一般过去时讲解与练习.doc

一般过去时
一般过去时（simple past tense) 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；主语在过去所具备的能力和性格等。
一、一般过去时的形式
1．be动词的一般过去时态的形式有两种，即was, were。
am
Be is was ：主语是第一、第三人称单数
are were：主语是复数，第二人称单、复数
2．助动词、情态动词、行为动词的一般过去时态的形式没有人称和数的变化。
二、一般过去时的用法
1. 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态
这种情况常与“just now刚才，yesterday昨天，last year去年，in 1999在1999年，two days ago两天之前”等表示过去的时间状语连用。
She suddenly fell ill yesterday.78 她昨天突然病倒了。
We didn't have classes last week. 上周我们没有上课。
• 一般过去时亦可与“today今天，this week这周，this month这个月，this year今年”等表示现阶段时间状语连用。如：
Did you meet him today? 今天你看见他了吗？
2. 表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作
一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和“often经常，always总是，once a week一周一次”等表示频度的时间状语连用。
I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school. 我上学时每周去看一场电影。
When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。
• 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作，也可以用would+动词原形或用used to加动词原形：
When he was young, he would go skating every winter. 他年轻时每年冬天都要去滑冰。
Mrs Smith used to have a big house in down town. 史密斯夫人在城里曾经有一座大房子。
3. 在条件、时间状语从句中代替一般过去将来时
He said he would let me know as soon as he got there. 他说只要他一到达那儿就马上让我知道。
He said he would not go if it rained. 他说如果下雨他就不去。
4. 用于虚拟语气
If only I were a bird. 要是我是只鸟儿就好了。（表示不可能）
Did you wish to see me? 你是找我吗？（表示委婉）
三、一般过去时的时间状语
1．由副词yesterday或由yesterday开头构成的短语：yesterday morning/ afternoon等。
如：Where did you go yesterday? 昨天你去哪儿了？
2．由“last+表时间的名词”构成的短语：last week, last year等。
如：I received two letters from my home last month. 上个月我收到两封家信。
3．由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, an hour ago等。
如：They left two hours ago. 他们两小时以前离开了。
4．由“介词+时间名词”构成的短语：in 1998, on Monday, on April 12等。
如：Napoleon did in 1821. 拿破仑死于1821年。
5．其它词或词组：then, just now等。
如：The scientists lived in China then. 当时这些科学家住在中国。
动词变化规则
动词一般过去时的变化规则：
　　1．直接+ed： work—worked look—looked play—played,
　　2．以不发音的e结尾，直接+d： live—lived hope—hoped use—used,
　　3．以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+ed： study—studied carry—carried worry—worried,
　　4．以元音字母+y结尾，直接+ed： enjoy—enjoyed play—played
　　5．以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop—stopped plan—planned
　 6．不规则变化：is/am—was are—were begin—began blow—blew bring—brought
一般过去时的句子结构：
　陈述句： 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例：I was 11 years old last year.
He swam at school yesterday.
　否定句： ①was/were + not 例：I wasn’t 11 years old last year.
②didn't + 行为动词原形 He didn’t swim at school yesterday.
　一般疑问句： ①Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ 例：Were you 11 years old last year?
②Did + 主语 + 行为动词原形 + 其他？ Did he swim at school yesterday?

一般过去时的口诀:
　　一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。
　　动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。
　　否定句很简单，didn't 站在动原前，其它部分不要变。
　　一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。
　　特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记！
一般过去时态的“三变”技巧
　　一变：肯定句变为否定句
　　【技巧1】句中含有情态动词或助动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。
例如： I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket.
　　【技巧2】句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。
例如： I was at home when you called me. → I was not / wasn't at home when you called me.
　　【技巧3】句中谓语是行为动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didn't，动词原形，构成否定句。
例如： The singer sang some Chinese songs. → The singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.

　　二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句
　　【技巧1】移结构动词至句首，was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。
例如： He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself?
　　【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词以外的实意动词时，在主语之前加did，实意动词还原。
例如： Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old?
　　三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句
　　【技巧1】确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，方式 how，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等等。
例如： They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?
　　【技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did + 主语 + ...?
例如： The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen

例题解析：
1． Mr. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago.
　　A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
　　解析：几分钟前发生的动作， 应该用一般过去时。应选 A，
2． ---Hi,Tom.
　　---Hello,Fancy. I ______ you were here.
A. don't know B. won't think C.think D. didn't know
　　解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语， 但是可以通过上下文语境判断出， 我说这话之前不知道，但是现在知道了，表示过去的动作，要用过去时态。所以选D。
3．He promised to tell me by himself when I ______.
　　A. come B. would come C. came D. had come
解析：在时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来。应选C。

小学常用不规则动词过去式

原形 过去式 中文
am/is was 是（表示存在、状态等）
are were 是（表示存在、状态等）
become became 成为；变成
begin began 开始
break broke 打破
bring brought 拿来；取来；带来
build built 构筑；建造；建筑
buy bought 购买；买
can could 可以；能；可能；会
catch caught 赶上（车船等）；捕获
come came 来；来到
cut cut 切；割；削；剪
do/does did 做；干；行动
draw drew 画
drink drank 喝；饮
drive drove 开车；驾驶
eat ate 吃
feel felt 感到；觉得
find found 寻找；查找
fly flew 飞行
forget forgot 忘记；忘却
get got 变得
give gave 给；授予
go went 去
have/has had 得（病）；患（病）；有；吃；饮
hear heard 听见；听说
hide hid 隐藏
is was 是（表示存在、状态等）
keep kept 保持；使保持某种状态
know knew 知道；了解
leave left 离去；出发
let let 允许；让
lose lost 失去；丧失
make made 使；促使；迫使；做；制作
may might 可能；可以
mean meant 表示……的意思；作……的解释
meet met 遇见；相逢
put put 放；摆；装
read read /e/ 读；阅读
ride rode 骑
ring rang （铃）响
rise rose 上升
run ran 跑；奔跑
say said /e/ 说；讲
see saw 看见
send sent 发送；寄；派；遣
set set 放, 置
show showed 出示；给……看
shut shut 关上（门、盖、窗户等）
sing sang 唱；唱歌
sit sat 坐
sleep slept 睡；睡觉
speak spoke 说；说话
swim swam 游泳
take took 搭乘；花费（时间）；拿走；带到
teach taught 教；讲授
tell told 告诉；讲述
think thought 想；思考
will would 将要
win won 赢；获胜
write wrote 书写

一般过去时练习题
一、单项选择： (10)
( )1． My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday．
A． isn't B． aren't C． wasn't D． weren't
( )2． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖
A． Is B． Was C． Are D． Were
( )3． The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year． They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now．
A． are; were B． were; are C． was; are D． were; was
( )4． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖
A． Was; before B． Is; before C． Was; after D． Is; after
( )5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖
—＿＿＿＿＿＿．
A． I am B． I was C． Yes, I was D． No, I wasn't
( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.
A with three hours B three hours ago
C in three hours D three hours before
( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .
A back on B back to C to back D back
( ) 8 . ___________? He did some reading at home.
A What does your father do yesterday evening
B What does your brother do in the school
C What did your brother do over the weekend
D Where did your brother go last Sunday
( ) 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies.
A next morning B over the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday
( ) 10. The koala sleeps _______，but gets up _________.
A during the day; at the evening B at day ;during night
C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night

二、请用动词的正确形式填空。(10)
1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday?
No, she _________.
3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?
He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.
4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.
She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.
6. When ________ you _________(write) this song?
I __________(write) it last year.
7. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.
8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning?
Yes, he _________.
9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend?
It _________(be not) bad.
10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.
三、翻译下列句子。(20)
1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.
2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.
3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma__________ TV every day. But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.
4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.
5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。
This morning Fangfang ____ ____ ____ ____ because his father _____ _____ ____ yesterday.
6. 你还有什么要说的？ What _______ would you like _______ _______?
7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Don’t forget ______ _______ _______ _______ the teacher.
8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？ Why _______ you _______ TV last night?
9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。
When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.
10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。 ---When _______ he _______? --- _______ 1980.

四、改写句子：(20)
1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.
2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)
___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?
3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_______ there _______ orange in the cup?
4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）
_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?
5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _______ ________ ________ out for a walk?
6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book.
7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问）
________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?
8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）____________________
9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句）
Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.
10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _______ _______ he _______ ________?

五、 改错题(20)
1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________
2．He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________
3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________
4．I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________
5．Did you saw him just now. ____________________________________
6．Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________
7．I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________
8．He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________
9．Who find it just now ? ________________________________________
10. What make him cry just now? __________________________________

六、完形填空(10)
Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school．And his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework．
Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Tom’s homework and saw that he got all his answers right．He was very 4 and surprised（惊奇）．The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him，“You got all your homework right this time．Did your father help you？”Sometimes Tom’s father helped him with his homework， 7 this time he didn’t help Tom because he 8 at home．So Tom answered，“NO，Sir．He Was busy last night，so I 9 to do it 10 ．”
（ ）1．A．others B．another C．the other D．other
（ ）2．A．made B．found C．looked at D．looked
（ ）3．A．laughed B．knocked C．looked D．saw
（ ）4．A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．sad
（ ）5．A．to B．for C．in D．at
（ ）6．A．talked B．asked C．spoke D．said
（ ）7．A．and B．but C．so D．or
（ ）8．A．isn’t B．won’t be C．wasn’t D．can’t be
（ ）9．A．wanted B．mustn’t C．liked D．had
（ ）10．A．itself B．of them C．myself D．himself

七．写作(10)。 日记一则，字数50---60。 记叙一天的活动：
1．早晨起床，吃饭，上学；
2．上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述；
3．午休的活动；
4．下午的课程及作业；
5. 晚上的安排。

答案：
一、单项选择：1---5 CDBAB 6----10 BBCBD
二、1.had 2. Did; practice; didn't
3.did; do; watched; read 4.went 5.didn't visit; stayed; did
6.did write; wrote 7.studied; practiced 8. Did; do;did
9.was; wasn't 10. Was; wasn't
三、1.spent a busy but 2.reading books; read
3.watches; didn't watch TV 4.did; do last; did their; went shopping
5.had to cook breakfast; wasn't at home 6.else; to say; 7.to say goodbye to
8.did; watch 9.cleaned; found 10.was; born; In
四、1.didn't do 2. Did; find any 3. Was; any
4. Did; read 5. Why don't you go 6.didn't spend
7.where did your; go 8. I don't think she is Lily's sister
9.doesn't; do. 10. What does; look like
五、1.is------was 2.go-------went 3.goes------went
4.can-------could 5.saw------see 6.wasn't -------didn't
7.在didn't后加do 8.wait--------waited 9.find------found
10.make-------made
六、1----5 DBCBA 6------10 DBCDC
赞同