《英语学习课件》-高一英语语法知识详解PPT.ppt

英语学习课件-高一英语语法知识详解PPTEnglish grammar is the foundation of learning the language.Its not always easy,but its important to learn in order to communicate effectively.This PPT will provide a thorough explanation of the key grammar concepts.Parts of SpeechNounsNouns are the names of people,places,and things.PronounsPronouns replace nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition.AdjectivesAdjectives modify or describe nouns and pronouns.Other parts of speechLearn about verbs,adverbs,prepositions,conjunctions,and interjections.Sentence StructureSubject and PredicateEvery sentence needs a subject and predicate.The subject is what the sentence is about,and the predicate is what the subject is doing.Phrases and ClausesPhrases are groups of words that work together,but dont have a subject and predicate.Clauses have both,and can be either independent or dependent.ModifiersModifiers add extra information to a sentence.Be careful of misplaced or dangling modifiers.Sentence TypesLearn about simple,compound,complex,and compound-complex sentences.Subject-Verb Agreement1Singular&PluralSingular subjects need singular verbs,and plural subjects need plural verbs.Dont be fooled by tricky subject-verb agreement.2Collective NounsWhen talking about a group of people or things,use a singular verb if the group acts as one,and a plural verb if they act individually.3Intervening WordsDont let intervening words come between the subject and verb and throw off subject-verb agreement.Direct and Indirect ObjectsDirect ObjectsDirect objects are the recipient of the action in a sentence.They answer the question who or what is being acted upon.Indirect ObjectsIndirect objects answer the question to whom or for whom the action is done.They only exist with a direct object.Object PronounsWhen using pronouns as direct or indirect objects,use object pronouns like me,him,her,us,and them.Active and Passive Voice1Active VoiceIn active voice,the subject of the sentence performs the action.Its more direct and engaging.2Passive VoiceIn passive voice,the object of the sentence becomes the subject,and the doer of the action(if mentioned)comes after the verb.It can be useful to shift focus or avoid blame.3Converting between Active and PassiveTo convert between active and passive voice,switch the positions of the subject and object and change the verb form.4When to Use Passive VoicePassive voice is useful when the doer is unknown or unimportant,or when the focus is on the result rather than the doer.Relative Clauses and PronounsRelative PronounsRelative pronouns(like who,whom,whose,that,which)introduce relative clauses.They provide extra information about the noun in the main clause.Defining&Non-DefiningDefining relative clauses provide essential information about the noun,while non-defining clauses provide extra information.Relative AdverbsRelative adverbs(like when,where,and why)introduce adverbial clauses that modify the main clause.Infinitives and GerundsInfinitivesAn infinitive is the base form of a verb preceded by to.It can act as a noun,adjective,or adverb in a sentence.GerundsA gerund is a verb ending in-ing that functions as a noun in a sentence.It can be the subject,object,or complement.Common MistakesBe careful not to confuse gerunds and participles.Also,some verbs can be followed by infinitives or gerunds with different meanings.Conditional SentencesFirst ConditionalFirst conditional sentences express a real possibility or a future likely event.They use if and the present tense,and the future tense or modal verb in the main clause.Second ConditionalSecond conditional sentences express an unreal or hypothetical situation.They use if and the past simple,and would or another modal verb in the main clause.Third ConditionalThird conditional sentences express a hypothetical past situation with a different outcome.They use if and the past perfect,and would have or another modal verb in the main clause.