidedB.wontdecideC.amnotdecidedD.didntdecide第35页汉译英汉译英1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、他昨天收到一封信。他昨天收到一封信。3、我父亲以前到过长城。我父亲以前到过长城。Jimhasfinisheddoinghishomeworkalready.Heisfreenow.Hereceivedaletteryesterday.MyfatherhasbeentotheGreatWallbefore.第36页4、她还没有看过那部新电影。她还没有看过那部新电影。5、她去过上海。她去过上海。6、他这些天上哪儿去了？他这些天上哪儿去了？Shehasntseenthenewfilmyet.ShehasbeentoShanghai.Wherehashebeenthesedays？第37页Thank you!Bye-bye!第38页