matlab常用函数列表.doc

matlab常用函数列表 作者： 日期：2 个人收集整理 勿做商业用途附录 MATLAB图像处理工具箱函数 点击网上赚钱网表1 通用函数函数功能语法colorbar显示颜色条colorbarcolorbar(。.,peer,axes_handle)colorbar（axes_handle)colorbar(location）colorbar（.，PropertyName,propertyvalue)cbar_axes = colorbar(.。.）getimage从坐标轴取得图像数据A = getimage（h）x,y,A = getimage(h).，A，flag = getimage(h).。 = getimageimage创建并显示图像对象image（C）image（x,y,C)image（.。，PropertyName,PropertyValue，。.)image（PropertyName，PropertyValue，.) Formal syntax - PN/PV onlyhandle = image（。.)imagesc按图像显示数据矩阵imagesc（C）imagesc（x，y，C)imagesc（.。,clims）h = imagesc（.。）imshow显示图像imshow(I，n)imshow（I，low high)imshow(BW）imshow（X，map）imshow(RGB)imshow(，display_option）imshow(x,y,A,)imshow filenameh = imshow（）imview利用图像浏览器显示图像imview(I）imview(RGB)imview(X,map)imview（I，range）imview(filename）imview(。,InitialMagnification,initial_mag）h = imview（。.）imview close allmontage在矩形框中同时显示多帧图像montage（I）montage（BW）montage（X，map)montage（RGB)h = montage(.。.）immovie创建多帧索引色图像的电影动画mov = immovie(X，map)mov = immovie（RGB）subimage在一个图形中显示多个图像，结合函数subplot使用subimage（X，map）subimage(I)subimage（BW)subimage(RGB）subimage(x，y,.。)h = subimage（.。）truesize调整图像显示尺寸truesize（fig，mrows mcols）truesize（fig)wrap将图像显示到纹理映射表面warp(X，map）warp（I，n）warp(BW）warp（RGB)warp(z,.。）warp(x，y，z，。.)h = warp（.）zoom缩放图像或图形zoom on zoom offzoom outzoom resetzoomzoom xonzoom yonzoom(factor)zoom（fig, option）表2 图像文件I/O函数函数功能语法imfinfo返回图像文件信息info = imfinfo（filename,fmt)info = imfinfo(filename)imread从图像文件中读取图像A = imread（filename,fmt）X,map = imread(filename，fmt）。.。 = imread(filename）. = imread(URL，。.)。. = imread（.。,idx） (CUR, GIF， ICO, and TIFF only）。.。 = imread（。.。， PixelRegion, ROWS, COLS ） (TIFF only）。 = imread（。，frames，idx) (GIF only).。 = imread(.。,ref） (HDF only）。. = imread（.。.，BackgroundColor,BG） (PNG only）A,map，alpha = imread（.。） (ICO， CUR， and PNG only）imwrite把图像写入图像文件中imwrite(A,filename，fmt）imwrite（X，map，filename,fmt）imwrite（。.，filename）imwrite（。.。，Param1,Val1，Param2,Val2.）表3 空间变换函数函数功能语法findbounds为空间变换寻找输出边界outbounds = findbounds（TFORM,inbounds）fliptform切换空间变换结构的输入和输出角色TFLIP = fliptform（T）imcrop剪切图像I2 = imcrop（I)X2 = imcrop(X,map)RGB2 = imcrop（RGB）I2 = imcrop(I，rect)X2 = imcrop(X,map，rect）RGB2 = imcrop(RGB,rect）。.。 = imcrop(x，y,。.。）A,rect = imcrop(。.)x,y，A,rect = imcrop（。)imresize图像缩放B = imresize(A,m）B = imresize（A，m,method）B = imresize（A,mrows ncols，method)B = imresize（。.，method，n）B = imresize(。，method，h）imrotate图像旋转B = imrotate（A,angle）B = imrotate（A,angle，method)B = imrotate(A，angle,method,bbox）interp22-D数据插值ZI = interp2（X,Y,Z,XI，YI)ZI = interp2（Z，XI，YI）ZI = interp2(Z,ntimes）ZI = interp2（X，Y,Z，XI，YI，method)imtransform对图像进行2D空间变换B = imtransform(A,TFORM）B = imtransform(A，TFORM,INTERP)B，XDATA,YDATA = imtransform（。)B,XDATA，YDATA = imtransform(。.， param1， val1, param2, val2，。)makeresampler生成重采样结构R = makeresampler(interpolant，padmethod)maketform生成几何变换结构T = maketform（transformtype，。.)tformarray多维数组的空间变换B = tformarray（A, T， R， TDIMS_A， TDIMS_B, TSIZE_B, TMAP_B，F）tformfwd正向空间变换X，Y = tformfwd(T,U,V)X1，X2,X3,。. = tformfwd(T,U1，U2,U3，。.）X = tformfwd(T，U）X1，X2,X3,。. = tformfwd(T,U)X = tformfwd(T,U1，U2,U3,.。)tforminv逆向空间变换U = tforminv（X,T）表4 像素和统计处理函数函数功能语法corr2计算两个矩阵的2D相关系数r = corr2(A,B）imcontour创建图像的轮廓图imcontour(I）imcontour（I,n）imcontour（I，v）imcontour（x，y，。.)imcontour（.。，LineSpec)C,h = imcontour(。）imhist显示图像的直方图imhist(I,n）imhist(X,map）counts，x = imhist(。)impixel确定像素颜色值P = impixel（I）P = impixel（X，map)P = impixel（RGB）P = impixel(I，c，r)P = impixel（X，map,c，r)P = impixel(RGB,c，r）c，r,P = impixel(.)P = impixel(x,y,I,xi，yi)P = impixel(x,y，X,map,xi,yi)P = impixel（x,y，RGB,xi,yi）xi，yi,P = impixel(x,y，。.)improfile沿线段计算剖面图的像素值c = improfilec = improfile（n）c = improfile(I，xi，yi)c = improfile(I，xi,yi,n）cx，cy，c = improfile（.。.）cx，cy，c，xi,yi = improfile（.。).。 = improfile(x，y,I，xi,yi). = improfile(x，y,I，xi，yi,n）。 = improfile(。,method)mean2求矩阵元素平均值B = mean2(A）pixval显示图像像素信息pixval onpixval offpixvalpixval（fig,option）pixval(ax,option）pixval（H，option）regionprops得到图像区域属性STATS = regionprops（L，properties)std2计算矩阵元素的标准偏移b = std2（A)表5 图像分析函数函数功能语法edge识别灰度图像中的边界BW = edge（I,sobel)BW = edge(I，sobel，thresh）BW = edge(I,sobel，thresh，direction）BW，thresh = edge（I，sobel，。.)BW = edge(I，prewitt）BW = edge(I,prewitt，thresh）BW = edge(I，prewitt，thresh，direction）BW,thresh = edge(I，prewitt,.。.）BW = edge（I，roberts)BW = edge(I，roberts，thresh)BW,thresh = edge（I，roberts，.)BW = edge（I，log)BW = edge(I，log,thresh）BW = edge(I,log，thresh，sigma)BW，threshold = edge(I,log,。）qtdecomp执行四叉树分解S = qtdecomp(I）S = qtdecomp(I，threshold)S = qtdecomp(I,threshold，mindim）S = qtdecomp（I,threshold，mindim maxdim）S = qtdecomp（I,fun)S = qtdecomp(I,fun,P1，P2,.)qtgetblk获取四叉树分解中的数组块值vals，r,c = qtgetblk(I，S，dim）vals，idx = qtgetblk(I，S，dim）qtsetblk设置四叉树分解中的数组块值J = qtsetblk(I,S,dim，vals)表6 图像增强函数函数功能语法adapthisteq执行对比度受限的直方图均衡J = adapthisteq(I)J = adapthisteq（I,param1，val1,param2,val2。）decorrstretch对多通道图像应用解卷积延拓S = decorrstretch（I)S = decorrstretch（I，TOL)histeq用直方图均等化增强对比度J = histeq（I，hgram)J = histeq(I,n)J，T = histeq(I，.)newmap = histeq（X,map，hgram）newmap = histeq(X,map）newmap，T = histeq（X,。.。)imadjust调整图像灰度值或颜色映射表J = imadjust(I)J = imadjust（I，low_in； high_in,low_out； high_out)J = imadjust(。.，gamma）newmap = imadjust(map, low_in high_in， low_out high_out, gamma）RGB2 = imadjust（RGB1,。.）imnoise向图像中加入噪声J = imnoise(I,type）J = imnoise(I,type，parameters）medfilt2进行二维中值滤波B = medfilt2（A,m n)B = medfilt2（A）B = medfilt2(A，indexed,.。）ordfilt2进行二维统计顺序滤波B = ordfilt2（A，order,domain）B = ordfilt2（A,order，domain，S)B = ordfilt2（。，padopt)stretchlim得到图像对比度延拓的灰度上下限LOW_HIGH = stretchlim(I，TOL)LOW_HIGH = stretchlim(RGB，TOL)wiener2进行二维适应性去噪滤波J = wiener2(I，m n,noise)J，noise = wiener2（I,m n）表7 线性滤波函数函数功能语法conv2二维卷积C = conv2（A，B)C = conv2(hcol,hrow，A）C = conv2（.。.，shape）convmtx2二维矩阵卷积T = convmtx2(H,m，n)T = convmtx2(H,m n）convnn维卷积C = convn(A，B)C = convn(A，B，shape）filter2二维线性滤波Y = filter2（h,X）Y = filter2（h，X，shape）fspecial创建预定义滤波器h = fspecial（type)h = fspecial(type,parameters）imfilter多维图像滤波B = imfilter(A,H)B = imfilter（A，H，option1，option2,.。）表8 线性二维滤波器设计函数函数功能语法freqspace确定二维频率响应的频率空间f1，f2 = freqspace（n)f1,f2 = freqspace（m n)x1,y1 = freqspace（.,meshgrid)f = freqspace(N)f = freqspace(N,whole）freqz2计算二维频率响应H,f1，f2 = freqz2(h,n1,n2）H，f1，f2 = freqz2(h,n2 n1）H,f1,f2 = freqz2(h）H,f1，f2 = freqz2(h，f1,f2）.。 = freqz2（h,.。,dx dy)。. = freqz2(h,.。，dx)freqz2(。)fsamp2用频率采样法设计二维FIR滤波器h = fsamp2（Hd）h = fsamp2（f1,f2，Hd，m n）ftrans2通过频率转换法设计二维FIR滤波器h = ftrans2（b,t）h = ftrans2(b)fwind1用一维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器h = fwind1（Hd，win)h = fwind1(Hd,win1，win2)h = fwind1（f1,f2,Hd,.。)fwind2用二维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器h = fwind2(Hd,win)h = fwind2（f1,f2,Hd,win）表9 图像变换函数函数功能语法dct2进行二维离散余弦变换B = dct2（A）B = dct2（A，m,n)B = dct2（A，m n)dctmtx计算离散余弦变换矩阵D = dctmtx（n）fft2进行二维快速傅立叶变换Y = fft2（X）Y = fft2（X，m，n）fftn进行n维快速傅立叶变换Y = fftn（X)Y = fftn（X,siz）fftshift转换快速傅立叶变换的输出象限Y = fftshift（X)Y = fftshift(X,dim）idct2计算二维逆离散余弦变换B = idct2（A)B = idct2(A，m，n)B = idct2(A，m n)ifft2计算二维逆快速傅立叶变换Y = ifft2（X)Y = ifft2（X，m,n）y = ifft2（.。, nonsymmetric）y = ifft2（。., nonsymmetric）ifftn计算n维逆快速傅立叶变换Y = ifftn（X）Y = ifftn(X,siz）y = ifftn（。， nonsymmetric）y = ifftn(。.， nonsymmetric）iradon逆Radon变换I = iradon(R，theta)I = iradon(R， theta, interp, filter， frequency_scaling， output_size)I，H = iradon（.)phantom产生一个头部幻影图像P = phantom（def,n)P = phantom（E,n）P,E = phantom（。)radon计算Radon变换R=radon（I，theta）R，xp=radon（）fanbeam计算扇形投影变换F = fanbeam(I，D)F = fanbeam（.。，param1,val1,param1，val2,。.。）F,sensor_positions，fan_rotation_angles = fanbeam(。.）表10 边沿和块处理函数函数功能语法bestblk确定进行块操作的块大小siz = bestblk（m n,k）mb，nb = bestblk（m n，k）blkproc实现图像的非重叠（distinct)块操作B = blkproc(A,m n，fun）B = blkproc(A,m n，fun,P1，P2，.。）B=blkproc(A，m n,mborder nborder, fun, 。）B = blkproc(A,indexed，.。.）col2im将矩阵的列重新组织到块中A = col2im（B,m n，mm nn， block_type)A = col2im（B,m n，mm nn）colfilt利用列相关函数进行边沿操作B = colfilt（A，m n,block_type，fun)B = colfilt(A，m n,block_type,fun，P1,P2,.。.)B = colfilt(A， m n, mblock nblock, block_type， fun,。.）B = colfilt(A,indexed,。.)im2col重调图像块为列B = im2col（A,m n,block_type)B = im2col（A，m n)B = im2col(A,indexed，。)nlfilter通用滑动邻域操作B = nlfilter（A,m n,fun）B = nlfilter(A,m n，fun,P1,P2，。.）B = nlfilter（A,indexed，。.。)表11 图像形态学操作函数函数功能语法applylut在二值图像中利用查找表进行邻域操作A = applylut(BW,LUT)bwarea计算二值图像的对象面积total = bwarea（BW)bweuler计算二值图像的欧拉数eul = bweuler(BW,n）bwhitmiss执行二值图像的击中和击不中操作BW2 = bwhitmiss(BW1，SE1，SE2)BW2 = bwhitmiss（BW1,INTERVAL)bwlabel标注二值图像中已连接的部分L = bwlabel（BW，n)L，num = bwlabel（BW,n）bwmorph二值图像的通用形态学操作BW2 = bwmorph(BW,operation)BW2 = bwmorph（BW，operation，n)bwperim计算二值图像中对象的周长BW2 = bwperim(BW1)BW2 = bwperim（BW1，CONN）bwselect在二值图像中选择对象BW2 = bwselect（BW，c,r，n）BW2 = bwselect（BW，n)BW2，idx = bwselect(.。）BW2 = bwselect（x,y，BW,xi,yi,n)x,y,BW2，idx,xi，yi = bwselect（。.)makelut创建用于applylut函数的查找表lut = makelut（fun,n）lut = makelut（fun，n，P1,P2，。.)bwdist距离变换D = bwdist(BW）D,L = bwdist(BW）D,L = bwdist（BW,METHOD)imbothat执行形态学的闭包运算IM2 = imbothat(IM，SE)IM2 = imbothat(IM，NHOOD)imclose图像的闭运算IM2 = imclose（IM,SE)IM2 = imclose（IM,NHOOD）imopen图像的开运算IM2 = imopen(IM，SE)IM2 = imopen（IM,NHOOD）imdilate图像的膨胀IM2 = imdilate（IM,SE)IM2 = imdilate(IM,NHOOD)IM2 = imdilate（IM,SE，PACKOPT）IM2 = imdilate(。.。,PADOPT)imerode图像的腐蚀IM2 = imerode(IM,SE）IM2 = imerode(IM，NHOOD）IM2 = imerode(IM，SE，PACKOPT，M）IM2 = imerode（.。，PADOPT)imfill填充图像区域BW2 = imfill(BW,locations)BW2 = imfill（BW，holes）I2 = imfill(I)BW2 = imfill(BW)BW2 locations = imfill（BW）BW2 = imfill(BW，locations,CONN）BW2 = imfill（BW,CONN,holes）I2 = imfill（I,CONN）imtophat用开运算后的图像减去原图像IM2 = imtophat(IM,SE）IM2 = imtophat（IM，NHOOD）strel创建形态学结构元素SE = strel（shape,parameters)表12 区域处理函数函数功能语法roicolor选择感兴趣的颜色区BW = roicolor(A,low，high）BW = roicolor（A，v)roifill在图像的任意区域中进行平滑插补J = roifill（I,c，r）J = roifill(I)J = roifill(I,BW）J，BW = roifill（。.)J = roifill（x，y,I,xi,yi)x,y,J，BW,xi,yi = roifill(。.)roifilt2滤波特定区域J = roifilt2(h，I，BW)J = roifilt2(I,BW，fun)J = roifilt2（I，BW，fun,P1,P2,.)roipoly选择一个感兴趣的多边形区域BW = roipoly(I,c，r）BW = roipoly(I）BW = roipoly（x,y，I,xi，yi)BW,xi，yi = roipoly(。.）x，y，BW，xi,yi = roipoly（.。.）表13 图像代数操作函数功能语法imadd加运算Z = imadd（X,Y)imsubtract减运算Z = imsubtract（X,Y)immultiply乘运算Z = immultiply（X，Y）imdivide除运算Z = imdivide(X,Y)表14 颜色空间转换函数函数功能语法hsv2rgb转换HSV的值为RGB颜色空间M = hsv2rgb(H)ntsc2rgb转换NTSC的值为RGB颜色空间rgbmap = ntsc2rgb（yiqmap）RGB = ntsc2rgb(YIQ)rgb2hsv转换RGB的值为HSV颜色空间cmap = rgb2hsv（M)rgb2ntsc转换RGB的值为NTSC颜色空间yiqmap = rgb2ntsc（rgbmap）YIQ = rgb2ntsc（RGB)rgb2ycbcr转换RGB的值为YCbCr颜色空间ycbcrmap = rgb2ycbcr（rgbmap)YCBCR = rgb2ycbcr（RGB）ycbcr2rgb转换YCbCr的值为RGB颜色空间rgbmap = ycbcr2rgb（ycbcrmap）RGB = ycbcr2rgb(YCBCR)表15 图像类型和类型转换函数函数功能语法dither通过抖动增加外观颜色分辨率,转换图像X = dither（RGB，map）BW = dither(I）gray2ind转换灰度图像为索引色图像X，map = gray2ind(I，n）X，map = gray2ind(BW，n)grayslice从灰度图像为索引色图像X = grayslice(I,n)X = grayslice(I,v)im2bw转换图像为二值图像BW = im2bw（I，level）BW = im2bw(X,map,level)BW = im2bw(RGB,level）im2double转换图像矩阵为双精度类型I2 = im2double（I)RGB2 = im2double(RGB)I = im2double（BW）X2 = im2double(X,indexed）double转换数据为双精度类型double（X）uint8转换数据为8位无符号整型I = uint8（X)im2uint8转换图像阵列为8位为无符号整型I2 = im2uint8(I）RGB2 = im2uint8（RGB)I = im2uint8(BW）X2 = im2uint8（X,indexed)im2uint16转换图像阵列为16位为无符号整型I2 = im2uint16(I)RGB2 = im2uint16（RGB）I = im2uint16(BW)X2 = im2uint16（X,indexed）uint16转换数据为16位无符号整型I = uint16(X)ind2gray转换索引色图像为灰度图像I = ind2gray(X，map）ind2rgb转换索引色图像为RGB图像RGB = ind2rgb（X，map)isbw判断是否为二值图像flag = isbw(A）isgray判断是否为灰度图像flag = isgray（A)isind判断是否为索引色图像flag = isind(A)isrgb判断是否为RGB图像flag = isrgb(A)mat2gray转换矩阵为灰度图像I = mat2gray（A，amin amax）I = mat2gray(A）rgb2gray转换RGB图像或颜色映射表为灰度图像I = rgb2gray（RGB）newmap = rgb2gray（map)rgb2ind转换RGB图像为索引色图像X，map = rgb2ind（RGB,tol）X，map = rgb2ind(RGB，n）X = rgb2ind（RGB，map)。.。 = rgb2ind（。.,dither_option）表A。16 图像复原函数函数功能语法deconvwnr用维纳滤波复原图像J = deconvwnr(I，PSF)J = deconvwnr(I,PSF,NSR）J = deconvwnr（I,PSF，NCORR,ICORR)deconvreg用最小约束二乘滤波复原图像J = deconvreg（I,PSF）J = deconvreg(I,PSF,NOISEPOWER）J = deconvreg（I, PSF, NOISEPOWER, LRANGE ）J = deconvreg(I, PSF, NOISEPOWER， LRANGE， REGOP）J, LAGRA = deconvreg(I，PSF，.。.)deconvlucy用RichardsonLucy滤波复原图像J = deconvlucy(I，PSF)J = deconvlucy(I，PSF，NUMIT）J = deconvlucy(I，PSF，NUMIT,DAMPAR）J = deconvlucy(I， PSF， NUMIT, DAMPAR， WEIGHT)J = deconvlucy(I, PSF, NUMIT， DAMPAR, WEIGHT， READOUT）J = deconvlucy(I, PSF， NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT, READOUT, SUBSMPL）deconvblind用盲卷积滤波复原图像J，PSF = deconvblind(I,INITPSF）J,PSF = deconvblind（I，INITPSF,NUMIT）J,PSF = deconvblind(I, INITPSF， NUMIT, DAMPAR）J,PSF = deconvblind（I, INITPSF， NUMIT， DAMPAR， WEIGHT）J,PSF = deconvblind（I, INITPSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR， WEIGHT， READOUT ）J，PSF = deconvblind(.。, FUN, P1， P2, 。.。， PN)23