新概念第二册Lesson93Anoblegift崇高的礼物.doc

Lesson93 A noble gift 崇高的礼物

One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France. 世界上最著名的纪念碑之一的自由女神雕像是在19世纪时由法国人民赠送给美国的。
the people指某个国家的人民；指复数的“人们”时通常不加the:
He never pays attention to what people say.他从不在乎人们说什么。
A lot of /Few people went to their wedding。许多/没几个人参加（了）他们的婚礼。
It was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.它由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。
He devoted his life to the people.他为了人民献出了生命。
He didn’t know what people said at all.他根本就不知道人们说了些什么。
noble ['nəubəl] a.高尚的，壮丽的
monument ['mɔnjumənt] n.纪念碑
statue ['stætʃu:] n.雕像
liberty ['libəti] n.自由
Liberty means freedom to practise religious and political beliefs.自由就是宗教信仰的自由和政见的自由。
I’m sorry that I took the liberty of selling the old fridge the other day.对不起，我那天没经你的同意就擅自把旧冰箱给卖了。
I’m at liberty to use the copy machine.我可以随意使用复印机。

present [pri'zent, 'prezənt] v.赠送 n.礼物
the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像

The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete. 这座由雕像家奥古斯特.巴索尔地设计的巨大雕像是用10年时间雕像刻成的。
sculptor ['skʌlptə] n.雕刻家
The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel. 这座雕像的主体是用铜制成的，由艾菲尔特制的金属框架支撑着。
actual ['æktʃuəl] a.实际的，真实的
copper ['kɔpə] n.铜
support [sə'pɔ:t] v.支持，支撑
① vt. 支持，支撑（某个具体东西）
The actual figure was supported by a metal framework.这座雕像的主体由金属框架支撑着。
Feeling weak, she supported herself against a desk and rested for a short time.她觉得有点虚弱，便靠着一张书桌休息了一小会儿。
② vt. 拥护，赞成，支持（人、想法等）
He made the right decision. Unfortunately, nobody supported him.他的决定是正确的。不幸的是，没有人支持他。
I supported his opinion that another bridge should be built over the river.我赞成他的观点，即这条河上应该再建一座桥。
③ vt. 抚养，供养，赡养
You need a high income these days to support a large family.现在，要有高收入才能养活一个大家庭。
My son can support himself now.
我儿子现在能养活自己了。

framework ['freimwə:k] n.构架，框架
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. 在雕像被运往美国之前，必须为它选好一块场地，同时必须建造一个基座。
transport [træn'spɔ:t] v.运送
site [sait] n.场地
pedestal ['pedistl] n.底座

The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour. 场地选在了纽约港入口处的一个鸟上。

By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. 到1884年，一座高度达151英尺的雕像在巴黎竖立起来了。

The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America. 第二年，它被拆成若干小块，运到美国。
take…to pieces 把……拆开/拆散
This machine is too large to be transported in whole. It has to be taken to pieces first.这台机器太大了，无法整个地运送，得把它先拆开。
By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi. 到1886年10月底，这座雕像被重新组装起来，由巴索尔地正式赠送给美国人民。
put…together 把……装配起来/组合起来（take…to piece的反义词）
They managed to put the machine together.他们设法把那台机器组装了起来。
I can’t put the broken vase together. 我无法把那打碎的花瓶重新拼起来。

Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
 从那时起，这座伟大的纪念碑对通过纽约港进入美国定居的千百万人来说就一直是自由的象征。

ever since then 从那以后
make one’s home in… 在……安家落户
Ian (has) left England and made his home in China.伊恩已离开英国，并在中国安了家。

同形不同音的词
许多词既可以作名词又可以作动作，但有些词为不同的词类使用时发音上，尤其是重音的位置会有变化，这些词有：(对照课本,写出下列音标)
accent
v. 重读
n. 重音
conduct
v. 指挥；导电
n. 行为
conflict
v. 冲突
n. 冲突
contest
v. 争夺，竞争
n. 比赛
contrast
v. 形成对比
n. 对比
export
v. 输出，出口
n. 出口
increase
v. 增加
n. 增加
insult
v. 侮辱
n. 侮辱
present
v. 赠送
n. 礼物
product
v. 生产
n. 农产品
protest
v. 抗议
n. 抗议
record
v. 记录，录音
n. 记录，唱片
refuse
v. 拒绝
n. 垃圾
transport
v. 运输，运送
n. 运输

1 noble ['nəubəl] a.高尚的，壮丽的
2 monument ['mɔnjumənt] n.纪念碑
3 statue ['stætʃu:] n.雕像
4 liberty ['libəti] n.自由
5 present [pri'zent, 'prezənt] v.赠送
6 sculptor ['skʌlptə] n.雕刻家
7 actual ['æktʃuəl] a.实际的，真实的
8 copper ['kɔpə] n.铜
9 support [sə'pɔ:t] v.支持，支撑
10 framework ['freimwə:k] n.构架，框架
11 transport [træn'spɔ:t] v.运送
12 site [sait] n.场地
13 pedestal ['pedistl] n.底座

1 a.高尚的，壮丽的：____________
2 n.纪念碑：____________
3 n.雕像：____________
4 n.自由：____________
5 v.赠送：____________
6 n.雕刻家：____________
7 a.实际的，真实的：____________
8 n.铜：____________
9 v.支持，支撑：____________
10构架，框架：____________
11v.运送：____________
12 n.场地：____________
13 n.底座：____________

自己整理词组如下：

课后structure句型中的补充资料:
第5题补充资料:
be made of/be made from/be made in/be made into/be made up of
1. be made of表示"由…制成", 一般指能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理变化。
Chair is made of wood. 椅子是木头做的。
This tablecloth is made of paper. 这张桌布是由纸做的。
This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。
2. be made from也表示"由…制成"，但一般指看不出原材料，或发生的是化学变化。
Bread is made from corn. 面包是小麦做的。
The lifeboat is made from some special material. 这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。
3. be made in指的是产地，意思为"于…制造"。
The caps are made in Russia. 这些帽子产于俄罗斯。
My mother likes to buy things which are made in China. 我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。
4. be made into的意思为"被制成为…"。
This piece of wood will be made into a small bench. 这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。
The paper has been made into clothes for the doll. 纸被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。
5. be made up of由…构成、一般是多种构成。
Water was made up of oxygen and hydrogen. 水由氧气和氢构成

be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made up of
练习：

1. The desk is made __________ wood .
2. Paper is made__________ wood .
3. The machines were made __________ the workers .
4. This kind of watch is made _________ Shanghai.
5. The team is made__________ 30 students and a teacher .
6. This kite is made __________ paper .
7. Salt is made __________seawater .
8. This kind of glass is made __________ paper .
9. The old bridge is made__________ stone .
10. This kind of drink is made_________ apple .
11. This bike is made __________ Shanghai .
12. Our class is made __________ forty students .
13. This machine was made __________ Uncle Wang .
14. This team is made _________ two doctors and five nurses .
15. This kind of car is made _________ this factory .
16. Butter is made__________ milk.
17. The plane is made __________the workers in this factory.
18. My sweater is made _________ wool.
19. Our teacher told us that water was made ________oxygen and hydrogen.
20. This piece of wood will be made ________ a small bench.
1. of 2. from 3.by 4.in 5. up of
6. of 7. from 8.of 9. of 10. from
11.in 12. up of 13. by 14. up of 15. in
16. from 17. by 18.from 19. up of 20.into

第6题补充资料:

强调句用法一览
　　强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：
1．用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：
　　He does know the place well．他的确很熟悉这个地方。
　　Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。
2．用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：
　　That's the very textbook we used last term．这正是我们上学期用过的教材。
　　You are the only person here who can speak Chinese．你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。
　　Not a single person has been in the shop this morning．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。
　　How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？
3．用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有－l y的副词来进行强调：
Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？
　　He never said a word the whole day．一整天，他一句话也没说。
　　You've got to be very，very careful．你一定得非常、非常小心。
　　This is just what I wanted．这正是我所要的。
　　He was badly wounded．他伤得很严重。
　　I really don't know what to do next．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。
4．用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：
　　Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？
　　What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？
　　Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？
5．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：
How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！
　 Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！
6．用重复来表示强调：
　　Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。
　　They walked for miles and miles．他们走了好多英里。
7．用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：
　　On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点）
　　Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。
　 Only in this way，can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。
8．用强调句型：“It is（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿：
　　It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切发生在周一晚上。
　　It's me that he blamed．他怪的是我。
9．用If来表示强调：
　　1）If从句＋I don't know who／what，etc．does／is／has，etc．；
主语部分也可以用nobody does／is／has，etc．或everybody does／is／has，et c．来代替（这里的if 从句往往是正话反说，反话正说）：
　　If he can't do it，I don't know who can．要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。（强调只有他能做）
　　If Jim is a coward，everybody is．要是吉姆是个胆小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。（强调吉姆不是胆小鬼）
　　2）if从句＋it be主句（此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形，即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中）：
　　If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom．如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。
　　If there is one thing he loves，it is money．如果说世界上还有他爱的东西，那便是金钱。
10．用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气：　　It's because of hard work—ten years of hard work．那是因为艰苦的工作--十年艰苦的工作！
　　He began the work in late May．他在五月底开始的这项工作。（强调时间）

第7题补充:
A site had to be found for it.
主动语态：They had to find a site for it.
It is necessary for them to find a site for it.
It is necessary for a site to be found for it.

It is a good idea for you to give her the book.
It is a good idea for the book to be given to her.

My suggestion is for you to go to Beijing.
I have a lot of work for you to do.
It will be a mistake for you to miss the chance.
It is a pity for there to be any disagreement in the family.家庭不和实为憾事。

I have a lot of work to do.
I have a lot of work to be done.

It is kind of you to lend me so much money.
You are kind to lend me so much money.

第九题补充：

高考辨析
一、强调程度时
　　当用于形容词或副词前，强调程度(通常译为“特别”)时，三者都可用。如：
　　It is particularly [especially, specially] cold today. 今天特别冷。
　　I was feeling particularly [especially, specially] tired this evening. 今天晚上我特别累。
　　有时还可修饰动词。如：
　　I especially [particularly, specially] want to see that film. 我特别想看那部电影。
二、强调目的时
　　当用于强调目的(意为“特意”、“专门”)时，通常用 specially 或 especially，一般与表目的的不定式或介词 for 短语连用。如：
　　I was asked specially to meet her. 特意要我去接她。
　　We bought it specially [especially] for you. 这是我们特意为你买的。
　　The book is written especially [specially] for children. 这本书是专门为孩子们写的。
三、表示列举时
　　当用于陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子作进一步强调时，一般用 especially，有时也用 particularly，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。如：
　　We want to invite some friends, especially Jim and John. 我们想邀请几个朋友，尤其是吉姆和约翰。
　　Noise is unpleasant, especially when you’re trying to sleep. 噪音是令人不愉快的，尤其是当你想入睡的时候。
The children enjoyed watching the animals, especially [particularly] the monkeys. 孩子们喜欢观看动物，尤其是猴子。

【变式题l】I‘m sorry you don't like the skirt．_______because he bought it ______for you．
A．specially：specially B．especially：specially
C．particularly：especially D．specially：especially

选（B）

第十题补充：
a plot of land:一块地
site:场地
property:  ['prɒpətɪ]
特性，属性； 财产，地产； [戏]道具； 所有权

estate:  [ɪˈsteɪt] n.财产，遗产，房地产； 个人财产； 不动产权

第十一题补充：
put off:推迟；敷衍； 使分心； 延期； 脱去（衣、帽等）
put over:推迟，耽搁，把….运过去
put in:插入，加进
put up:建造，盖起

The appointment was put off because of his illness.
由于他生病而推迟了约会。
The meeting will be put off in case it (should) rain.
若遇下雨，会议延期举行。
 I'm not going to be put off with that excuse.
我不会被那个借口敷衍过去的。
Please put off all the lights as you leave the building.
离开这所房子时，请你把所有的灯都关上。
来自《简明英汉词典》
Please put off your shoes before entering this holy building.
在进入这所神圣的殿堂之前，请把鞋脱掉。

第十二题补充：
replace:替换，取代
stand for:代表，象征
is a representative of:是…..的代表
is an agent for:是…的代理人

表示人的心理感受的动词的现在分词与过去分词
（一）表示人的心理感受的动词，如：please, delight, satisfy, inspire, encourage, excite, interest, move, frighten, surprise, astonish, puzzle, disappoint, discourage, tire等词，其动词含义为“让人……”
（二）这些词的-ing和-ed均可视为形容词。
1．-ing“让人……的”一般修饰物；-ed“……的”一般说明人。
例：We are interested in these interesting books.
2．当修饰人的表情、眼神、眼泪、声音时要用-ed形式。
例．Her frightened face showed us what had happened to her family.

Hearing the encouraging news, the students gave out excited shouts.

11