河南师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目 录 2012 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.4 2013 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.15 2014 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.26 2015 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.37 2017 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.48 2018 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.60 说明：本书精心搜集了市面上的历年真题，并整理了答案详解，备考价值尤为珍贵！若需要纸质内容，可以申请定制打印版，详情咨询在线客服！2012 年河南师范大学 211 翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解 .V ocabulary and Grammar(30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1.The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary _ too much work last week.A.take to B.take out C.take away D.take on【答案】D【解析】句意：董事长被指责上周让他的秘书承担了太多工作。take on 承担。take to 喜欢；开始从事。take out取出；去掉。take away 带走，拿走。2.Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as a(n)_ for breaking the law.A.excuse B.intention C.option D.approval【答案】A【解析】句意：不懂法律不能作为违犯法律的借口。excuse 借口。approval 批准；认可。3.It is said in some parts of the world,goats,rather than cows,serve as a vital _ of milk.A.storage B.reserve C.resource D.source【答案】D【解析】句意：据说在世界上某些地方，奶的重要来源是山羊而不是奶牛。source 来源。4.To our _,Geoffreys illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.A.anxiety B.relief C.view D.judgment【答案】B【解析】句意：让人欣慰的是，杰弗里的病没有我们害怕的那么严重。to ones relief 使人安心的是。5.Many people like white color as it is a_ of purity.A.symbol B.sign C.signal D.symptom【答案】A【解析】句意：许多人喜欢白色，因为白色是纯洁的象征。sign 指人们公认事物的记号、标志，也可指某种情况的迹象。symbol 指有象征意义的或表达某种深邃含义的特殊事物。signal 指为某一目的而有意发出的信号、暗号。6.The lure of something for nothing as an ideal in gambling has_ criticism from the upright,honest people of the society.A.evoked B.stirred C.spread D.enhanced【答案】A【解析】句意：赌博的理想是不劳而获，这种诱惑引发了社会上正直、诚实的人们的批评。evoke 引起，唤起。7.The students in the Advanced Teachers Training Class are asked to visit the nearby middle schools for the _ of lessons.A.inspection B.investigation C.observance D.observation【答案】D【解析】句意：高级教师培训班的学员被要求到附近的中学观摩教学。inspection 视察，检查（有上级对下级的意味）。observance 惯例；遵守。8.His irresponsible behavior put the lives of all the workers in _.A.risk B.alarm C.hazard D.jeopardy【答案】D【解析】句意：他不负责任的行为将所有的工人置于危险之中。in jeopardy 处于危险状态。risk 与 at 搭配。9.Fortunately when I collided with that big car,the damage to both cars was only _.A.small B.minimal C.little D.few【答案】B【解析】句意：幸运的是，当我和那辆大车相撞时，两辆车都只有轻微损坏。minimal 指“极小的，极少的”，尤其是最小的程度或数量。10.One of the problems our government has to deal with is the _ of the growing number of plastic containers.A.dissolution B.disposition C.disappearance D.disposal【答案】D【解析】句意：我们政府需要解决的一个问题是如何处理日益增多的塑料容器。disposal 丢弃，处理。dissolution溶解；（议会等的）解散。disposition 处置；性情。11.You _ that letter to James.However,you didnt.A.ought to write B.ought to have written C.should write D.should be writing【答案】B【解析】句意：你原本应该写信给詹姆斯，然而你并没有写。ought to have written 是虚拟语气，表示本应该做某事而没做。12.Under this _ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.A.intensive B.weighty C.intense D.bulky【答案】C【解析】句意：在这种强压下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。intense 强烈的。intensive 加强的；集中的。weighty重的。bulky 庞大的；笨重的。13.It was requested that all of the equipment _ in the agreed time.A.erected B.would be erected C.be erected D.will be erected【答案】C【解析】句意：所有设备都被要求在约定时间建好。在表示建议、要求等的词后，从句要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略。14.We are writing to the manager _ the repairs recently carried out at the above address.A.with reference to B.with the purpose of C.with a view to D.with the exception【答案】A【解析】句意：我们正在给经理写信，内容关于最近在上述地方进行的修补。with reference to 关于，有关。with the purpose of 目的是。with a view to 为了，目的是。with the exception of 除以外。15.A special feature of education at MIT is the opportunity for students and faculty to _ together in research activities.A.involve B.participate C.specialize D.consist【答案】B【解析】句意：麻省理工学院教育的一个突出特点是，为学生和全体教员提供了一起参加研究活动的机会。participate in 参加。16.Some people argue that the death _ does not necessarily reduce the number of murders.A.penalty B.plot C.pattern D.practice【答案】A【解析】句意：有人认为，死刑未必会减少谋杀的数量。death penalty 死刑。17.Television was not invented by any one person._ into being overnight.A.Nor has it sprung B.Nor does it spring C.Nor did it spring D.Nor can it spring【答案】C【解析】句意：电视并不是被某一个人所发明，也不是一夜之间就出现的。否定词放于句首应该用部分倒装。18.A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to _ the habit of smoking.A.turn up B.pick up C.make up D.draw up【答案】B【解析】句意：研究表明，生活在无烟宿舍的学生不太可能养成吸烟的习惯。pick up 捡起；不费力地学会。turn up 出现；发生。make up 组成；补足。draw up 起草。19.Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to _ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones.A.dissolve B.disguise C.discount D.distinguish【答案】D【解析】句意：许多人事经理说，越来越难将诚实的申请者与逐渐增多的不诚实申请者区分开。distinguish.from.把跟区分开来。dissolve 使溶解；使分解。disguise 掩饰；假装。discount 打折扣；低估。20.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _ supplies of petroleum.A.proficient B.efficient C.potential D.sufficient【答案】D【解析】句意：欧盟成员国一度担心他们没有足够的石油供应。sufficient 足够的；充分的。proficient 熟练的，精通的。efficient 有效率的；有能力的。21.Some people believe that since oil is scarce,the _ of the motor industry is uncertain.A.terminal B.benefit C.fate D.estimate【答案】C【解析】句意：有些人认为，由于石油十分短缺，汽车制造业的前景无法确定。terminal 末端；终点。22.During the process,great care has to be taken to protect the _ silk from damage.A.sensitive B.tender C.delicate D.sensible【答案】C【解析】句意：在这个过程中，人们十分注意保护精美的丝绸不受损害。delicate 微妙的；精美的。sensitive 敏感的。tender 温柔的；柔软的。sensible 明智的；通情达理的。23.We are quite sure that we can _ our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.A.get across B.get over C.get away D.get off【答案】B【解析】句意：我们十分确定我们可以克服当前困难，按期完成任务。get over 克服；恢复。get across 通过；使被理解。get away 离开；逃脱。get off 动身；免于受罚。24.The old paper mill has been _ to make way for a new shopping centre.A.cut down B.kept down C.torn down D.held down【答案】C【解析】句意：为了给新购物中心腾出地方，这座旧造纸厂已经被拆除。tear down 拆除；拆毁。cut down 削减；砍倒。keep down 控制；镇压。hold down 抑制；压制。25.In my opinion,hes _ the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets.A.in all B.at best C.for all D.by far【答案】D【解析】句意：在我看来，他是当代最有想象力的诗人。四个选项中只有 by far 可以放在最高级前作程度副词。for all 尽管；虽然。26.What a lovely party!Its worth _ all my life.A.remembering B.to remember C.to be remembered D.being remembered【答案】A【解析】句意：真是一次令人愉快的聚会！我一辈子都会记住它。worth 后面可以接动名词，须用主动形式来表示被动含义。27.After working all day,he was so tired that he was in no _ to go to the party with us.A.mood B.emotion C.sense D.taste【答案】A【解析】句意：工作一整天后，他十分疲惫，没心情跟我们一起去聚会。in no mood 没有心情。28.Its good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually _ from the Bible.A.acquire B.derive C.result D.obtain【答案】B【解析】句意：很多流行的英语表达实际上出于圣经，知道这一事实很有趣。derive from 源出，来自。29.According to the key witness,a peculiarly big nose is the criminals most memorable facial _.A.feature B.signature C.hint D.spot【答案】A【解析】句意：主要目击者称，鼻子很大是罪犯最令人难忘的面部特征。signature 署名；签名。facial feature 面部特征。30.Research shows that there is no _ relationship between how much a person earns and whether he feels good about life.A.successive B.sincere C.significant D.subsequent【答案】C【解析】句意：研究表明，一个人赚多少钱与其是否对生活满意之间没有明显的关系。subsequent 后来的，随后的。successive 连续的；继承的。.Reading Comprehension(40 points)Section 1(20 points)Directions:There are 2 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice.Passage A The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive“attachment”period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example,we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alonefar from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not so widespread today if parents,care takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in the last decade,there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on childrens development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and this is undoubtedly,why more and more patents make use of child care at this time.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut,though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.1.This passage mainly centers on _.A.infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schools B.whether children under the age of three should go to nursery schools C.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent to school before they are three D.there is some negative effect on children who are sent to school after the age of three 2.The phrase“predispose to”in the first paragraph most probably means _.A.relieve B.influence favorably C.dispose of D.tend to suffer 3.According to Bowlbys belief,it is quite possible that _.A.mens personalities will be changed to some extent through separation from their parents B.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children C.children will be exposed to potential negative effects from early day care later on D.some long-term effects can hardly be predicted 4.Those who are against the conclusion drawn from Bowlby think that _.A.traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early age B.day care does not necessarily have a negative effect on children C.a child did not live together with parents among Ngoni D.children do emotional problems when separated from parents 5.The writer concludes that _.A.it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery school B.it is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for children C.it is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery school D.it is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school【答案与解析】1.B 第一段提出，有的人认为“.children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three”，后面说到也有一些反对这一结论的观点，后文针对这一话题进行了讨论。2.D 根据宾语“emotional problems”即可知句意，这些孩子们在今后的生活中容易遇到情感问题。3.C 由最后一段“But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects”可知，“early day care”的影响会延迟。4.A 由第二段“.the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies”可知，反对第一段结论的人认为，在传统社会中，孩子与父母很早就分开。5.D 最后一段作者的结论为“.experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.”，也就是把三岁以上的孩子送到托儿所是合理的。Passage B Getting ready to go back to school in the good old days of,say,1998 meant a few trips to the mall and a quick check of the bus route.This year,for many patents,there are some new things to remember:The teachers e-mail address,the schools website and which night online homework helps chat will be offered.“The 1999-2000 school year will be the one when the majority of parents really feel the Internets influence on their childrens education everyday level,”says Jonathan Carson,chairman of the Family Education Co.,which offers a parenting website at www.family and a framework for local schools to create and maintain their own sites.This year promises to show a quantum leap in the spread of school technology:Parents in many districts can expect to be able to check the school lunch menu,read class notes,see activity calendar and view nightly homework assignmentsall online.“The schools are wired.”says Carson.“A majority of parents now have access and the educators are ready to go.”Over the summer,parents of high school German students in Ithaca,N.Y.got to be part of a class to Europe,through their home computers.The class brought a digital camera and laptop with them to Germany and documented their visit on their web page.Hazy Ash,father of 16-year-old traveler Brian,found it reassuring to see his sons smiling face from half a world away.Before their kids left,parents had choked the site for scheduling information,a list of activities and advice on cultural differences.When its designed well,a district,school or classroom website can change the relationship between the parents and the school,says Cynthia Lapier,Ithacas director of information and instructional technology.“The more you can involve parents in school,the better,”Lapier says.“The technology gives us another way to reach them,especially parents of secondary school students,who tend to be less involved.”Ithaca high school physics teacher,Stever Wirt,gets e-mail from parents regularly,some from the parents he believes might otherwise not pick up the phone with a concern.Using reviewing for a quiz or discussing homework problems.The way things are going,by the end of this year,many parents may be fully converted-and in fact dependent upon their schools technological capabilities.At a recently wired school in Novi,Michigan,the school webmaster was just a few hours late posting the lunch-menu calendar on the website.In that time,more than a dozen parents called him by telephone to request the information.“A year ago,it never would have been there,“says Carson.And now patents are finding its tough to get by without it.6.Many parents now remember the teachers e-mail address and the schools website because _.A.by doing so they neednt go to the store to buy stationery for their children B.they can reach their childrens school and the teachers without traveling there C.the e-mail and the website can help them find out what their children do D.they can observe how the Internet affect their childrens education every day 7.“The schools are wired.A majority of parents now have access and the educators are ready to go.”(Para.2)means that _.A.the schools and paints are connected by the Intent so that teachers will leave school B.parents can find out what happens to their children in school by visiting Internet C.parents and educators may discover that schools are strange by using computers D.the schools are online and parents now can teach their children and the teachers are to go 8.The example of Ithaca high school is used to show _.A.how important the school website is for parents to be involved in education B.that the school online can reassure the parents about what their