一般过去时讲解与练习.doc

一般过去时一般过去时（simple past tense) 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；主语在过去所具备的能力和性格等。一、一般过去时的形式1be动词的一般过去时态的形式有两种，即was, were。 amBe is was ：主语是第一、第三人称单数 are were：主语是复数，第二人称单、复数2助动词、情态动词、行为动词的一般过去时态的形式没有人称和数的变化。二、一般过去时的用法1. 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态这种情况常与“just now刚才，yesterday昨天，last year去年，in 1999在1999年，two days ago两天之前”等表示过去的时间状语连用。She suddenly fell ill yesterday.78 她昨天突然病倒了。We didnt have classes last week. 上周我们没有上课。 一般过去时亦可与“today今天，this week这周，this month这个月，this year今年”等表示现阶段时间状语连用。如：Did you meet him today? 今天你看见他了吗？ 2. 表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和“often经常，always总是，once a week一周一次”等表示频度的时间状语连用。I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school. 我上学时每周去看一场电影。When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，也可以用would+动词原形或用used to加动词原形：When he was young, he would go skating every winter. 他年轻时每年冬天都要去滑冰。Mrs Smith used to have a big house in down town. 史密斯夫人在城里曾经有一座大房子。3. 在条件、时间状语从句中代替一般过去将来时 He said he would let me know as soon as he got there. 他说只要他一到达那儿就马上让我知道。 He said he would not go if it rained. 他说如果下雨他就不去。 4. 用于虚拟语气 If only I were a bird. 要是我是只鸟儿就好了。（表示不可能） Did you wish to see me? 你是找我吗？（表示委婉） 三、一般过去时的时间状语1由副词yesterday或由yesterday开头构成的短语：yesterday morning/ afternoon等。如：Where did you go yesterday? 昨天你去哪儿了？2由“last+表时间的名词”构成的短语：last week, last year等。如：I received two letters from my home last month. 上个月我收到两封家信。3由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, an hour ago等。如：They left two hours ago. 他们两小时以前离开了。4由“介词+时间名词”构成的短语：in 1998, on Monday, on April 12等。如：Napoleon did in 1821. 拿破仑死于1821年。 5其它词或词组：then, just now等。如：The scientists lived in China then. 当时这些科学家住在中国。动词变化规则动词一般过去时的变化规则： 1直接+ed： workworked looklooked playplayed, 2以不发音的e结尾，直接+d： livelived hopehoped useused, 3以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+ed： studystudied carrycarried worryworried, 4以元音字母+y结尾，直接+ed： enjoyenjoyed playplayed 5以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stopstopped planplanned 6不规则变化：is/amwas arewere beginbegan blowblew bringbrought一般过去时的句子结构：陈述句： 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例：I was 11 years old last year. He swam at school yesterday.否定句： was/were + not 例：I wasnt 11 years old last year.didnt + 行为动词原形 He didnt swim at school yesterday.一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？例：Were you 11 years old last year?Did + 主语 + 行为动词原形 + 其他？Did he swim at school yesterday?一般过去时的口诀:一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单，didnt 站在动原前，其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记！一般过去时态的“三变”技巧一变：肯定句变为否定句 【技巧1】句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如： I could get you a concert ticket. I could not / couldnt get you a concert ticket. 【技巧2】句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如： I was at home when you called me. I was not / wasnt at home when you called me. 【技巧3】句中谓语是行为动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didnt，动词原形，构成否定句。例如： The singer sang some Chinese songs. The singer did not / didnt sing any Chinese songs. 二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句 【技巧1】移结构动词至句首，was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。例如： He could pack his things himself. Could he pack his things himself? 【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词以外的实意动词时，在主语之前加did，实意动词还原。例如： Mr Li looked very old. Did Mr Li look very old? 三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句 【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，方式 how，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。例如： They gave the concert last night. When did they give the concert? 【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did + 主语 + .? 例如： The accident happened near the station. Where did the accident happen 例题解析：1 Mr. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago. A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 解析：几分钟前发生的动作， 应该用一般过去时。应选 A， 2 -Hi,Tom. -Hello,Fancy. I _ you were here. A. dont know B. wont think C.think D. didnt know 解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语， 但是可以通过上下文语境判断出， 我说这话之前不知道，但是现在知道了，表示过去的动作，要用过去时态。所以选D。 3He promised to tell me by himself when I _. A. come B. would come C. came D. had come 解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。 小学常用不规则动词过去式原形 过去式 中文am/is was 是（表示存在、状态等）are were 是（表示存在、状态等）become became 成为；变成begin began 开始break broke 打破bring brought 拿来；取来；带来build built 构筑；建造；建筑buy bought 购买；买can could 可以；能；可能；会catch caught 赶上（车船等）；捕获come came 来；来到cut cut 切；割；削；剪do/does did 做；干；行动draw drew 画drink drank 喝；饮drive drove 开车；驾驶eat ate 吃feel felt 感到；觉得find found 寻找；查找fly flew 飞行forget forgot 忘记；忘却get got 变得give gave 给；授予go went 去have/has had 得（病）；患（病）；有；吃；饮hear heard 听见；听说hide hid 隐藏is was 是（表示存在、状态等）keep kept 保持；使保持某种状态know knew 知道；了解leave left 离去；出发let let 允许；让lose lost 失去；丧失make made 使；促使；迫使；做；制作may might 可能；可以mean meant 表示的意思；作的解释meet met 遇见；相逢put put 放；摆；装read read /e/ 读；阅读ride rode 骑ring rang （铃）响rise rose 上升run ran 跑；奔跑say said /e/ 说；讲see saw 看见send sent 发送；寄；派；遣set set 放, 置show showed 出示；给看shut shut 关上（门、盖、窗户等）sing sang 唱；唱歌sit sat 坐sleep slept 睡；睡觉speak spoke 说；说话swim swam 游泳take took 搭乘；花费（时间）；拿走；带到teach taught 教；讲授tell told 告诉；讲述think thought 想；思考will would 将要win won 赢；获胜write wrote 书写一般过去时练习题一、单项选择： (10)( )1 My fatherill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent( )2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were( )3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was( )4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after ( )5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt ( )6. I cleaned my classroom _. A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before( ) 7. I came _ my house two days ago . A back on B back to C to back D back( ) 8 . _? He did some reading at home. A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday( ) 9. What did you do _ ? I went to the movies. A next morning B over the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday( ) 10. The koala sleeps _，but gets up _. A during the day; at the evening B at day ;during night C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night二、请用动词的正确形式填空。(10)1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _.3. What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book.4. They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.5. She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning.6. When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it last year.7. My friend, Carol, _(study) for the math test and _(practice) English last night.8. _ Mr. Li _(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _.9. How _(be) Jims weekend? It _(be not) bad.10. _ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she _.三、翻译下列句子。(20)1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 I _ _ _ _ exciting weekend.2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 Jenny likes _ _. She _ an English book last night.3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 Emma_ TV every day. But he _ _ _ yesterday.4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。 What _ they _ _ Saturday? They _ _ homework and _ _.5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。 This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday. 6. 你还有什么要说的？ What _ would you like _ _? 7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher. 8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？ Why _ you _ TV last night? 9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。 When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground. 10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。 -When _ he _? - _ 1980. 四、改写句子：(20)1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句) _ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _ _ _ out for a walk? 6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas_ _RMB 10 on this book. 7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） _ _ _ family _ last week? 8. I think she is Lilys sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）_ 9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句） Sally _ often _ some reading in the morning. 10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _ _ he _ _? 五、 改错题(20) 1How is Jane yesterday? _ 2He go to school by bus last week. _ 3He often goes home at 6:00 last month. _ 4I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5Did you saw him just now. _ 6Tom wasnt watch TV last night. _ 7I didnt my homework yesterday. _ 8He wait for you three hours ago. _ 9Who find it just now ? _10. What make him cry just now? _六、完形填空(10) Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after schoolAnd his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Toms homework and saw that he got all his answers rightHe was very 4 and surprised（惊奇）The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him，“You got all your homework right this timeDid your father help you？”Sometimes Toms father helped him with his homework， 7 this time he didnt help Tom because he 8 at homeSo Tom answered，“NO，SirHe Was busy last night，so I 9 to do it 10 ” （ ）1Aothers Banother Cthe other Dother （ ）2Amade Bfound Clooked at Dlooked （ ）3Alaughed Bknocked Clooked Dsaw （ ）4Aplease Bpleased Cpleasure Dsad （ ）5Ato Bfor Cin Dat （ ）6Atalked Basked Cspoke Dsaid （ ）7Aand Bbut Cso Dor （ ）8Aisnt Bwont be Cwasnt Dcant be （ ）9Awanted Bmustnt Cliked Dhad （ ）10Aitself Bof them Cmyself Dhimself七写作(10)。 日记一则，字数50-60。 记叙一天的活动： 1早晨起床，吃饭，上学； 2上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述； 3午休的活动； 4下午的课程及作业； 5. 晚上的安排。 答案：一、单项选择：1-5 CDBAB 6-10 BBCBD二、1.had 2. Did; practice; didnt3.did; do; watched; read 4.went 5.didnt visit; stayed; did6.did write; wrote 7.studied; practiced 8. Did; do;did 9.was; wasnt 10. Was; wasnt三、1.spent a busy but 2.reading books; read3.watches; didnt watch TV 4.did; do last; did their; went shopping5.had to cook breakfast; wasnt at home 6.else; to say; 7.to say goodbye to8.did; watch 9.cleaned; found 10.was; born; In四、1.didnt do 2. Did; find any 3. Was; any4. Did; read 5. Why dont you go 6.didnt spend7.where did your; go 8. I dont think she is Lilys sister9.doesnt; do. 10. What does; look like五、1.is-was 2.go-went 3.goes-went4.can-could 5.saw-see 6.wasnt -didnt7.在didnt后加do 8.wait-waited 9.find-found 10.make-made六、1-5 DBCBA 6-10 DBCDC赞同