河南师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解(1).pdf

目录2012年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2017年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2018年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年河南师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解.Vocabulary and Grammar(30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences this part.For eachsentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONEanswer that best completes the sentence.1.The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary _ too muchwork last week.A.take toB.take outC.take awayD.take onD【答案】句意：董事长被指责上周让他的秘书承担了太多工作。takeon承担。take to喜欢；开始从事。take out取出；去掉。take away带走，拿走。【解析】2.Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as a(n)_ for breakingthe law.A.excuseB.intentionC.optionD.approvalA【答案】句意：不懂法律不能作为违犯法律的借口。excuse借口。approval批准；认可。【解析】3.It is said in some parts of the world,goats,rather than cows,serve asa vital _ of milk.A.storageB.reserveC.resourceD.sourceD【答案】句意：据说在世界上某些地方，奶的重要来源是山羊而不是奶牛。source来源。【解析】4.To our _,Geoffreys illness proved not to be as serious as wehad feared.A.anxietyB.reliefC.viewD.judgmentB【答案】句意：让人欣慰的是，杰弗里的病没有我们害怕的那么严重。to ones relief使人安心的是。【解析】5.Many people like white color as it is a_ of purity.A.symbolB.signC.signalD.symptomA【答案】句意：许多人喜欢白色，因为白色是纯洁的象征。sign指人们公认事物的记号、标志，也可指某种情况的迹象。symbol指有象征意义的或表达某种深邃含义的特殊事物。signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号、暗号。【解析】6.The lure of something for nothing as an ideal in gambling has_criticism from the upright,honest people of the society.A.evokedB.stirredC.spreadD.enhancedA【答案】句意：赌博的理想是不劳而获，这种诱惑引发了社会上正直、诚实的人们的批评。evoke引起，唤起。【解析】7.The students in the Advanced Teachers Training Class are asked tovisit the nearby middle schools for the _ of lessons.A.inspectionB.investigationC.observanceD.observationD【答案】句意：高级教师培训班的学员被要求到附近的中学观摩教学。inspection视察，检查（有上级对下级的意味）。observance惯例；遵守。【解析】8.His irresponsible behavior put the lives of all the workers in _.A.riskB.alarmC.hazardD.jeopardyD【答案】句意：他不负责任的行为将所有的工人置于危险之中。in【解析】jeopardy处于危险状态。risk与at搭配。9.Fortunately when I collided with that big car,the damage to both carswas only _.A.smallB.minimalC.littleD.fewB【答案】句意：幸运的是，当我和那辆大车相撞时，两辆车都只有轻微损坏。minimal指“极小的，极少的”，尤其是最小的程度或数量。【解析】10.One of the problems our government has to deal with is the _ ofthe growing number of plastic containers.A.dissolutionB.dispositionC.disappearanceD.disposalD【答案】句意：我们政府需要解决的一个问题是如何处理日益增多的塑料容器。disposal丢弃，处理。dissolution溶解；（议会等的）解散。disposition处置；性情。【解析】11.You _ that letter to James.However,you didnt.A.ought to writeB.ought to have writtenC.should writeD.should be writingB【答案】句意：你原本应该写信给詹姆斯，然而你并没有写。oughtto have written是虚拟语气，表示本应该做某事而没做。【解析】12.Under this _ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.A.intensiveB.weightyC.intenseD.bulkyC【答案】句意：在这种强压下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。intense强烈的。intensive加强的；集中的。weighty重的。bulky庞大的；笨重的。【解析】13.It was requested that all of the equipment _ in the agreed time.A.erectedB.would be erectedC.be erectedD.will be erectedC【答案】句意：所有设备都被要求在约定时间建好。在表示建议、要求等的词后，从句要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。【解析】14.We are writing to the manager _ the repairs recently carried outat the above address.A.with reference toB.with the purpose ofC.with a view toD.with the exceptionA【答案】句意：我们正在给经理写信，内容关于最近在上述地方进行的修补。with reference to关于，有关。with the purpose of目的是。with a view to为了，目的是。with the exception of除以外。【解析】15.A special feature of education at MIT is the opportunity for studentsand faculty to _ together in research activities.A.involveB.participateC.specializeD.consistB【答案】句意：麻省理工学院教育的一个突出特点是，为学生和全体教员提供了一起参加研究活动的机会。participate in参加。【解析】16.Some people argue that the death _ does not necessarily reducethe number of murders.A.penaltyB.plotC.patternD.practiceA【答案】句意：有人认为，死刑未必会减少谋杀的数量。deathpenalty死刑。【解析】17.Television was not invented by any one person._ into beingovernight.A.Nor has it sprungB.Nor does it springC.Nor did it springD.Nor can it springC【答案】句意：电视并不是被某一个人所发明，也不是一夜之间就出现的。否定词放于句首应该用部分倒装。【解析】18.A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are lesslikely to _ the habit of smoking.A.turn upB.pick upC.make upD.draw upB【答案】句意：研究表明，生活在无烟宿舍的学生不太可能养成吸烟的习惯。pick up捡起；不费力地学会。turn up出现；发生。make up组成；补足。draw up起草。【解析】19.Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to_ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones.A.dissolveB.disguiseC.discountD.distinguishD【答案】句意：许多人事经理说，越来越难将诚实的申请者与逐渐增多的不诚实申请者区分开。distinguish.from.把跟区分开来。dissolve使溶解；使分解。disguise掩饰；假装。discount打折扣；低估。【解析】20.The European Union countries were once worried that they wouldnot have _ supplies of petroleum.A.proficientB.efficientC.potentialD.sufficientD【答案】句意：欧盟成员国一度担心他们没有足够的石油供应。sufficient足够的；充分的。proficient熟练的，精通的。efficient有效率的；有能力的。【解析】21.Some people believe that since oil is scarce,the _ of the motorindustry is uncertain.A.terminalB.benefitC.fateD.estimateC【答案】句意：有些人认为，由于石油十分短缺，汽车制造业的前景无法确定。terminal末端；终点。【解析】22.During the process,great care has to be taken to protect the _silk from damage.A.sensitiveB.tenderC.delicateD.sensibleC【答案】句意：在这个过程中，人们十分注意保护精美的丝绸不受损害。delicate微妙的；精美的。sensitive敏感的。tender温柔的；柔软的。sensible明智的；通情达理的。【解析】23.We are quite sure that we can _ our present difficulties andfinish the task according to schedule.A.get acrossB.get overC.get awayD.get offB【答案】句意：我们十分确定我们可以克服当前困难，按期完成任务。get over克服；恢复。get across通过；使被理解。get away离开；逃脱。get off动身；免于受罚。【解析】24.The old paper mill has been _ to make way for a new shoppingcentre.A.cut downB.kept downC.torn downD.held downC【答案】句意：为了给新购物中心腾出地方，这座旧造纸厂已经被拆除。tear down拆除；拆毁。cut down削减；砍倒。keep down控制；镇压。hold down抑制；压制。【解析】25.In my opinion,hes _ the most imaginative of all thecontemporary poets.A.in allB.at bestC.for allD.by farD【答案】句意：在我看来，他是当代最有想象力的诗人。四个选项中只有by far可以放在最高级前作程度副词。for all尽管；虽然。【解析】26.What a lovely party!Its worth _ all my life.A.rememberingB.to rememberC.to be rememberedD.being rememberedA【答案】句意：真是一次令人愉快的聚会！我一辈子都会记住它。worth后面可以接动名词，须用主动形式来表示被动含义。【解析】27.After working all day,he was so tired that he was in no _ to goto the party with us.A.moodB.emotionC.senseD.tasteA【答案】句意：工作一整天后，他十分疲惫，没心情跟我们一起去聚会。in no mood没有心情。【解析】28.Its good to know that quite a few popular English expressionsactually _ from the Bible.A.acquireB.deriveC.resultD.obtainB【答案】句意：很多流行的英语表达实际上出于圣经，知道这一事实很有趣。derive from源出，来自。【解析】29.According to the key witness,a peculiarly big nose is the criminalsmost memorable facial _.A.featureB.signatureC.hintD.spotA【答案】句意：主要目击者称，鼻子很大是罪犯最令人难忘的面部特征。signature署名；签名。facial feature面部特征。【解析】30.Research shows that there is no _ relationship between howmuch a person earns and whether he feels good about life.A.successiveB.sincereC.significantD.subsequentC【答案】句意：研究表明，一个人赚多少钱与其是否对生活满意之间没有明显的关系。subsequent后来的，随后的。successive连续的；继承的。【解析】.Reading Comprehension(40 points)Section 1(20 points)Directions:There are 2 passages in this part.Each passage is followedby some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are fourchoices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice.Passage AThe British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation fromthe parents during the sensitive“attachment”period from birth to three mayscar a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlbys work that childrenshould not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of theparental separation it entails,and many people do believe this.But there arealso arguments against such a strong conclusion.Firstly,anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair betweenchildren and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist intraditional societies.For example,we saw earlier that among the Ngoni thefather and mother of a child did not rear their infant alonefar from it.Secondly,common sense tells us that day care would not so widespreadtoday if parents,care takers found children had problems with it.Statisticalstudies of this kind have not yet been carried out,and even if they were,theresults would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly,in thelast decade,there have been a number of careful American studies of childrenin day care,and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral orslightly positive effect on childrens development.But tests that have had tobe used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settlethe issue.But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day care hasdelayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to,say,more mentalillness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use ofstatistics.Whatever the long-term effects,parents sometimes find theimmediate effects difficult to deal with.Children under three are likely toprotest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three orthree and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy,and thisis undoubtedly,why more and more patents make use of child care at thistime.The matter,then,is far from clear-cut,though experience and availableevidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.1.This passage mainly centers on _.A.infants under the age of three should not be sent to nursery schoolsB.whether children under the age of three should go to nursery schoolsC.there is not negative long-term effect on infants who are sent toschool before they are threeD.there is some negative effect on children who are sent to school afterthe age of three2.The phrase“predispose to”in the first paragraph most probablymeans _.A.relieveB.influence favorablyC.dispose ofD.tend to suffer3.According to Bowlbys belief,it is quite possible that _.A.mens personalities will be changed to some extent throughseparation from their parentsB.early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in childrenC.children will be exposed to potential negative effects from early daycare later onD.some long-term effects can hardly be predicted4.Those who are against the conclusion drawn from Bowlby think that_.A.traditional societies separate the child from the parent at an early ageB.day care does not necessarily have a negative effect on childrenC.a child did not live together with parents among NgoniD.children do emotional problems when separated from parents5.The writer concludes that _.A.it is difficult to make clear what is the right age for nursery schoolB.it is not settled now whether early care is reasonable for childrenC.it is not beneficial for children to be sent to nursery schoolD.it is reasonable to subject a child above three to nursery school【答案与解析】1.B 第一段提出，有的人认为“.children should not be subjected today care before the age of three”，后面说到也有一些反对这一结论的观点，后文针对这一话题进行了讨论。2.D 根据宾语“emotional problems”即可知句意，这些孩子们在今后的生活中容易遇到情感问题。3.C 由最后一段“But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that earlyday care has delayed effects”可知，“early day care”的影响会延迟。4.A 由第二段“.the insulated love affair between children and parentsfound in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies”可知，反对第一段结论的人认为，在传统社会中，孩子与父母很早就分开。5.D 最后一段作者的结论为“.experience and available evidenceindicate that early care is reasonable for infants.”，也就是把三岁以上的孩子送到托儿所是合理的。Passage BGetting ready to go back to school in the good old days of,say,1998meant a few trips to the mall and a quick check of the bus route.This year,for many patents,there are some new things to remember:The teachers e-mail address,the schools website and which night online homework helpschat will be offered.“The 1999-2000 school year will be the one when themajority of parents really feel the Internets influence on their childrenseducation everyday level,”says Jonathan Carson,chairman of the FamilyEducation Co.,which offers a parenting website at and a framework for local schools to create and maintain theirown sites.This year promises to show a quantum leap in the spread of schooltechnology:Parents in many districts can expect to be able to check theschool lunch menu,read class notes,see activity calendar and view nightlyhomework assignmentsall online.“The schools are wired.”says Carson.“A majority of parents now have access and the educators are ready to go.”Over the summer,parents of high school German students in Ithaca,N.Y.got to be part of a class to Europe,through their home computers.Theclass brought a digital camera and laptop with them to Germany anddocumented their visit on their web page.Hazy Ash,father of 16-year-oldtraveler Brian,found it reassuring to see his sons smiling face from half aworld away.Before their kids left,parents had choked the site for schedulinginformation,a list of activities and advice on cultural differences.When its designed well,a district,school or classroom website canchange the relationship between the parents and the school,says CynthiaLapier,Ithacas director of information and instructional technology.“Themore you can involve parents in school,the better,”Lapier says.“Thetechnology gives us another way to reach them,especially parents ofsecondary school students,who tend to be less involved.”Ithaca high school physics teacher,Stever Wirt,gets e-mail from parentsregularly,some from the parents he believes might otherwise not pick up thephone with a concern.Using reviewing for a quiz or discussing homeworkproblems.The way things are going,by the end of this year,many parents may befully converted-and in fact dependent upon their schools technologicalcapabilities.At a recently wired school in Novi,Michigan,the schoolwebmaster was just a few hours late posting the lunch-menu calendar on thewebsite.In that time,more than a dozen parents called him by telephone torequest the information.“A year ago,it never would have been there,“saysCarson.And now patents are finding its tough to get by without it.6.Many parents now remember the teachers e-mail address and theschools website because _.A.by doing so they neednt go to the store to buy stationery for theirchildrenB.they can reach their childrens school and the teachers withouttraveling thereC.the e-mail and the website can help them find out what their childrendoD.they can observe how the Internet affect their childrens educationevery day7.“The schools are wired.A majority of parents now have access andthe educators are ready to go.”(Para.2)means that _.A.the schools and paints are connected by the Intent so that teacherswill leave schoolB.parents can find out what happens to their children in school byvisiting InternetC.parents and educators may discover that schools are strange by usingcomputersD.the schools are online and parents now can teach their children andthe teachers are to go8.The example of Ithaca high school is used to show _.A.how important the school website is for parents to be involved ineducationB.that the school online can reassure the parents about what theirchildren doC.how the parents of the students got to be part of a class trip to EuropeD.it is more likely for parents to send teachers e-mails than to phonethem9.According to the last paragraph,the attitude of parents towards thelunch-menu calendar on the website is _.A.reliantB.optimisticC.biasedD.opposite10.According to this passage,which of the following will be changedmost?A.The relationship between teachers