e19.Female-Reproductive-System女性生殖系统.ppt

组织胚胎学课件组织胚胎学课件 七年制英文医学班专用七年制英文医学班专用中国医科大学中国医科大学基础医学院基础医学院组胚组胚英文教学组英文教学组 Chapter 19 Female Reproductive system1.Components-ovary:produceovumsecretefemalesexhormones-oviduct:duct for fertilized ovum(zygote)passingthroughplacewherefertilizationtakesplace-uterus:organwherethefetusgrowup-vagina2.Ovary-ovoid,4X2X1cm-located on either sides of uterus inpelviccavity1)Generalstructure:-capsule:/superficialepithelium:alayerofsquamousorcuboidalcell/tunicaalbuginea:DCT-cortex:/differentstageoffollicles/matrix(stroma):cell-rich,denseCT-medulla:LCTwithBV,LV-hilum:SMandhiluscell 2)Differentphases-childhood:before development-all follicleareprimordialfollicle(700,000-2,000,000)-puberty:the ability for reproduce begin todevelop(40,000primordialfollicle)-sexualmaturity:(400-500arereleased)differentstageoffolliclescanbeseenhaveacyclicchange-menstrualcycle-climacteric:theabilityofreproducedecrease-senescence:all follicle disappear,replacedbyCT3)Developmentandmaturationoffollicle-sexualmaturity,non-pregnantstage-follicle=oocyte+follicularcellprimordialfollicle-oocyte:primaryoocyte/30uminD/large,vesicularnucleus/slighteosinophiliccytoplasm-follicularcell:alayerofflattenedcell*before birth,oogonia come from yolksac,enter ovarian cortex,developedintoprimaryoocyte,thenprimaryoocytebegin the first meiosis,but rest atprophaseofdivision*growing follicle:primary follicle:primordial follicle begin togrow-oocyte:LM:becomelargeEM:richinorganelles-follicularcell:becomealayerofcuboidalormorelayers-zonapellucide:/alayerofhomogeneousstructure-glycoprotein/eosinophilicinHEstainsecondaryfollicle:smallspaceappear-primaryoocyte:continuoustodevelopandreachlargestD(125-150um)-follicularcell:morelayers-follicular cavity:spacebetween follicular cells(6-12layers)/smallspacelargecavity(filledwithfollicularfluid)-cumulusoophorus:follicularfluidincreasetoforcetheoocyteandsomefollicularcellsmovetoonesidetoformahillock-likedstructure-corona radiate:follicular cell near oocytearrangedradiately-stratum granulosum:follicular cell whichconstitutethewalloffollicle-theca folliculi:derived form surroundingstromacellwhichproliferateanddifferentiatethecainterna:richincells(thecacell)-spindle-shaped,polyhedral-steroid-hormonecellsfeature:oestrogenthecaexterna:CT,fibermaturefollicle:(2cminD)-afolliclerequireabout10-14daystoreachamaturestage-follicularfluid:increase/follicularcavity:enlarge/stratumgranulosum:thinner-smallspaceappearbetweenthecellofcoronaradiate-The first meiosis division is completed,primary oocyte divides into secondary oocyteand first polar body(will disappear),thensecondary oocyte begin the second meiosisandrestatmiddlestageofdivision2)Ovulation-definition:theprocessbywhichsecondaryoocyte,zonapellucide,coronaradiateandfollicularfluidarereleasedintothepelviccavity,thencapturedbyoviductfimbriatedfunnel-processes:follicleprojectsfromsurfaceof ovariesthe area lack of bloodfollicularstigmatissueisdissolvedbyproteiolytaseandcollegenase,SMcontractfollicleruptureforcethecumulusoophorusgooutofthefollicle-time:fourteenthdayofmenstruation-ovummaintainthecapacityforfertilizationfor24hours3)formationofcorpusluteum-definition:afterovulation,therupturedfollicle collapse,CT and blood vesselenter the follicle to form a yellow-colored,gland-likedstructure-componentsandfunctions:granuloseluteincell:-comefromstratumgranulosumcell-LM:large,pale weakly eosinophilic,andcentrallydistributed-EM:steroid-hormonesecretingcellsfeature-function:secreteprogesterone*steroid-hormone secreting cell:EM:richin/mitochondriawithtubulovesicularcristea,/SER/lipiddropletthecaluteincell:-comefromthecainterna-LM:small,deepstained,andperipherallydistributed-EM:steroid-hormone secreting cellsfeature-function:secreteoestrogen-development:corpusluteumofmenstruation:-notfertilized-exist for 12-14 days,then become corpusalbicanscorpusluteumofpregnance:-fertilized-exist for 6 months,then become corpusalbicans4)Atreticfollicleandinterstialgland-atreticfollicle:follicledegenerateandperish-interstitial gland:during the degeneratingprocessesofsecondaryfollicle,cellsofthecainternaexistandactiveforacertaintimetoformagland,andproduceoestrogen3.Uterus or womb-pear-shaped-muscularorgan1)thestructureofuterinewall perimetrium:serosa andfibrosamyometrium:-SM:increase in numberand size(from 30-50um 500-600um)-CTendometrium:mucosa-epi.:simplecolumnarepi./ciliatedcell/secretorycell-laminapropria:/thick,CT(stroma of endometrium)containRF,LC,Ma,MC,PC/stromacell:-spindleoffusiform-shaped-producecollagen-spiralartery:coiled-uterinegland:single-tubedgland*Accordingtothefunction:-basallayer:/notshed/proliferationandrepairing-functionallayer:/thick/shed(cyclicchange-menstruation)2)menstrualcycle-definition:undertheregulationofovarianhormones,thecyclicchangeofendometrium(functionallayer)Theproliferativephase(follicularphase)5th-14thdaysofcycleProliferationandrepairingi.epiandglandrepairii.stroma cell:synthesis fiber andstromaiii.spiralAgrowiv.2-4mmthickOestrogenThesecretoryphase(lutealphase)15th28thdaysofcyclei.glandstarttosecreteii.stromacells:predecidualcell:synthesizeglycogenandlipiddropletiii.spiralAreachthesuperficiallayeriv.5-7mmthickOestrogenandprogesteroneThemenstrualphase1st-4thdaysofcyclei.vasconstrictionofspiralAnecrosisii.vasodilationofspiralAbleedingandshedding(menstruation)none