安徽省淮北市树人高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题.doc

安徽省淮北市树人高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题安徽省淮北市树人高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题年级：姓名：- 15 -安徽省淮北市树人高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are they doing?A. Taking a trip. B. Working on a farm. C. Feeding the cow.2. When will the man go to Mongolia?A. In June. B. In July. C. In August.3. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a laboratory. B. In a library. C. In a caf.4. Why does the man fail to rent this apartment?A. He wants to rent a smaller one.B. He thinks it is too expensive. C. He intends to share a flat.5. What does the woman mean?A. Johns hairstyle is great.B. Johns hairstyle doesnt fit him.C. Johns hairstyle is different from his friends.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who is the man?A. A car seller. B. The womans friend. C. The womans husband.7. Why does the woman want to buy a car?A. To drive to work. B. To drive her kids to school. C. To drive on holidays.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What can we know from the man?A. Its too cold to run outside.B. Its healthy to run in cold weather.C. Its good for lungs to run outside.9. What does the woman want to do right now?A. Sleep in bed. B. Get her gym clothes. C. Do make-up.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Why will the woman have a dinner party?A. To chat with the doctor. B. To celebrate her paper. C. To welcome the chairman.11. When will the man come?A. At around 6:30 on Saturday.B. At around 7:00 on Saturday. C. At around 7:00 on Sunday.12. What does the man think of the girl?A. She is pretty. B. She is friendly. C. She is hard-working.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What are the girls old shoes like?A. They are lovely. B. They are casual. C. They are old.14. Whats wrong with the first pair of shoes the girl tries on?A. They dont match the dress. B. They are out of style. C. They feel uncomfortable.15. How much does the girl have to pay?A. 130 dollars. B. 230 dollars. C. 260 dollars.16. What do we know about the girl?A. She is wearing a red dress.B. She bought a pair of yellow shoes.C. She will wear the red shoes home.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What do colors mean to drivers?A. Life-saving information. B. Means of transportation. C. Traffic police.18. Which of the following is NOT mentioned?A. Colors can change peoples mood.B. Colors can make people beautiful.C. Colors can increase peoples appetite.19. What is more important in a sports competition?A. Luck and ability. B. Luck and psychology. C. Ability and psychology.20. What does the speaker think of artists works?A. They are as colorful as a rainbow.B. They are more colorful than a rainbow.C. They are more beautiful than a rainbow.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AIn July 2017, the American Space Agency（NASA）admitted to not having enough financialmeans to send man on Mars for the purpose of exploring it. The news had the effect of a bomb after five years of communication and development for this space exploration project. And yet, a few months before this announcement, the two houses of the US Congress voted a law to guide future NASA tasks. Among these tasks was an inhabited trip to Mars in 2033.In the meantime, NASA is focusing on the Mars 2020 mission by building its rover（漫游者), which will be equipped with a series of new scientific instruments. This new machine will also look a lot like Curiosity which landed on the red planet in 2012. The mission Mars 2020 aims to assess the livability of the planet and possibly identify potential tracks of life yesterday and today.At a recent press conference, former US astronaut Tom Jones announced that NASAs current budget could not solve some technical problems for 25 years. Thus, it postpones the first inhabited mission of the agency to Mars in 2043. The subject concerned mainly mentioned many damages that will affect the body of astronauts.Indeed, the trip to Mars could be completed in nine months by considering the current technologies and the moment when the planets are closer to each other. However, periods of weightlessness that are too long may, in particular, cause a lack of calcium. In fact, it influences the bones of astronauts. In addition, this can lead to significant damage of vision.A quarter of a century is needed to develop new technologies to solve these problems. Forexample, there is the question of developing nuclear propulsion（推进）systems. Indeed, it could reduce travel times. Finally, there is also the idea of designing something to allow astronauts to hibernate （冬眠） during the trip!21. What made NASA put off its inhabited mission?A. Objection of scientists. B. The living conditions. C. The damage to health. D. A shortage of funds.22. Which is right about the Mars 2020 Mission?A. It has been put off.B. It is to evaluate the possibility for our living. C. Its aim is to send man to Mars.D.Its purpose is for man to walk on Mars.a23. Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The problems existing nowadays.B. The accuracy of travel times. C. The time to develop technologies. D. The update of new devices.BWhen Noah Ready-Campbell was a young adult, he worked for his fathers construction company. Back then, he dreamed of a day when robots might take over the dirty, repetitive（重复的）parts of his job, such as earth moving. Years later, Ready-Campbell left his job as an engineer with Google to make that dream come true.Ready-Campbell formed a company called Built Robotics, which develops technology to produce self-driving heavy equipment. Ready-Campbell says the companys goal is to make construction safer, faster and less costly. The construction industry struggles to find skilled workers and faces a growing number of unfinished projects. But self-operating machines are changing the nature of building.Workers at Berich Masonry in Englewood, Colorado, recently spent several weeks learning how to operate a robot called SAM, or the Semi-Automated Mason. SAM is a $400,000 machine from the company Construction Robotics, It can lay 3,000 bricks in eight hours. Thats several times more than a human bricklayer can do in the same period. But humans are still needed to load bricks into the SAM and make sure it works right. Bricklayer Michael Walsh says the SAM lessens the load on his body. But he doesnt think it will take his job.Brian Kennedy agrees, too. His organization supports the rights of construction workers in the United States and Canada. Kennedy says the union is not worried that machines will replace human workers any time soon.The rise of construction robots comes as the building industry faces a severe decrease in labor supply. One recent study showed that 70 percent of construction businesses have a difficult time finding skilled workers. Mike Moy heads a mining operation for the building materials supplier Lehigh Hanson. He says its difficult to find people who even know how to operate some of the necessary equipment. “Nobody wants to get their hands dirty any more. They want a nice, clean job in an office,” he noted.28. What does the first paragraph say about Noah Ready-Campbell?A. He enjoys doing repetitive work.B. He is now an employee of Google.C. He used to work in construction field.D. He joined Google to realize that dream.29. Which of the following is one of the aims of Built Robotics?A. Increasing construction speed.B. Enlarging construction quantity.C. Improving construction designs.D Changing construction steps.30. What can be inferred about SAM from the text?A. It can totally replace human bricklayers.B. It is complexly built but easy to operate.C. It is unable to work completely automatically. D. It is cheap but works much faster than humans.31. In Mike Moys opinion, what prevents many construction businesses from finding skilled workers?A. Their low pay. B. Their potential risks.C. Their heavy work loads.D. Their poor working conditions.CIf you get your news from social media,you are faced with a daily number of hoaxes（恶搞）,rumors,and misleading news.When its all mixed in with reliable information from honest sources,the truth can be very hard to judge.In face,my research teams analysis of data from Columbia Universitys Emergent rumor tracker suggests this false information is just as likely as to spread crazily as reliable information.Our research shows that in view of the structure of our social networks and our limited attention, it is unavoidable that some popular unconfirmed information will spread quickly, regardless of their quality. Even if individuals tend to share information of higher quality, the networks as a whole is not effective at telling the difference between reliable and fake information. This helps explain all the hoaxes we observe in the wild. Besides, our attention is limited. If we pay attention to a certain topic, more information on the topic will be produced. It s cheaper to fake information and pass it off as fact than it is to report actual truth.We can make our fight against false news more efficiently if we better understand how false information spreads. If, for example, robots are responsible for many pieces of the false news, we can focus attention on detecting them.To that end, our lab is building a platform called Hoaxy to track and monitor the spread of unreliable information on social media. That will give us real-world data, with which we can inform our imitated social networks. Then we can test possible approaches to fight false news. Hoaxy may also be able to show people how easy it is their opinion to be misrepresent by online information and how likely some of us are to share false news online. Hoaxy will join a set of tools in our Observatory on Social Media, which allows anyone to see how false information spread on the Internet.It is necessary that we spend resources on the study of this phenomenon. We need all hands on decks:Computer scientists, social scientists, economists, journalists and industry partners mustWork together to flight against the spread of false information.27.What does the author say about the news from social media?A.Its missed and hard to tell its truth. B. Its neither true nor worth believing.C.Its all false and misleads us. D.Its reliable and worth believing.28.Some popular unconfirmed information will spread quickly because of_.A.its higher quality and spreading speed B.its structure of social networks and our limited attentionC.its lower cost of fabrication and passing it of D.the networks not being able to tell the truth effectively.30.Which of the following is NOT the functions of the platform called Hoaxy?A.tracking and monitoring the spread of unreliable news on social media.B.testing possible approaches to flight false news.C.helping people to see how true information spread on the internet.D.showing people how easy it is their opinion controlled by online news.31.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To call on people to study and fight against false news together.B.To let all people buy a platform called Hoaxy.C.To warn people how seriously false news spread online.D.To tell people how to prevent false news from spreading.DWhy is it that big life decisions-whether to have kids, marry a specific person, choose one job over another-can be so worrying? Obviously, it is because they really matter. Yet, on closer inspection, that cannot be the whole story. Other decisions “really matter”, too: whether to seek medical help when you break your leg; whether to use a glove to handle an extremely hot dish. But they are not worrying at all. They are so straightforward that it sounds strange even to think of them as decisions.Perhaps what makes decisions worrying is that they matter and there is too much uncertainty to know which option to choose. That sounds more reasonable. But as the US psychology professor Tania Lombrozo points out, if no single option clearly stands out, then your decision does not much matter. You could just flip (掷) a coin, or, as Lombrozo puts it: “Hard decisions should be easy.” This is Fredkins paradox(悖论), which can be explained as “The more equally attractive two alternatives seem, the harder it can be to choose between then. But, to some degree, the choice can only matter less.”Since you are unable to know how things will turn out, overthinking is useless. We worry much, as if hoping through great efforts to see into the future. In the worst case, we end up choosing none of the potentially good options, but a very bad one, instead. That applies to the hungry and thirsty donkey (驴), positioned between grass and water, and stays rooted to the spot, thus starving to death.Merely knowing about Fredkins paradox probably will not reduce your tendency to overthinking. But it can provide comfort when a decision turns out to have been bad. You can remind yourself that you truly could not have known. Alan Watts once observed that the process we call “deciding”-moving gradually towards a decision-is frequently no such thing. Rather, it is just a period of flipping back and forth between options, followed by a sudden and semirandom choice. We might as well admit that.32. The author introduces the topic of the text by _.A. offering suggestions on how to face dilemmasB. explaining the reason for peoples worries in lifeC. comparing big life decisions with other decisionsD. throwing doubt on a theory about decision making33. Which of the following is in line with Fredkins paradox?A. Sometimes it is not that important what you decide.B. Whatever option you choose is the best one ever.C. There is not so much certainty about your options.D. It is easy 1o decide when your options are similar.34. What is the authors advice when it comes to making big decisions?A. We should learn from past choices.B. We should stop thinking too much.C. We should carefully weigh each option.D. We should see into the future through efforts.35. What would be the best title for the text?A. What is the secret of making good decisions?B. It is necessary to know about Fredkins paradoxC. Remind yourself the random choice really mattersD. Why do we find it so difficult to make big decisions?.