下册英语第单元知识要点.doc

下册英语第单元知识要点 日期： 八年级下册英语第一单元知识要点清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站： :/qinghua.yeryy / 清华大学英语教授研究组提供教学内容课前复习1.课后作业检查。2.现在完成时定义及要点的复述。 Language points:1. Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes？Do you think 你认为，通常用来询问对方的看法。后面常接宾语从句，从句用陈述句的语序。也可作插入语，常放在特殊疑问词后，结构为：疑问词+do you think +主语+谓语+其它。 Do you think hell come back tomorrow? Who do you think shole her money? What time do you think the train will arrive here?In peoplehomes, home作名词，家，相当于house.home还可作副词，回家，在家。He didnt leave home until he was 21.Im going home now. See you tomorrow.辨析 home,family&house home 家乡，指与家人共同居住的地方，侧重强调家庭的气氛。 I regard Beijing as my second home.family，指一家人或家庭成员，侧重强调人，与房子或其它无关。My family are watching TV now. house 指人所居住的地方，侧重于建筑物，包括院子等Well move to a new house next week.everything will be free. everything pron. 每件事情，不定代词。 当不定代词做主语时，常看做第三人称单数形式。当形容词修饰不定代词时，常放在不定代词的后面。I hope everything goes well.He loves everything new.2. People will live to be 200 years old.live to be +基数词+years old 活到岁I want to live to be 100 years old.live on sth. 以、靠为生 live by doing sth. 靠做为生live a quiet life 过着平静的生活。3.Will people use money in 100 years?use v.用 May I use your book?Its no use doing sth. 做某事时没用的use n.Make (good) use of sth. (充分)利用某物Its no use arguing with her. in 100 years in+时间段 表示“在一段时间以后，常与一般将来时连用，对之提问用疑问词how soon (多久之后)-How soon will she come back?-In a week.辨析 in,after & later After 后既可以加时间段，也可以加时间点。如果after后接一段时间，常以过去时的时间为起点，句中常用过去时；如after 后接时间点，表示某一时间为起点的假设干时间之后，也可用于将来时。He came back to school after two weeks.I think theyll arrive there after five oclock.Later 前加时间段，表示假设干时间之后，常用于过去时He went back to this city eight years later.= He went back to this city after eight years.4.There will be more /less/fewer pollution. “There be句型的一般将来时结构：形式：There will be+名词+其它成份。注意：无论后面加单数名词或复数形式，be都必须用原形。eg. There will be some paper money. 将会有一些纸币。否认式，在will后面加not。There wont be any paper money in 100 years.一般疑问式：Will 提到there之前Will there be any paper money in 100 years?100年后，还会有纸币吗？Yes, there will. / No, there wont. A few, few, &a little, littleFew 指没有多少，表否认，后接复数可数名词 I am afraid I know few words of French.A few 指少数及格，而非很多，表肯定，后接可数名词的复数形式There are a few students in the classroom.Little 指很少，几乎没有，表否认，后接不可数名词Unfortunately he now had little money left.A little 指一点，有点儿，表肯定，后接不可数名词I need a little help to move these books.5.I ll live in Shanghai,because I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it.fall 的用法：a. fall vi. 落下fall fell fallenThe little boy fell into the river.b. fall n. 秋天 autumnc. fall in love with. 爱上Last year l visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.6. Because I dont like living alone.alone adj. & adv. 单独的，单独一人的，相当于by onself, 在句中常作表语，不作定语。此外，alone作副词时，还可表示“仅仅、只有，用于名词和代词之后。 She is alone at home. Adj. He went to hang out alone. Adv.You alone can help me in the work. Adv.alone&lonely Alone 既可作形容词也可作副词，表示“单独一人，无人相伴，陈述客观事实。 This job is too big for me to do alone.lonely 只能作形容词，表示：孤独的，寂寞的,带有强烈的感情色彩；此外，还可以表示“荒凉的，偏僻的：常作定语。Though the old man is alone,he doesnt feel lonely.My grandfather used to live in a lonely village.7. I might keep a pet parrot.keep a pet 养宠物， keep “饲养 In China, many peasants keep cattle.keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，相当于 stop sb. from doing sth. The noise outside kept me from sleeping.8.propably 可能 相当于 maybe, 通常作为书面语。The boy probably told his father all about it.9. I ll be able to dress more casually. able adj. 能干的，有能力的，常用于 be able to,表示“能够，会 My uncle is an able teacher. She is able to swim. =She can swim. 辨析： be able to & can Be able to 是系表结构，除用于现在是和过去时外，还可用于将来时、完成时等多种时态，也可用于情态动词，不定式之后。在过去的某种场合，还可表示经过努力而做到某事。Will you be able to come tonight?I hope to be able to go skating with you next week.He studied hard and was able to pass the exam.Can是情态动词，无人称和数的变化，只能用于现在时和过去时中。 She couldnt ride the bike at the age of four.10.辨析 noise, voice,sound noise 噪音、嘈杂声，尤其指不悦耳、不动听的声音，常为不可数名词，有时前面可加定冠词a. Dont make so much noise.voice 嗓音、说话声、笑声、歌声，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。 Keep your voice down. He is not in good voice.sound 声音，指一切声音。 The teacher opened the door without a sound.11. no one ,none,nothing no one 没有人，作主语用单数，不可带of短语，常用来答复who开头的疑问句。-Who is in the classroom?-No one.None没有人物，常指三者或三者以上中的一个也没有，做主语时可做单数也可做复数，可带of短语，常用来答复how many/much开头的疑问句。-How many students are there in the classroom?-None.None of us know the answer to the question.12.see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 see sb. Doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 hear sb.do sth hear sb. Doing sth. watch sb. Do sth.watch sb. Doing sth.13. Do you think you will have your own robot？ a. own adj. 自己的，用于所有格的后面加强语气，常用于ones own +名词或名词+of ones own,但不可在own 后加所有格。This is my own house. = This house is my own.She has her own room. = She has a room of her own. b. own v. 拥有 He owns a villa in the countryside.14.such & so Such adj. 这样的、如此的，常用句中作定语，其结构为such(a/an)+adj.+n. Why do you buy such expensive clothes? There is no such thing sa a free lunch.So adv., 后面常接形容词或副词，其结构为so +adj./adv.;当so 修饰单数可数名词时，其结构为so+adj.+a/an+n.当名词前有“多少，即many,much,few,little做修饰词时，也应用so. Ive never read so interesting a book. = Ive never read such an interesting book.He has so many books in his room.15. That may not seem possible. seem v. 似乎，好似是，常用 seem (to be)+adj. ;seem to do sth. Seem that /as if He seems (to be) a student. I seemed to hear a voice in the distance. It seemes that he is sad. =He seems to be sad. It seems as if it is going to rain.课堂练习一、 单项选择1. Please pass me two_. a. piece of paper b. pieces of papers c. pieces of paper d. piece paper2. -Is _ ready for the journey? -No, we havent got a camera. a. something b. everything c. anything d. nothing3. If you hurry up, we may _get to the airport in time. a. can b. may c. able d. be able to4. The child is too young to _himself. a. wear b. put on c. dress d. be in5. At the age of fifty her wish came_. a. truly b. really c. true d. real6. At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the _of the running water. a. sound b. noise c.voice d. shout7. It is reported that more new teaching buildings_in our school next term. a. will be built b. was built c. has built d. will build8. Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _many poor people? a. such,such b.such, so c. so, so d. so, such9. My parents were _with the result of the final exam when they saw it. a. please b. pleasant c. pleased d. pleasure二句型转换1. I have more apples than Lucy. Lucy _ _ apples than I.2. The students will go back to the school in two days. _ _ _ the students _back to school? 3. He seems a little angry. _ _ that he is a little angry.八年级英语仁爱版上册语言点归纳 焰渊 发布于： 2021-10-31 19:381. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner 3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比拟级)more famous5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式)left 7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(1)词组1.during the summer holidays 在暑假期间2.betweenand 在两者之间3.cheer sb. on 为某人加油4.prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事5.quite a bit/a lot 很多6.plan to do sth. 方案做某事7.have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部8.go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9.arrive in 到达10.play against 与对抗/较量11.for long 很久12.leave for 动身去13.the day after tomorrow 后天14.places of interest 名15.胜16.play baseball 打棒球17.at least 至少18.be good at 善于做某事19.take part in 参加20.all over the world 全世界21.be good for 对有益22.a good way 一种好方法23.keep fit/healthy 保持健康24.relax oneself 放松某人自己重点句型25.Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么?26.Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗?28.She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29.She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping. 她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.30.What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动?重点语言点31.see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用.see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事 强调动作正在进行. 如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路 I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路. 类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.32.join sb. 表示 “参加某人的行列 “和某人在一起join + 组织 表示 “参加某个组织take part in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high jump.33.arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地点get to + 地点 = reach + 地点如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home34.leave 离开leave for 动身去/离开到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本. 35.a few “几个;一些 修饰可数名36.词a little “一点点 修饰不数名词如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.37.how long 表示“多久(时间); 提问时间段.how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次; 提问时间的频率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重点语法 一般将来时：一be going to 结构: 表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。 如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！二 will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等连用。will not = wont; 缩略形式为ll.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或方案，是临时的一种决定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 别担忧。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否认句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?答复：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.三动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?一、重点词语:词形转换：(1) adj. + ly adv.loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly angry angrily easy easily(2)过去式：fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt (3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin 3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(现在分词)smoking 5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比拟级) more important 7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying 9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor 11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches 13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired (二) 词组:have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛fall ill 病倒了be a little far from 离有点远 right away = at once 立刻;马上miss a good chance 错过一个好时机get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻do ones best 尽某人的力say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉be sure to do sth. 确定做某事be angry with 生某人的气with ones help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下serve food 上菜turn up/down 调高/低音量keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事in a minute 一分钟后；马上on the phone 在 中take a seat 就坐never mind 不要紧a lot of traveling 一系列旅行love/enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/欢做某事have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活as well 也throwinto 把投进follow/obey the rules 遵守规那么over a century later 一个多世纪后more and more people 越来越多的人feel tired 感到疲劳instead of 替代 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份方案build up 增进;增强go right 正常运转do the homework 做作业二.重点句型Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?你能帮我吗？ Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗？You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学生们创造了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。三. 重点语言点ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语) He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗? Would you mind not smokin