Book3unit1语言知识点.pdf

1 Book 3 unit 1 语言知识点语言知识点一、单元词汇拓展一、单元词汇拓展 1_ n.庆祝；庆贺 _ vt.庆祝；歌颂2_ vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死 _ n饥饿；饿死3_ n信仰；信心；信念 _ vt.相信；认为4 _ n.独立；自主_ adj.独立的；自主的5_ vt.&vi.n搜集；集合；聚集 6_ vt.授予,判定 n.奖；奖品7_vt.&vi.淹没；溺死；淹死 8_n诡计；恶作剧；vt.欺骗；诈骗9 _vt.钦佩；欣赏_admiration n钦佩；欣赏 adj.令人钦佩的10_ adj.充满活力的；积极的_energy_n能量；活力_adv 11_ n衣服(总称)_ n.衣服(pl.)12 adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 religion n宗教信仰宗教信仰13 n起源；起因 original adj.原始的；最初的_(adv.)起初；原起初；原来来14_ n愚人；白痴；受骗者_ vt.愚弄；欺骗&vi.干傻事；开玩笑 _ adj.傻的；愚蠢的15_ n许可；允许_ vt.允许；许可16_ n(汽车等)停放_ n停车场_ vt.停放17_ vi.道歉；辩白 _apology_ n 道歉；歉意18_ adj.明显的；显而易见的_ adv.明显地；显而易见地19_ vt.提醒；使想起_ n提醒者；提示；令人回忆的东西20_ vt.原谅；饶恕_(过去式)_(过去分词)21 sad adj.悲伤的 adv 悲伤地 n.悲哀；悲伤2,活学活用活学活用用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1Dellas eyes were full of at the news and she looked at her husband.(sad)2You are not to leave here without his .(permit)3His English filled us with .(admire)4Tom was a boy full of and he did everything .(energetic)5Youd better to Jimmy.Of course,is not the only way but the most direct one .(apologize)26It is surprising that there are still many people in the world to death each year,that is,many people die of .(starve)7.It is _ thought to be a plant of Africa,but no one knows exactly the _ of this plant,because we dont have any _ material about it.(origin)3.单词自测单词自测（用正确的单词形式填写）（用正确的单词形式填写）1This story _(使想起)me of my childhood.2They got lost in the desert and _（饿死）to death.3My father told me he hadnt much _(信任)in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.4I am now _(收集)convincing information for my paper.5.We _（钦佩）the old scientist for his contribution to the country.He was _(钦佩)as a true scientist and hard worker.6He knew I was _ (充满活力的)and would get things done.7You should _ 道歉）to your teacher for coming late8More and more _(农业的)products are being shipped abroad.9It was _(显然)to everyone that the child had been badly treated.10AIDS became widespread in the 1980s,but no one is certain of its _(源头)11 He won the _（奖项）for the best student of the year 12 Please _（提醒）me to write to my mother tomorrow.13 He has_（获得）rich experience in these years.14.She has lost her _（信仰）in God.15.They entered the area without _ (允许).4.重点短语必背重点短语必背.(自己用下列短语每个造一个句子自己用下列短语每个造一个句子)1 发生发生 2 纪念；追念纪念；追念3 盛装；打扮；装饰盛装；打扮；装饰 4 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑5 期望；期待；盼望期望；期待；盼望 6 好像好像7 玩得开心玩得开心 8 出现；到场出现；到场9 守信用；履行诺言守信用；履行诺言 10 屏息；屏气屏息；屏气11 出发；动身；使爆炸出发；动身；使爆炸 12 使使想想起起13 别挂别挂(电话电话)14.日夜；昼夜；整天日夜；昼夜；整天_15.对对有害有害_5.从从 Page1-2 Reading 课文中划出下列短语并翻译成英语课文中划出下列短语并翻译成英语1）festivals and celebrations 2）since ancient times3）have many origins 4）honour the dead4）5）satisfy the ancestors 6）do harm(to)7）clean graves 8)light incense39)lead the ancestors back to earth 10)in memory of 11)on this important feast day 12)in the shape of skulls13）offer sth.to sb.14）old beliefs15）the spirits of dead people 16）dress up17）play a trick on sb.18）a national festival19)gain its independence 20)the agricultural work21)decorate with 22)win awards for23)admire the moon 24)look forward to25)lucky money 26)day and night27)colourful clothing of all kinds28)celebrate the return of Jesus 29)be covered with30)as though 31)be proud of 6.重点词汇学习重点词汇学习1.Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.1)mean to do 意欲意欲,打算打算,想要做某事想要做某事 eg,I regret saying that to you.But I didnt mean to hurt you.Eg,I had meant to call you,but my cell phone was out of battery.2)mean sb./sth.to do 意欲意欲,打算打算,想要某人想要某人/某物做某事某物做某事 Eg,I thought you meant me to go with you.Eg,China means Change Project to explore the moon.3)mean doing 意味着做意味着做Eg,Missing the bus means waiting for another one hour.4)sb./sth.be meant to doEg,Change Project is meant to explore the moon.Eg,Christmas is meant to bring people together.a.（主语）被人期望做（主语）被人期望做=be intended toIn China,high school students are meant to work hard and go to college.b.指由命运，能力等所指由命运，能力等所“注定注定”“就该就该”或由父母决定或由父母决定 eg,He believes that he is meant to be a great man.Eg,Books are meant to be read.2.celebrate vt.庆祝，祝贺庆祝，祝贺,后常接日期后常接日期,事情或场合事情或场合 in celebration of=for the celebration of 为了庆祝，为了祝贺为了庆祝，为了祝贺eg,They held a grand party to celebrate their ten years wedding anniversaryeg,People usually put on their best clothes for the celebration of the Spring Festival.词语辨析：词语辨析：celebrate,congratulatecelebrate 后常接日期后常接日期,事情或场合事情或场合 +Christmas/ones birthday/a victorycongratulate 后常接人后常接人,表示为某事而祝贺某人表示为某事而祝贺某人 congratulate sb.on/upon sth.4e.g.：I congratulate you on your marriage.有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。e.g.：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished.I offered my congratulations on his success.3.They would starve if food was difficult to find,sb/sth+be+adj.+to do不定式所表示的动作用形容词所表达意义作出评价，不定式所表示的动作用形容词所表达意义作出评价，不定式与其前面的主语在逻辑上含动宾关系，不定式与其前面的主语在逻辑上含动宾关系，常用主动形式表示被动含义。常用主动形式表示被动含义。如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。类似的形容词有：如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。类似的形容词有：light,heavy,difficult,hard,easy,interesting,dangerouseg,The book was interesting to read.Some people are hard to satisfy.The house is comfortable to live in.The man is pleasant to work with.e.g.1)English _in a short time.英语难以在短时间内学好。(learn)2)The problem _ 这个问题很难算出来。(work)3)My boss_ 我的上司很容易相处。(get)4.starve vi.饿死；挨饿；渴望；极需要饿死；挨饿；渴望；极需要 vt.使饿死；使挨饿使饿死；使挨饿(1)starve for sth.极需要极需要 starve to do sth.渴望去做渴望去做 starve to death 饿死饿死 starve sb.into.以饥饿迫使以饥饿迫使(2)starvation n.饥饿；挨饿；饿死饥饿；挨饿；饿死 starving adj 饥饿的。受饿的饥饿的。受饿的 die of starvation 饿死饿死 starvation wages 刚够糊口的工资刚够糊口的工资1）现今，世界上仍然有很多人饿死。现今，世界上仍然有很多人饿死。2）他渴望能再见她一面。他渴望能再见她一面。3）学生极需要他们老师和家长的关心和理解。学生极需要他们老师和家长的关心和理解。.5.,or satisfy the ancestors,satisfy:v.满足；使满意满足；使满意 satisfying/satisfied adj 令人满意的令人满意的/使人满意的使人满意的 n.satisfaction satisfy sb./sth._ be satisfied with sb./sth._ be satisfied to do sth._e.g.1)The colours of the picture quite_.这幅画的色彩很悦目。2)She _anything but the best.她事事都要最好的方才罢休。3)We _get a timely answer 得到及时的回答，我们感到满意。6 in memory of 纪念。纪念。追念。追念。（作状语）作状语）。in favour of支持；赞同；对某人有利支持；赞同；对某人有利 in face of 面临；面对面临；面对in honour of 为纪念为纪念；祝贺；祝贺；为了向；为了向表示敬意表示敬意in charge of 负责；掌管负责；掌管 in search of 寻找寻找 in praise of 歌颂。歌颂。活学活用活学活用选用上述词语填空选用上述词语填空They built a monument those who died in the great earthquake.5There is a party tonight our new headmaster.Are you or against the plan?4）端午节是为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原的。端午节是为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原的。7 because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.Vt,通向，带路，导致通向，带路，导致,使。使。，lead sb.to+some place _ lead sb to do sth._lead to+n./v-ing _1)This street_.你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。2)What _it?什么使你相信它？什么使你相信它？3)_.条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）4)_,_.勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。8)1)dress sb/oneselfEg,The boy is old enough _ （自己穿衣服）They got up late this morning.The mother _（给小孩穿衣服）in a hurry.2)sb be dressed in+衣服衣服 或表示色彩的词或表示色彩的词那位年轻的女士经常穿着白色的衣服那位年轻的女士经常穿着白色的衣服 The young lady is often dressed in white.3)dress(oneself)up in sth/as sb 化妆打扮成。化妆打扮成。Eg,They _Victorian clothes.他们化装成维多利亚时代的人。Eg,The children tried to_.孩子们极力地打扮成超人。Eg,in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.Dressed B.To dress C.Dressing D.Having dressed9)gain vt.获得；得到获得；得到n获利，利益获利，利益gain confidence/strength/experience 获得信心获得信心/力量力量/经验经验gain ones respect/love/trust 获得某人的尊敬获得某人的尊敬/爱戴爱戴/信任信任gain sth.from.从从处获得某物处获得某物No pains，no gains.谚语谚语不劳无获。不劳无获。/一分耕耘，一分耕耘，一分收获。一分收获。The gain is greater than the loss.收益大于损失。收益大于损失。Eg,He _ _ _ _ in teaching in these years.这些年他已获取了丰富的教学经验。The stepfather finally_ _ _ _.这位继父终于获得了孩子们的尊重。10.admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕赞美；钦佩；羡慕+sb/sth(1)admire sb.for sth.(sbs sucess/gift/talent/spirit/bravery/courage)因某事羡慕某人因某事羡慕某人(2)admiration n.钦佩；赞美；羡慕钦佩；赞美；羡慕 express/have admiration for sb./sth.(表示表示)羡慕羡慕/钦佩某人钦佩某人/物物 in/with admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地钦佩地；羡慕地6(3)admirer n.赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者 (4)admiring adj.赞赏的；羡慕的赞赏的；羡慕的他有一份令人羡慕的工作，所以我很羡慕他。I have to Liu Xiang his persistence.我不得不佩服刘翔那种坚韧的精神。Id like to the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the wounded.我对伤员们的勇敢和毫无怨言的精神表示钦佩。我钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。（3 种表达法）1）I admire him for his fine sense of humor.2）3）11.look forward to 期望，盼望，期望，盼望，to 为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。含含介词介词 to 的常用动词短语还有：的常用动词短语还有：be/get used to习惯于习惯于 stick to 坚持坚持lead to 导致导致 object to 反对反对contribute to 促成；是促成；是成因之一成因之一 get down to 开始认真做开始认真做pay attention to 注意注意 belong to 属于。属于。turn to 转向。转向。get down to 开始认真干开始认真干 point to 指向指向.refer to 谈到，涉及谈到，涉及,查阅查阅 come to 共计，苏醒共计，苏醒 add to 增添，添加，增添，添加，be accustomed to 适应适应.devoteto献身于，献身于，专心专心.Eg,Im looking forward to _(see)you again.我盼望再次见到你。The day we have been looking forward to _ _at last.我们一直期待的日子终于来了。我们一直盼望的那个好消息终于到来了。_12.looks as though it is covered with pink snow.It looks as though Tom is not coming today.(陈述语气)看来汤姆今天不会来了。as though 引导方式状语从句或表语从句多用虚拟语气。如果表示与现在事实相反，从句从句的谓语的谓语用_一般过去一般过去_时态，be 动词用_ were_;若与过去事实相反，从句的谓语则用_过去完成时过去完成时_。若与将来事实相反，从句的谓语则用 would+V 原原 Eg,He treated Mary_他对待玛丽好像亲生女儿一样。Eg,She looks_ 她看上去像是已经知道了全部秘密。e.g.He opened his mouth as though _.他张开嘴好像要对我说话。Eg,She looks as though she _ (not sleep)very well last night.Eg,Mrs li treated her students as though they _(be)her own children.713apologize vi.道歉道歉(1)apologize to sb.for(not doing/doing)sth 因因(做做)某事向某人道歉某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb.that 从句从句 向某人道歉向某人道歉.(2)make an apology to sb.for sth 因某事向某人道歉因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse ones apology 接受接受/拒绝某人的道歉拒绝某人的道歉 You must apologize to your teacher being so rude.=You must so rude.你太无礼了，必须向你的老师道歉。I must sooner to your letter.我未能及时给你复信，必须向你道歉。4remind vt.提醒；使想起提醒；使想起remind sb.of sth./sb.提醒某人某事提醒某人某事/使某人使某人 想起某人想起某人/某事某事remind sb.(Not)to do sth.提醒某人不提醒某人不/做某事做某事remind(sb.)that/how/what从句从句提醒提醒This _ _ _ what we did together during our holiday.这使我想起在假期里我们一起所做的一切。_ _ _ _Alan before I go out.提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟。4)She my promise.她提醒我不要忘了自己的承诺。5)She I hadnt written to Mother.(她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。6)这些照片让我想起我们一起度过的日子。7）读完这篇文章后，这个故事使我想起了我的一次相似的经历。读完这篇文章后，这个故事使我想起了我的一次相似的经历。After reading this passage,this story reminds me of my similar experience.8)这个故事让我想起了我的同学，他过去不喜欢英语._5forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt.&vi.宽恕；饶恕；原谅宽恕；饶恕；原谅1)forgive me 请原谅；对不起请原谅；对不起 forgive ones doing sth.原谅某人做了某事原谅某人做了某事 forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人原谅某人(做了做了)某事某事 ,Mr.Zhang,but it is not my fault.对不起，张先生，不过那不是我的错。对不起，张先生，不过那不是我的错。Ill never _ what you have done to your parents.8我永远也不会原谅你对父母所做的一切。我永远也不会原谅你对父母所做的一切。8hold ones breath 屏住气；屏息屏住气；屏息take a deep breath breathe deeply 深呼吸深呼吸lose ones breath喘不过气来喘不过气来out of breath 上气不接下气；喘不过气来上气不接下气；喘不过气来catch ones breath 喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸喘口气；歇口气；恢复正常呼吸He ,not daring to make any sound.他屏住气，不敢弄出一点声响。Calm down and 深吸一口气，平静下来。Reaching the top of the tower,he was .到了塔顶，他就上气不接下气了。练习练习 8.完成下列句子完成下列句子1.读完这个故事后，我非常钦佩作者的勇气和精神。读完这个故事后，我非常钦佩作者的勇气和精神。After reading this story,I _the author _his bravery and spirit very much.2.自从自从 2009 年以来，我们学校发生了很大的变化。年以来，我们学校发生了很大的变化。great changes_ _ _in our school since 2009.3.拿别人开玩笑是没礼貌的。拿别人开玩笑是没礼貌的。It is not polite to _ _ _ _ others.4.她答应参加我的生日晚会，但直她答应参加我的生日晚会，但直 到现在还没有出现。到现在还没有出现。She promised to attend my birthday party,but so far she _ _ _.5.他总是守信用的，这让我很信任她。他总是守信用的，这让我很信任她。He always _ _ _,_ makes me trust him.6.读完这个故事后，它让我想到我中学时的经历读完这个故事后，它让我想到我中学时的经历.After reading this story,it _.7.今天你必须因你的错误向我道歉，否则我永远不会原谅你的。今天你必须因你的错误向我道歉，否则我永远不会原谅你的。Today you must _,or I wont never _you.8.小李提醒我要守信用。小李提醒我要守信用。Xiaoli _ _ _ _ _ _.9.毕业后，他毕业后，他渴望找到一份好工作，渴望找到一份好工作，这使他这使他极需要极需要她家人和朋友的帮助。她家人和朋友的帮助。After graduation,he _,_makes him _ _ helps from his family and friends.910.这次大会的举行是为了纪念一位英雄。这次大会的举行是为了纪念一位英雄。_11.你应该打扮一下去参加新年聚会和玩得开心。你应该打扮一下去参加新年聚会和玩得开心。_12.我盼望着快点收到你的来信。我盼望着快点收到你的来信。_