初中therebe句型专项讲解与练习.doc

there be句型专项讲解与练习
初中there be 句型专项讲解与练习

一：there be 句型基本认识
1、 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.
注意事项：  there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：
① There is a bird in the tree.   树上有一只鸟。
 ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
 ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。

二： there be 句型的常考点
考点一：各种句型转化
1：变成否定
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n.= no+ n.。例如：
There are some pictures on the wall.
→There aren't any pictures on the wall. = There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree.
→ There isn't a bike behind the tree. = There is no bike behind the tree.

2：变成一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。
There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water. → Are there any fish in the water?

3：特殊疑问句
对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式 (回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：
There are many things over there. → What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room. → Who is in the room?

对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。如：
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
对数量提问：般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？
考点二：there be 句型的时态。
be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be, there can’t be, there used to be等。 如：
---There ______ a concert this evening.
      ---Yeah. Exciting news!
        A. are going to be    B. is going to be    C. is going to have    D. will have

考点三：there be 句型反意疑问句的构成：be (not) there? 如：
There is some milk in the bottle, ____ ?                  
A．isn't there     B．aren't there    C．isn't it    D．are there

考点四：there be 句型的主谓一致：
There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。如：
1.There ___ any rice in the bowl.                     
      A. are      B. is      C. isn’t     D. aren’t
2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.
      A. have been    B. were      C. are      D. is  

考点五：there be 句型用的其他动词：
there be中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be等。
如：There ____ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黄冈)
A. seems to be      B.  seem to be    C. is seeming to be  D. are
剖析：根据就近原则，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live, lie, seem to be等，所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时，故C也不正确。

注意事项：there be 句型与have句型的区别
(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。 如：
He has two sons.   他有两个儿子。
There are two men in the office.    办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。如：
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.  一个星期有七天。
There be 句型专项练习(1)
一、单项选择
1．There _____ a clock on the table.
A. is          B. are
2.______ there a radio on your desk?
A.  are       B. is
3. ____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______.
      A. are / is      B. is / are     C. is / is     D. are /are
4. There _____ some students in the classroom.
   A. are         B. is
5. There _____ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table.
      A. is          B. are
6. There _____ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table.
      A. is         B. are
7. Are there _____ pictures on the wall? No, there aren't ______ .
      A. any / any   B. some / any    C. some / some   
8. There isn't a book in his hand. There is _____ book in his hand.
      A. no         B. not
9. There is a tree ____ the playground.
      A. on         B. near
10. -- Are there _____ shops near here?
   -- No, there are _____ shops near here.
    A. some, not    B. some, any    C. any, not    D. any, no
11. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?   
　     A. Is there     B. Are there     C. Has      D. Have
12. ____ is there on the table?     
　     A. How many apples      B. How much bread
　     C. How much breads      D. How many food
13. There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me?  
　     A. any     B. some    C. a    D. an
14. How many ____ are there in your classroom?   
　     A. desks    B. desk    C. chair     D. door
15. There ____ something wrong with our classroom. 
　     A. are     B. has    C. is      D. have
16. There is some ____ on the table.   
　     A. apple   B. orange   C. cake    D. sandwich
17. How many ___ are there in the room ?   
      A. apple     B. students    C. milk      D. paper
18. There is little water in the glass, ____ ?                  
　    A. isn't there   B. isn't it    C. is it   D. is there
19. ----There is no air or water on the moon. Is there?            
　 ---- ____.
A. Yes, there are    B. No, there isn't C. Yes, there isn't   D. No, there is
二、将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。
1.There is some water in the bottle.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

2. There are many apples in the box.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

三、对句子划线部分提问。
1.There are seven days in a week.
____________________________________________________

2. There are lots of books in our library.
____________________________________________________

3.There is a knife over there.
____________________________________________________

4.There is a little milk in the glass.
____________________________________________________

四、翻译练习：
1．今晚没有会。
____________________________________________________
２．这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。
____________________________________________________
３．客人当中有两名美国人和一名中国人。
____________________________________________________

练习：用 few; a few; little; a little; 填空
1. There’s still ________ ink in the bottle.
2. The old man has ________ money with him, only one yuan.
3. My father has ________ words. He is always very quiet.
4. ________ of us go to Shanghai every year. So we don't know much about it.
5. There will be a _______ rain tomorrow. (little/few)
6. We have ______ time . Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
7. There is ______ eggs in the fridge, so we must buy some.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
8. I have_____books and he ___ _____ ink, so you can use ours.
A.a little; have;a few B.a little; has;few C.a few;has;a little D.few; has;little
总结：Little, a little, few, a few用法区别
a few / a little 肯定含义，还有一点
few / little　 否定含义，没有多少了。（口诀：有a就有一点点，没a一点也没有）
Few/a few+可数名词复数 Little/a little+不可数名词　
Eg: He has a few friends in Guangzhou.在广州他有几个朋友。
He has few friends in Beijing.在北京他几乎没有朋友。
We still have a little time to have a rest.
There is little time. I must go.
There be句型专项练习(2)
一、Fill in the blank with have,has or there be
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.

二、用be动词填空
1. There ______a post office near here. 
2. There _____some water in the glass. 
3. There______some pictures on the wall. 
4. There_______a pen and three pencils in the pencil case. 
5. There_____some books and a dictionary on the desk. Exercise

三、句型转换: 
1. There is a library across from the school.(改为否定句) 
_______ ______a library across from the school. 
2. There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句) 
_______  ______  ______ birds in the tree? 
3. Is there a baseball under the chair？(作肯定回答) Yes,__________. 
4. Are there any trees around your house? No,___________.

四、 单项选择
1. There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table .
A. are, many    B. are , much    C. is ,many      D. is ,much
2.How many ___ are there in the room ?   
      A. apple     B. students    C. milk      D. paper
3.How many boys ____ there in Class one?   
　      A. be     B. is    C. are     D. am
4.There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.    
　      A. is     B. are   C. was   D. were
5.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.    
　      A. is a    B. are some    C. has a    D. have some
6.There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them.  
　      A. are    B. is    C. has    D. have
7. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street?          
　      A．Is there   B．Are there   C．Has   D．Have
8. There ____ great changes in our country since 1982.        
　     A. have been   B. were   C. has been   D. are
9. There is little water in the glass, ____ ?                  
　     A. isn't there   B. isn't it    C. is it   D. is there
10. ----There is no air or water on the moon. Is there?            
　　   ---- ____.
A. Yes, there are    B. No, there isn't
C. Yes, there isn't   D. No, there is
11.----What did you see in the basket then ?
　     ----There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.   
　     A. is     B. are     C. was     D. were
12. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?   
　     A. Is there     B. Are there     C. Has      D. Have
13. ____ is there on the table?     
　     A. How many apples      B. How much bread
　     C. How much breads      D. How many food
14. There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me?  
　     A. any     B. some    C. a    D. an
15. How many ____ are there in your classroom?   
　     A. desks    B. desk    C. chair     D. door
16. There ____ something wrong with our classroom. 
　     A. are     B. has    C. is      D. have

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