常考介词短.doc

常考介词短语1 介词与名词的常用搭配(1) at + n. 表示状态at sea 茫然 at a loss 不知所措at work 在工作 at a loss不知所措at peace处于和平中 at rest 静止，不动at war在战争中(2) at + n. 表示时间at dawn 黎明、破晓 at sunset/sunrise 在日落、出时at dusk 在黄昏 at noon/midday/nightat Christmas 在圣诞节 at breakfast在早餐时at present 目前 at the first time乍一看 at one time 曾经；一度 at times 有时候 at a time 一次；每次 at the same time同时 in time及时；终于；终有一天in no time 立即；马上 on time准时；按时(3) 以at 开头组成的短语at the expense of花的钱/对不利/不顾at the mercy of由支配 at the service of 随时为-服务at the cost of以为代价 at all costs=at any cost不惜代价/无论如何/不计任何牺牲 at full / top speed 以全速 at (a) high speed 以高速at a speed of 以速度 at length最后、详尽地at random 任意地=at will (4) on + n. 表示状态on a trip/journey/tour在旅行on display 陈列on show 在展出on duty/guard 在值班，警戒中on exhibition 在展出on fire 着火on holiday/vacation 在度假on line 在工作、运行on sale 降价出售on the decrease 在减少on the increase 在增加on the go 在忙碌中on the march 在进行中on the way 在途中on trial 在受审(5) 以on 开头的介词短语on account of 因为on behalf of 代表on condition that 如果，在-的条件下 on no account/condition/occasion 决不on the basis of 以-为基础on the occasion of 在-时(6) by + n. 表示方式 by chance = by accident = by coincidence碰巧、偶然 by force 用暴力 by mistake 错误地 by the day按天算 by nature 天生地 by radio 通过收音机 by telegraph以电报形式 by hand 用手工by air/plane 乘飞机by design故意= on purpose by heart默记地by turns 轮流 by no means决不by mistake错误地 by the way顺便说、问by way of 经由by accident偶尔 by all means用一切办法 by means of 借助于(7) in + n. 表示方式in detail 详细；详尽in brief 简言之；以简洁的形式in conclusion 最后；总之in person 亲自；身体上；外貌上in cash 用现金支付in width 在宽度上in depth 在深度上in English 用英语in height 在海拔上in length 在长度上in shape 在外形上in size 在大小上(8) in + n. 表示状态in debt 负债；欠钱in tears流着泪；含泪哭in rags衣衫褴褛的in use在使用中in need/want of 需要；急需in anger 生气地in battle 在战斗中in bed 在床上in danger 处于危险中in delight 高兴地in despair 绝望in difficulty 处于困难中in doubt 不确定，拿不准in fear 在恐惧中in high spirits 情绪高昂地in order 就绪in peace 平静地，平安地in practice 在实践中in print 已出版in public 公开地in secret 秘密地in surprise 惊奇地in use 使用中in view 看得见in wonder 惊奇地in silence 沉默地in trouble 在困难中in space 在太空中in ruins 成为废墟in prison 在狱中(9) 以in开头组成的短语in a hurry 匆忙；立即，很快地in a moment立即，立刻in all directions 向四面八方in all 总共，共计in consequence 结果是，因此if only 只要；哪怕；要是就好了in a word 总而言之；in addition (to) 加之；另外；除之外又in advance (of)提前；预先; in any case/event 而且；总之；无论如何； in case万一；以防;以备;in charge(of) 主持；领导；主管的；in common (with) 共同；相通；与同样in conflict (with) 和矛盾；;相抵触in connection with 关于；与有关； in consequence (of) 因此；结果；结果；in comparison with 与对比；对照；by contrast to/ with和比起来；与相比in doubt (about) 怀疑，拿不准in exchange for 交换;调换in favor (of) 支持；赞成；对有利；in force/effect 有效；事实上in front of在前边； in general总之；大体上；一般；普遍in particular 尤其；特别in honor of 向表示尊敬；纪念in (the) light of 考虑到；依照；根据in line 排队；排列；同意；准备就绪；in office 执政；在位in/within sight 看得见；在眼前；在望； in a big/small way 大/小规模地in memory of 为-纪念in order (that/to) 以便；为了in other words 换句话说；换言之in place of 代替；而不是；更换; 顶替in/with respect of/to 关于in return (for)回报；付给in search of 寻找；搜寻；查究in secret/private私下，暗地in public当众；公开地in short/brief/sum 简言之；总之in spite of=despite 虽然；不管；纵使in support of 维护；支持；证实in the course of 在期间；在的过程中in the end 最后；最终；结果；终归in the face of 面临；不顾(反对等)in the first place 起初；首先；早先(not) in the least/the least bit 一点(也不)；丝毫(不);)in the long run 长期看in the name of 以 名义in no time 立刻；马上， in vain 徒劳；无益in view of 鉴于；考虑到in danger/trouble 在危险中，垂危in debt to sb.欠债，欠情,感谢in due course 在适当的时候in every way 在各方面，以各种方式in face of 面对；纵然，即使in fact/effect其实，实际上in favour of 赞成，支持；有利于in front of 在前面，面对in full charge 负全责；勇猛向前in general 通常，一般地说in good health 身体好in half/into halves成两半in itself 就其本身而言in line with 跟一致；符合in the way 挡道的，妨碍人的in no case/ way 决不，无论如何不in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；in a sense/way 在某种意义上；in other words 换句话说，也就是说in particular 特别，尤其；详细地in season (水果等)时令的in sight看得见；在望in so far as (程度等)就；至于in stock在贮存中；现有，备有in terms of 在.方面,根据；以的措词in the distance在远处，远方的in the future将来in future 今后，以后in the interest of 为了的利益，为了in the open air 在户外；在露天in the past在过去in the world 究竟，到底；天下in time 及时；迟早in turn依次，轮流,反过来in good/poor condition状况好、差in the absence of某人不在时in preference to更喜欢 (10) of+ n. 表特征（等于相应的形容词）be of benefit = be beneficial 有益处的be of help = be helpful 有帮助的be of importance = be important 重要的 be of interest = be interesting 有趣的be of use = be useful 有用的be of significance = be significant 有意义的be of value = be valuable 有价值的(11) out of + n. 意为“超出、没有、缺乏、在外” 表示状态out of breath 上气接下气 out of control 失去控制out of repair 失修 out of question 毫无疑问out of order 有毛病、坏了、出毛病 out of balance 失去平衡out of cash 钱用完了 out of luck 倒霉out of work 失业 out of temper发脾气out of patience 失去耐心/不能忍受 out of danger 脱离危险out of reach 够不着 out of place 不适当out of practice 荒废 out of sense 失去理智out of view 看不见 out of sight看不见out of mind 心不在焉,发狂 out of touch失去联系out of style/date/fashion 过时 out of range 超出范围out of shape 变形 out of money手头拮据，手头没钱out of fashion不合时尚 out of respect出于尊敬out of sympathy/pity出于同情 out of politeness礼貌out of curiosity 出于好奇 out of service 停止运行(12) beyond + n. 表示“超出- 难以-”beyond expectation 出乎我的意料 beyond control 无法控制beyond belief我无法相信 beyond compare无与伦比beyond comprehension无法理解 beyond repair无法修补beyond description无法形容/描述 beyond words 难以表达beyond recognition 无法识别 beyond question 无可争辩beyond measure无法估量 beyond ones grasp 无法理解beyond ones reach 够不着/能力所不能之处 beyond argument 无法争辩beyond ones dream 做梦也没有想到 beyond doubt 不用怀疑，确实(13) under + n. 表被动under attack在进攻中under control处于控制中under consideration在考虑中 under construction在建设中under contact在联系中 under discussion在讨论中under examination在审查中 under investigation在调查中under repair在修理中under pressure在压力下under treatment在医治中 under trial在受审中under way进行中 under protection在保护中under research研究中under development在发展中(13) 以under 开头的短语underthecontrolof受.控制，受.管辖 underthechargeof在掌管之下undertheweather身体不舒服 underthecircumstance在这种情况下,undernocircumstances决不 underonesguidance在指导下under the protection of在保护下 under the direction of 在指导下under the command of在统帅下 under the treatment of 由治疗under the leadership of在领导下(14) with + n. 表示方式with anger 生气地with courage 英勇地with difficulty 困难地with fear 害怕地with confidence 有信心地with delight/joy 高兴地with ease 轻而易举地with interest 有兴趣地2. 形容词与介词的常用搭配(1) adj. + aboutbe concerned about 关心，挂念be anxious about 忧虑be careful about 小心be curious about 对好奇be excited about 对感到兴奋be particular about 对讲究、挑剔be serious about 对认真be sorry about 对感到抱歉be upset about 对感到不安be worried about 对担心be sure about 对有把握(2) adj. + atbe good at 善于，擅长于be bad at 不擅长be angry at 恼怒于be astonished at 对吃惊be present at 出席be surprised at 对吃惊be delighted at 因而高兴(3) adj. + inbe absorbed in 专心致力于be skilled in熟练于 be lost in 集中精力与，沉湎于be located in位于，坐落在be occupied in 忙于，正从事be active in 积极于be confident in 对有信心be diligent in 勤于be dressed in 穿着be engaged in 忙于be excellent in 在方面优秀be experienced in 在方面有经验be interested in 对感兴趣be involved in 被卷入，忙于be lacking in 缺乏be rich in 富有be successful in 在成功be weak in 不擅长(4) adj. + forbe fit for 适合be unfit for 不适合，不胜任be known for 因而众所周知be responsible (to sb.) for sth 因向负责be anxious for 渴望be eager for 渴望be hungry/thirsty for 渴望be desperate for 渴望be famous for 以著名be good for 对好be late for 迟到be prepared for 为做好准备be ready for 准备好be sorry for 对感到抱歉be thankful for 因而骄傲 (5) adj. +frombe absent from 不在；缺席be different from 不同于be far from 远离be free from 免受影响be safe from 免受伤害(6) adj. + tobe bound to 注定；决心be able to 能，会 be about to 正要，即将(做)be determined to 坚定；坚决；决心be related to 与相关的be addicted to doing 沉溺于be alike/similar to 与相同，与相似be familiar to sb 为所熟悉be beneficial to 有利于，有益于be attentive to 集中注意， 对关怀be essential to 对不可缺少be equal to 等于，胜任工作be good to对好；对很慈善be loyal to 忠于be/get used/accustomed to 习惯于be known to sb. 为人所知be married to sb. 和结婚be supposed to 被期望；理应be close to 接近be blind to 对是盲目的be contrary to 与相反be deaf to 不愿听be devoted to 致力于be equal to 等于be fair to 对公平be friendly to 对友好be grateful to 对心存感激be harmful to 对有害be kind to 对友好be useful to 对有用be/get used to 习惯于be thankful to 感激(7) adj. + ofbe aware of知道，意识到，认识到be considerate of 体谅，替着想be typical of 是的典型特点be fond of爱好be full of 充满be/get tired/sick of 对失去兴趣；厌烦be short of缺乏，不足；达不到be afraid of 害怕be ashamed of 意识到be capable of 能够be composed of 由组成be proud of 因而骄傲be short of 短缺be sure/certain of确信，肯定be tired of 厌烦be worthy of 值得be/get rid of 除去，摆脱(8) adj. + withbe concerned with 关于，与有关；be busy with 忙于be familiar with对熟悉be satisfied with 对感到满意be angry with sb. 对生气be combined with 与结合be connected with 与有关be content with对满意be covered with 被覆盖be crowded with 充满be filled with 充满be patient with 对有耐心be pleased with 对感到满意be popular with 受欢迎be satisfied with 对满意be sick with 患病3.其他常用短语be obliged to (do) 被迫，不得不be narrowly defeated/beaten惜败be all ears全神贯注地倾听着be well(better) off (更)富有be born in/on/of 源于；出生于be/get caught in遭遇上，被困be made up of 由组成be fed up with 对感到厌烦，吃得过饱be friends with 与交友(友好)be hard on sb.过于严厉对待某人be ignorant of 对无知(不了解)be in fashion (人、物)合于时尚be in for 参加(竞赛、考试等)be in love with 跟恋爱be in the habit of有习惯(或脾气)be known as以知名；被认为是be noted as 以而闻名be on a diet 节食be seated坐下，坐着；位于be sure of oneself 有自信心be to blame（for）对应负责任be to blame for sth 某人因某事应受到责备be up to从事，忙于,胜任,符合be worth doing值得(做)relate .to 与 联系，理解for life 一生，终身for the sake of为了缘故for the purpose of 为了 目的for lack of 因为缺乏for the good of 为了的利益for fear of 唯恐owing to 因为but for 要不是along with 随着according to 根据