罗非鱼解剖.ppt

Tilapia External and Internal AnatomyMarch 11,20141.OBJECTIVE:Tilapia;Dissecting equipment(scissors,forceps,dissecting pan,etc.);Ruler.To become familiar with the gross anatomical structures of tilapia.SUPPLIES:2.HeadTrunk TailPROCEDURE:PART 1:EXTERNAL ANATOMYBody shape Streamlined,or fusiform,reducing the drag Body regions Head,Trunk,and Tail 3.ExternalAnatomy4.Scales cycloid scalesThinOvalOverlappingUsed for speedReduce frictionContain growth rings(circuli)5.Fins Used to maintain position,move,steer,and stop.Composed of fin rays(provide support)Unpaired FinsDorsal keep fish uprightAnal keep fish uprightCaudal (tail)thrusts fish through the water and assists in steeringPaired Fins Pectoral behind the gills(act as brakes;side to side motion)Pelvic-below and behind the pectoral fins(up and down motion)6.Gills Take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxideOpercula hard plate that covers the gillsGill arches 4 arches in tilapiaGill rakers strain unwanted particles from the waterGill filaments-where gas exchange takes place7.Lateral Line allows fish to sense change in water pressureAllows fish to sense movement in waterAvoid objects in their pathSense chemicals in the water(attracting a mate)Lateral Line8.MouthUsed in place of hands to feel objectsNaresNasal openings in the snoutContain smell receptorsSense of smell9.EyesEyes are on the sides of their headsNo eyelidsThick corneaLarge pupils which allow light to enterRetinas have both rods and cones(can see in dim light and color)10.The shapes of tilapia genital papilla11.Male tilapiaFemale tilapiaGenital papillaAnusUreterAnusOviductVas deferens and ureter12.PART 2:INTERNAL ANATOMYu Circulatory system Heartu Reproductive system Gonadu Urinary system Kidneyu Digestive system u Respiratory system GillsLiverGall bladder Intestineu Immune system Spleech13.The coelom of tilapia is divided into 3 cavities by The coelom of tilapia is divided into 3 cavities by membranes.membranes.14.INTERNAL ANATOMY15.u Dissecting procedure Lie the tilapia on right side,and cut the body wall Lie the tilapia on right side,and cut the body wall from the front of the anus forward and to the dorsalfrom the front of the anus forward and to the dorsal16.Then cut the body wall forward across of the Then cut the body wall forward across of the pectoral finpectoral fin17.Behind the operculum,cut the body wall from the Behind the operculum,cut the body wall from the ventral to the dorsal,get rid of the body wall,then ventral to the dorsal,get rid of the body wall,then the internal organs will be displayed.the internal organs will be displayed.18.u Circulatory system HeartHeart Heart Dark red organ,Dark red organ,located in the thoracic cavity located in the thoracic cavity and below the gills,which has one and below the gills,which has one cardiac atriumcardiac atrium and one and one cardiac ventriclecardiac ventricle.pericardial cavity19.u Reproductive system Gonad long cylindrical paired organs that and hang from long cylindrical paired organs that and hang from the dorsal aspect of the peritoneal cavity.In the dorsal aspect of the peritoneal cavity.In mature fish oocytes are usually visible in the ovary.mature fish oocytes are usually visible in the ovary.The testes are white,and the ovaries are slightly The testes are white,and the ovaries are slightly yellow.yellow.20.u Urinary system KidneyKidney The kidney is above the swim bladder and The kidney is above the swim bladder and very close to the spine.Usually very very close to the spine.Usually very dark reddark red in color.in color.21.u Digestive systemLiver behind the heart,brown color,In tilapia behind the heart,brown color,In tilapia one lobe of the liver extends posteriorly along the one lobe of the liver extends posteriorly along the intestine almost to the anus of the fish.intestine almost to the anus of the fish.22.Gall bladder Under Under the the lobes lobes of of the the liver liver for for a a small fluid-filled sack,dark green color.small fluid-filled sack,dark green color.Not all fish have gall bladders!Not all fish have gall bladders!23.Intestine tube-shaped and connections to tube-shaped and connections to the anus and stomach.the anus and stomach.Carnivores have large stomach and short Carnivores have large stomach and short intestines while herbivores have little(or no!)intestines while herbivores have little(or no!)stomach and very long intestines.stomach and very long intestines.24.Intestine about 5 to 7 times of the fish body about 5 to 7 times of the fish body lengthlengthDark peritoneum25.Spleech under the swim bladder,dark red color,under the swim bladder,dark red color,Flattened oval in shape.Flattened oval in shape.u Immune system Spleech26.u Respiratory system GillsGills Gill rakers,gill arch and gill filaments Gill rakers,gill arch and gill filaments27.Swim bladder The swim bladder is located above the peritoneum(retroperitoneal)and below the kidney.In tilapia,the swim bladder is thin-thin-walled,transparent,and fragile.walled,transparent,and fragile.28.l lDrawings of tilapia external anatomy(side view)Drawings of tilapia external anatomy(side view)and labeling of anatomical structures.and labeling of anatomical structures.ReportThank you!29.