中考语法思维导图之五定从.doc

定语形容词介词短语非谓语动词短语前置I have a good friend.后置I want to do something interesting.后置The boy in white is my friend.后置I dont have a house to live in.修饰名词或代词的成分常译为“的”句子后置I like students who like English.定语从句引导词特殊情况注意事项先行词是人，用who先行词非人，用which宾格whom用that不用which的条件用which不用that的条件无引导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，引导词可省略先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数由先行词决定one of+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用复数the (only) one of, the very/right+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用单数作定语的句子，即“的”可以作名词或代词的定语万能钥匙that引导词用that，不用which的条件先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰；先行词是不定代词all,everything,one等词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；先行词中既有人又有物；主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句；There be 句型中引导词用which，不用that的条件引导词前有介词，如：in which;on which;with whom先行词是that, those不用that的条件介词后用whom，which，不用that人主who关系代词引导词人宾whom物主/宾which人/物主/宾that人/物定whose=of whom人 =of which物时间状when=in which/ on which=at which关系副词地点状where=in which/ at which原因状why=for which近七年中考定语从句原题再现2006年42.The book he bought yesterday is very interesting. A.不填 B.why C.whenD.what2007年 41. Do you know the man _ is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom2008年36. This is the dictionary_Mun gave me for my birthday. A.which B.what C.whose D.whom2009年41. Sorry, we dont have the coat _ you need.A. what B. who C. whom D. which2010年43. There are lots of things_ I need to prepare before the trip.A. who B. that C. whom D. whose2011年43.The teachers_came for a visit are foreigners. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which2012年无定从引导词判定拓展：引导词（以先行词在定从中所作成分为准）(1)先行词在定从中作主/宾的判定标准：引导词后是动词，则作主语；否则作宾语 The book he bought yesterday is very interesting. A.不填 B.why C.whenD.whatDo you know the man _ is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom(2)先行词在定从中充当定语的判定标准：引导词的位置译为“的”I live in a house _ window is small. A.which B.who C.whom D.whose(3)先行词在定从中充当状语的判定标准：先行词放入定从中，缺少介词连接。Is this the river where I can swim?I love the place where I was born. This is the school which/that I visited yesterday.Ill never forget the day when we won the first prize.Ill never forget the day that/which we spent together.I want to know the reason why you were late yesterday. 典型例题：(1)Is this factory the one that you visited yesterday? A.the one what B.which C.one which D.the one that(2)I like music that I can dance to.先行词在定从中作宾语,要保持定从与先行词连接完整性拓展练习题1. Id like a room _ window looks out over the sea.2. July and August are the months _the weather is hot.3. Shes going home _ she can rest.4. Do you know the reason _ I left early? 5. He is the man _ car was stolen.6. The girl _ father is a doctor comes from Shanghai.7. 1994 was the year _ he was born.8. This is the village _ he was born9. Thats the hotel _ we were staying last year.10. Give me one reason _ we should help you.5