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翻译不但要求真更要求美例一：A thousand moustaches can live together,but not four breasts.千条汉子能相处；两个婆娘不相容。第1页例二：-What flower does everybody have?-Tulips(=two lips)-人人都有什么花？-泪花。第2页例三：Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us.Their shadows slept,or almost slept,upon that water,a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep,or if sleep,that it was sleep with dreams.渔舟三五，横泊眼前，樯影倒映水面，好像睡去，偶然微颤，似未深眠，恍若惊梦。第3页作业11.Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closet natural equivalent of the source language,first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.(Eugene,Nida)第4页2.Translation may be defined as follows:The replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language.3.A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.The style and manner of writing should be the same character as that of the original.A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.(Tytler 1791)第5页参考译文参考译文1：所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近：所谓翻译，是在译语中用最切近自然对等语再现原语信息，首先就意义而自然对等语再现原语信息，首先就意义而言，其次就文体而言。言，其次就文体而言。参考译文参考译文2：翻译可作以下界定：用一个语言：翻译可作以下界定：用一个语言文本材料对等地再现另一个语言文本材料。文本材料对等地再现另一个语言文本材料。参考译文参考译文3：译文应完全复写出原作意思。译：译文应完全复写出原作意思。译文格调和笔调应与原文性质相同。译文应文格调和笔调应与原文性质相同。译文应和原作一样流畅。和原作一样流畅。第6页翻译与美学一、音韵美(music value)1）The electronic devices are used in computers as switches that simply turn on and off.第7页译文1、这些电子器械在计算机中起着开关作用，只是为了打开和关掉。2、这些电子器械在计算机中起着开关作用，只是开开关关而已。第8页 2）Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him.第9页译文1、欢迎他只有轻微、分散、三心二意掌声。2、欢迎他只有轻轻、零零落落、半心半意掌声。第10页 二、节奏美（rhythm value）1）One of my friends is lucky enough to be housed in a building constructed in the age of Henry VIII.Almost every other day,groups of tourists will congregate outside his window,peering in curiously,as if he were part of the history.第11页译文1、有一位朋友有幸住在一幢亨利八世时代古老建筑里，隔三差五窗外就有一批指指点点游客，把他当成古董一并参观了。2、有一位朋友有幸住在一幢亨利八世时代古老建筑里，隔三差五，窗外就驻足成批游客，指指点点，把他，连同这古屋，一并当古董参观了。第12页 2）In the doorway,lay at least 12 umbrellas of all sizes and colors.第13页译文1、在门口最少放着尺寸不一样、颜色各异12把伞。2、门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一”。第14页三、简约美（conciseness value）1）Any person not putting litter in this basket will be liable to a fine of$5.第15页译文1、任何不把凌乱东西放入这个筐内而任意乱扔人将处以罚款5美元。2、垃圾不入篮，罚款5美元”。第16页 四、丰润美(full-grownness value)1）Previously,if I had been really interested in a book,I would race from page to page,eager to know what came next.Now,I decide,I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar.第17页译文1、以前，假如我对一本书真有了兴趣，我就会一页一页往下赶，迫切地想知道接下去发生了什么。现在，我决定我对词汇应该变得像小气鬼一样，而且拉长每一句句子，就像一个穷人花费他最终一美元一样。2、以前，假如我对一本书真有了兴趣，就会一页一页往下赶，迫切地想知道接下去发生了什么。现在，我决定对词汇要像守财奴那样，不轻易放过，也要像穷人过日子，把每个句子，看成身边最终一块钱，省吃俭用，慢慢花费”。第18页五、意境美（artistic conception value）1）Illness brought her a strange restlessness and made her all the more eager to cling to life and squeeze from it the last drop of happiness.It made her envy health,but it also made her sentimental over a leaf that the wind had blown into her room.第19页译文1、疾病带给她一个奇怪烦乱不宁，使她愈加迫切地抓住人生，从中挤出最终一滴幸福。疾病还使她羡慕健康，可是，也一样使她看见一片被风吹进房间树叶而感伤。2、这种病使她尤其敏感不安，她越发急迫于抓住人生不放，似乎是要把人生甜蜜幸福挤到最终一滴而后已。这病使她多么羡慕人家健康，也使她多愁善感，见一叶飘零，随风入室，便愁绪满怀，无以自解。第20页 六、口吻美（tone value）A thousand moustaches can live together,but not four breasts.第21页 七、形象美(image value)1）The magic spades of archaeology have given us the whole lost world of Egypt 第22页译文1、考古学家们工作让我们了解整个古埃及情况。2、考古学家手中魔铲为我们重现了古埃及失落世界”。第23页2）My Heynes Tibullus was grasped at such a moment.It lay on the stall of the old bookshop in Goodge Street-a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish.第24页译文1、我那本海涅编写狄巴拉斯诗选就是在这么情况下得到手。它躺在古畿大街一家旧书屋书摊上，你在这个书店能够时不时地在大量垃圾货中找到绝妙东西。2、我那本海涅编写狄巴拉斯诗选就是在这么情况下得到手。它躺在古畿大街一家旧书屋书摊上，这家书屋是一个能够沙里淘金去处。第25页 八、整饬美（parallelism value）1）They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving,between being stupid and acting stupid,between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable.（TEM8英译汉）第26页译文1、他们清楚地知道可爱和假装可爱，愚蠢和大智若愚，知识渊博和假装博学间是有区分。2、他们明白，爱与装爱、傻与装傻、博学和装博学之间区分。第27页2）It begins when a feeling of stillness creeps into my consciousness.Everything has suddenly gone quiet.Birds do not chirp.Leaves do not rustle.Insects do not sing.第28页译文1、起初，有一个平静感觉悄然袭上我心头。刹那间，万物都寂静无声。鸟儿不再啁啾，树叶不再沙沙作响，昆虫也停顿了欢唱。2、起初，有一个平静感觉悄然爬上我心头。世间万物，顿时寂静。鸟儿不再啁啾，树叶不再婆娑，昆虫不再吟唱。第29页 九、朦胧美（mistiness value）1）Aside from damaging the islands international image,Liao said the skimpily clad women caused car accidents and spurred juvenile crime.He said they attracted the attention of teenagers who got into fights,even though sex isnt generally on offer.第30页译文1、除了有损此岛国际形象之外，廖说，这些穿“三点式”服装女子常诱发小轿车交通事故，造成少年犯罪。他说，这些女子对十几岁青少年颇具诱惑力，而常引发斗殴，即使这些女子通常不出卖其肉体。2、除了有损此岛国际形象之外，廖说，这些穿着暴露女子常诱发交通事故，他说，这些女子对十几岁青少年颇具诱惑力，而常引发斗殴，即使这些女子通常不从事色情交易 第31页十、创造美（creativity value）1）If my mother had known of it,shed have died a second time.第32页译文1、假如我母亲知道这事，她一定会气得死第二次。2、假如我母亲知道这件事情，她一定会气得从棺材里面跳出来”。第33页2）为女民兵题照（毛泽东）飒爽英姿五尺枪，曙光初照演兵场。中华儿女多奇志，不爱红装爱武装。第34页Militia Women -Inscription on a PhotoSo bright and brave,with rifles five feet long,At early dawn they shine on a drilling place.Most Chinese daughters have desire so strong,To face the powder and not to powder the face.第35页3）When I was as young as you are now,towering in confidence of twenty-one,little did I suspect that I should be at forty-nine,what I now am.第36页译文1、我在你这个年纪，二十出头，充满自信，意气风发，哪里会想到49岁今天我呢？2、我在你这个年纪，二十出头，小荷尖尖，意气风发，哪里会想到49岁今天我呢？第37页我有你这么年轻时候，二十一岁，壮志凌云，半点没有想到，四十九岁，这个年纪样子。第38页作业2翻译以下材料，注意划线部分翻译以下材料，注意划线部分1.The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy.His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful.Those who are nearest and dearest to us,those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name,may become traitors to their faith.第39页2.I took home a briefcase full of troubles.As I sat down on that hot and humid evening,there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing around in my brain.So I picked up a book,settled into a comfortable chair and applied my own special therapysuper-slow reading.第40页参考译文参考译文1：世上莫逆之交可能反目成仇。倾心呵护：世上莫逆之交可能反目成仇。倾心呵护抚养成人儿女到头来可能不念养育之恩。我们至抚养成人儿女到头来可能不念养育之恩。我们至爱亲朋，我们以幸福与名声相托人，可能会背叛爱亲朋，我们以幸福与名声相托人，可能会背叛其当初誓言。其当初誓言。参考译文参考译文2：我带着满满一皮包伤透脑筋问题回到家：我带着满满一皮包伤透脑筋问题回到家里。黄昏时分，既闷热，又潮湿，我坐下来，满里。黄昏时分，既闷热，又潮湿，我坐下来，满脑子翻腾起伏问题，似乎找不到处理方法。我只脑子翻腾起伏问题，似乎找不到处理方法。我只好拿起一本书，坐在舒适椅子里，施展自己特殊好拿起一本书，坐在舒适椅子里，施展自己特殊疗养法了疗养法了那便是超慢速阅读。那便是超慢速阅读。第41页
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